LEADER 10862nam 2200493 450 001 9910643862603321 005 20230204193639.0 010 $a1-119-90530-3 010 $a1-119-90528-1 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC7081843 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL7081843 035 $a(OCoLC)1344160509 035 $a(CKB)24815171200041 035 $a(EXLCZ)9924815171200041 100 $a20230204d2022 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aBiodegradable materials and their applications /$fInamuddin and Tariq A. Altalhi 210 1$aHoboken, New Jersey ;$aBeverly, Massachusetts :$cJohn Wiley & Sons, Inc. :$cScrivener Publishing LLC,$d[2022] 210 4$dİ2022 215 $a1 online resource (881 pages) 311 08$aPrint version: Inamuddin Biodegradable Materials and Their Applications Newark : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated,c2022 9781119904908 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover -- Half-Title Page -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Biodegradable Materials in Electronics -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Biodegradable Materials in Electronics -- 1.2.1 Advantages of Biodegradable Materials -- 1.3 Silk -- 1.4 Polymers -- 1.4.1 Natural Polymers -- 1.4.2 Synthetic Polymers -- 1.5 Cellulose -- 1.6 Paper -- 1.7 Others -- 1.8 Biodegradable Electronic Components -- 1.9 Semiconductors -- 1.10 Substrate -- 1.11 Biodegradable Dielectrics -- 1.12 Insulators and Conductors -- 1.13 Conclusion -- Declaration About Copyright -- References -- 2 Biodegradable Thermoelectric Materials -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Biopolymer-Based Renewable Composites: An Alternative to Synthetic Materials -- 2.3 Working Principle of Thermoelectric Materials -- 2.4 Biopolymer Composite for Thermoelectric Application -- 2.4.1 Polylactic Acid-Based Thermoelectric Materials -- 2.4.2 Cellulose-Based Biocomposites as Thermoelectric Materials -- 2.4.3 Chitosan-Based Biocomposites as Thermoelectric Materials -- 2.4.4 Agarose-Based Biocomposites as Thermoelectric Materials -- 2.4.5 Starch-Based Biocomposites as Thermoelectric Materials -- 2.4.6 Carrageenan-Based Biocomposites as Thermoelectric Materials -- 2.4.7 Pullulan-Based Composites as Thermoelectric Materials -- 2.4.8 Lignin-Based Biocomposites as Thermoelectric Materials -- 2.5 Heparin-Based Biocomposites as Future Thermoelectric Materials -- 2.6 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Biodegradable Electronics: A Newly Emerging Environmental Technology -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Properties of Biodegradable Materials in Electronics -- 3.3 Transformational Applications of Biodegradable Materials in Electronics -- 3.3.1 Cellulose -- 3.3.2 Silk -- 3.3.3 Stretchable Hydrogel -- 3.3.4 Conjugated Polymers and Metals -- 3.3.5 Graphene -- 3.3.6 Composites -- 3.4 Biodegradation Mechanisms. 327 $a3.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 4 Biodegradable and Bioactive Films or Coatings From Fish Waste Materials -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Fishery Chain Industry -- 4.2.1 Evolution of the Fishery Chain Industry -- 4.2.2 Applications of Fish Waste Materials -- 4.3 Films or Coatings Based on Proteins From Fish Waste Materials -- 4.3.1 Films or Coatings for Food Packaging -- 4.3.2 Development of Protein-Based Films or Coatings -- 4.3.2.1 Fish Proteins and Processes for Obtaining Collagen/Gelatin and Myofibrillar Proteins -- 4.3.2.2 Development of Biodegradable and Bioactive Films or Coating -- 4.3.3 Development of Protein-Based Films or Coatings Incorporated With Additives and/or Plasticizers -- 4.3.3.1 Films or Coatings Incorporated With Organic Additives and/or Plasticizers and Their Applications -- 4.3.3.2 Films or Coatings Incorporated With Inorganic Additives and/or Plasticizers -- 4.4 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Biodegradable Superabsorbent Materials -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Biohydrogels: Superabsorbent Materials -- 5.3 Polysaccharides: Biopolymers from Renewable Sources -- 5.3.1 Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) -- 5.3.2 Chitosan (CH) -- 5.3.3 Alginate -- 5.3.4 Carrageenans -- 5.4 Applications of Superabsorbent Biohydrogels (SBHs) Based on Polysaccharides -- 5.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 6 Bioplastics in Personal Protective Equipment -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Conventional Personal Protective Equipment -- 6.2.1 Face Masks -- 6.2.1.1 Surgical Mask -- 6.2.1.2 N95 Face Masks -- 6.2.1.3 KN95 Face Masks -- 6.2.1.4 Cloth Face Masks -- 6.2.1.5 Two-Layered Face Mask (or Hygienic) -- 6.2.2 Gloves -- 6.2.2.1 Latex -- 6.2.2.2 Nitrile -- 6.2.2.3 Vinyl -- 6.2.2.4 Foil (Polyethylene) -- 6.3 Biodegradable and Biobased PPE -- 6.3.1 Face Masks -- 6.3.1.1 Polylactic Acid -- 6.3.1.2 Polybutylene Succinate. 327 $a6.3.1.3 Polyvinyl Alcohol -- 6.3.2 Gloves -- 6.3.2.1 Butadiene Rubber (BR) -- 6.3.2.2 Polyisoprene Rubber -- 6.4 Environmental Impacts Caused by Personal Protective Equipment Made of Bioplastics -- 6.4.1 Source and Raw Materials -- 6.4.2 End of Life Scenarios -- 6.4.3 Remarks on Biodegradability -- 6.5 International Standards Applied to Biodegradable Plastics and Bioplastics -- 6.6 Conclusions -- References -- 7 Biodegradable Protective Films -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 Types of Protective Films -- 7.2 Biodegradable Protective Films -- 7.2.1 Processing of Biodegradable Protective Films -- 7.2.2 Limitations Faced by Biodegradable Protective Films -- References -- 8 No Plastic, No Pollution: Replacement of Plastics in the Equipments of Personal Protection -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Bioplastics -- 8.3 Biodegradation of Bioplastics -- 8.4 Production of Bioplastics from Plant Sources -- 8.5 Production of Bioplastics from Microbial Resources -- 8.6 What Are PPEs Made Off? -- 8.6.1 Face Masks -- 8.6.2 Face and Eye Shields -- 8.6.3 Gloves -- 8.7 Biodegradable Materials for PPE -- 8.8 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- References -- 9 Biodegradable Materials in Dentistry -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Biodegradable Materials -- 9.2.1 Synthetic Polymers -- 9.2.2 Natural Polymers -- 9.2.3 Biodegradable Ceramics -- 9.2.4 Bioactive Glass -- 9.2.5 Biodegradable Metals -- 9.3 Biodegradable Materials in Suturing -- 9.4 Biodegradable Materials in Imaging and Diagnostics -- 9.5 Biodegradable Materials in Oral Maxillofacial and Craniofacial Surgery -- 9.6 Biodegradable Materials in Resorbable Plate and Screw System -- 9.7 Biodegradable Materials in Alveolar Ridge Preservation -- 9.8 Biodegradable Materials of Nanotopography in Cancer Therapy -- 9.9 Biodegradable Materials in Endodontics -- 9.10 Biodegradable Materials in Orthodontics. 327 $a9.11 Biodegradable Materials in Periodontics -- 9.12 Conclusion -- References -- 10 Biodegradable and Biocompatible Polymeric Materials for Dentistry Applications -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Polysaccharides -- 10.2.1 Chitosan -- 10.2.2 Cellulose -- 10.2.3 Starch -- 10.2.4 Alginate -- 10.2.5 Hyaluronic Acid (HA) -- 10.3 Proteins -- 10.3.1 Collagen -- 10.3.2 Fibrin -- 10.3.3 Elastin -- 10.3.4 Gelatins -- 10.3.5 Silk -- 10.4 Biopolyesters -- 10.4.1 Poly (Glycolic Acid) (PGA) -- 10.4.2 Poly (Lactic Acid) PLA -- 10.4.3 Poly (Lactide-co-Glycolide) (PLGA) -- 10.4.4 Polycaprolactone -- 10.4.5 Poly (Propylene Fumarate) -- 10.5 Conclusion -- References -- 11 Biodegradable Biomaterials in Bone Tissue Engineering -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Essential Characteristics and Considerations in Bone Scaffold Design -- 11.3 Fabrication Technologies -- 11.4 Incorporation of Bioactive Molecules During Scaffold Fabrication -- 11.5 Biocompatibility and Interface Between Biodegradation and New Tissue Formation -- 11.6 Biodegradation of Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials -- 11.7 Biodegradation of Polymeric Biomaterials -- 11.8 Importance of Bone Remodeling -- 11.9 Conclusion -- References -- 12 Biodegradable Elastomer -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Biodegradation Testing -- 12.3 Biodegradable Elastomers: An Overview -- 12.3.1 Preparation Strategies -- 12.3.2 Biodegradation and Erosion -- 12.4 Application of Biodegradable Elastomers -- 12.4.1 Drug Delivery -- 12.4.2 Tissue Engineering -- 12.4.2.1 Neural and Retinal Applications -- 12.4.2.2 Cardiovascular Applications -- 12.4.2.3 Orthopedic Applications -- 12.5 Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- 13 Biodegradable Implant Materials -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Medical Implants -- 13.3 Biomaterials -- 13.3.1 Biomaterial Types -- 13.3.1.1 Polymer Biomaterials -- 13.3.1.2 Metallic Biomaterials -- 13.3.1.3 Ceramic Biomaterials. 327 $a13.4 Biodegradable Implant Materials -- 13.4.1 Biodegradable Metals -- 13.4.1.1 Magnesium-Based Biodegradable Materials -- 13.4.1.2 Iron-Based Biodegradable Materials -- 13.4.2 Biodegradable Polymers -- 13.4.2.1 Polyesters -- 13.4.2.2 Polycarbonates -- 13.4.2.3 Polyanhydrides -- 13.4.2.4 Poly(ortho esters) -- 13.4.2.5 Poly(propylene fumarate) -- 13.4.2.6 Poly(phosphazenes) -- 13.4.2.7 Polyphosphoesters -- 13.4.2.8 Polyurethanes -- 13.5 Conclusion -- References -- 14 Current Strategies in Pulp and Periodontal Regeneration Using Biodegradable Biomaterials -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Biodegradable Materials in Dental Pulp Regeneration -- 14.2.1 Collagen-Based Gels -- 14.2.2 Platelet-Rich Plasma -- 14.2.3 Plasma-Rich Fibrin -- 14.2.4 Gelatin -- 14.2.5 Fibrin -- 14.2.6 Alginate -- 14.2.7 Chitosan -- 14.2.8 Amino Acid Polymers -- 14.2.9 Polymers of Lactic Acid -- 14.2.10 Composite Polymer Scaffolds -- 14.3 Biodegradable Biomaterials and Strategies for Tissue Engineering of Periodontium -- 14.4 Coapplication of Auxiliary Agents With Biodegradable Biomaterials for Periodontal Tissue Engineering -- 14.4.1 Stem Cells Applications in Periodontal Regeneration -- 14.4.2 Bioactive Molecules for Periodontal Regeneration -- 14.4.3 Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Agents for Periodontal Regeneration -- 14.5 Regeneration of Periodontal Tissues Complex Using Biodegradable Biomaterials -- 14.5.1 PDL Regeneration -- 14.5.2 Cementum and Alveolar Bone Regeneration -- 14.5.3 Integrated Regeneration of Periodontal Complex Structures -- 14.6 Recent Advances in Periodontal Regeneration Using Supportive Techniques During Application of Biodegradable Biomaterials -- 14.6.1 Laser Application in Periodontium Regeneration -- 14.6.2 Gene Therapy in Periodontal Regeneration -- 14.7 Conclusion and Future Remarks -- References. 327 $a15 A Review on Health Care Applications of Biopolymers. 606 $aEngineering 615 0$aEngineering. 676 $a929.374 700 $aInamuddin$0847455 702 $aAltalhi$b Tariq A. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910643862603321 996 $aBiodegradable 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Adams, Neil J. Smelser, and Donald J. Treiman, editors (Committee on Basic Research in the Behavioral and Social Sciences, Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, National Research Council) 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academy Press$d1982- 215 $a1 online resource (135 p.) 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 08$a9780309032780 311 08$a0309032784 320 $aBibliography: pt. 1, p. 103-113. 327 $aBehavioral and Social Science Research: A National Resource -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- VALUE, SIGNIFICANCE, AND SOCIAL UTILITY -- ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT -- RELATIONSHIP OF THIS REPORT TO PREVIOUS STUDIES -- THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES -- 2 The Nature and Methods of the Behavioral and Social Sciences -- THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE DISCIPLINES -- Psychology -- Sociology -- Anthropology -- Economics -- Political Science -- Geography -- History -- Statistics -- DYNAMICS OF DEVELOPMENT IN THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES -- Specialization -- Improvement of Data -- Shifts in Conceptual and Theoretical Focus -- Interdisciplinary Ferment -- A Final Word -- EXPLANATORY MODES AND METHODS IN THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES -- Experimentation -- Statistical Control -- Statistically Uncontrolled Observation -- 3 Knowledge from the Behavioral and Social Sciences: Examples -- VOTING -- HISTORY OF THE FAMILY -- BEHAVIOR AND HEALTH -- Direct Psychophysiological Effects -- Health-Impairing Habits and Life-Styles -- Reactions to Illness and the Sick Role -- PRIMARY GROUPS IN LARGE-SCALE SOCIETY -- THE ANALYSIS OF STATUS ATTAINMENT -- INFORMATION PROCESSING PSYCHOLOGY -- ORIGINS OF AGRICULTURE -- SOCIAL CHOICE -- HUMAN ORIGINS -- SOCIAL BEHAVIOR OF MONKEYS AND APES -- 4 The Uses of Social and Behavioral Research -- INFORMATION-GENERATING TECHNOLOGIES -- Sample Surveys -- Standardized Testing -- Economic Data and Economic Models -- Economic Data -- Econometric Forecasting -- Related Developments -- CHANGES IN THE WAY WE DO THINGS -- Human Factors Applications -- Applications of Learning Theory -- Therapeutic Applications -- Pedagogical Applications -- Other Applications -- Organizational Analysis -- Organizations and Management -- Japanese Management -- Resource Allocation -- Locational Analysis. 327 $aProgram and Policy Evaluation -- CHANGES IN THE WAY WE THINK ABOUT THINGS -- The Changing Conception of Race and Ethnicity -- The Function of Social Science Labeling -- 5 The National Interest in the Support of Basic Research -- CONCLUSIONS -- ADDITIONAL CONCLUSIONS -- SUMMARY -- References -- Appendix A Contents of Part II -- Appendix B Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff. 330 $aBehavioral and Social Science Research: A National Resource specifies appropriate criteria for assessing the value, significance, and social utility of basic research in the social sciences. This report identifies illustrative areas of basic research in the social sciences that have developed analytic frameworks of high social utility and describes the development of these frameworks and their utilization. It also identifies illustrative areas of basic research in the social sciences that are likely to be of high value, significance, and/or social utility in the near future, reviews the current state of knowledge in these areas, and indicates research efforts needed to bring these areas to their full potential. 606 $aSocial sciences$xResearch$zUnited States 615 0$aSocial sciences$xResearch 676 $a300/.72073 701 $aAdams$b Robert McC$g(Robert McCormick),$f1926-$01464739 701 $aSmelser$b Neil J$089308 701 $aTreiman$b Donald J$0125845 712 02$aNational Research Council (U.S.).$bCommittee on Basic Research in the Behavioral and Social Sciences. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910970125503321 996 $aBehavioral and social science research$94367433 997 $aUNINA