LEADER 06312nam 2200793 a 450 001 9910970045903321 005 20241218115103.0 010 $a9786610196562 010 $a9781280196560 010 $a1280196564 010 $a9780309566476 010 $a0309566479 010 $a9780585156347 010 $a0585156344 035 $a(CKB)110986584751274 035 $a(EBL)3376499 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000232565 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11187962 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000232565 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10214747 035 $a(PQKB)10461129 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3376499 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3376499 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10056772 035 $a(OCoLC)923264237 035 $a(DcWaBHL)110685 035 $a(Perlego)4735089 035 $a(BIP)1332275 035 $a(EXLCZ)99110986584751274 100 $a19931103d1994 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aRangeland health : standards and guidelines for healthy rangelands 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aSalt Lake City, UT (324 S. State St., Salt Lake City 84145-0155)$cU.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Utah State Office$d1997 215 $a1 online resource (200 pages) $cillustrations 215 $a1 online resource 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 0 $a9780309048798 311 0 $a0309048796 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 158-168) and index. 327 $a""RANGELAND HEALTH""; ""Copyright""; ""Preface""; ""Acknowledgments""; ""Contents""; ""Executive Summary""; ""STATE OF RANGELAND ECOSYSTEMS""; ""Questions About Methods""; ""Lack of Reliable Data""; ""Need to Know is Urgent""; ""PURPOSES OF NATIONAL ASSESSMENTS""; ""Standards for National Assessments""; ""DEFINITION OF RANGELAND HEALTH""; ""MINIMUM ECOLOGICAL STANDARD""; ""USE AND MANAGEMENT""; ""Categories for National Assessments""; ""METHODS TO ASSESS RANGELAND HEALTH""; ""Defining Boundaries""; ""Criteria and Indicators""; ""SOIL STABILITY AND WATERSHED FUNCTION"" 327 $a""NUTRIENT CYCLING AND ENERGY FLOW"" ""RECOVERY MECHANISMS""; ""Research Needed""; ""NATIONAL INVENTORYING AND MONITORING SYSTEM""; ""Minimum Data Set""; ""Standardize Indicators and Methods""; ""National Sampling System""; ""Periodic Sampling Needed""; ""TRANSITION TO RANGELAND HEALTH ASSESSMENTS""; ""Intermediate Steps""; ""Preserving Continuity During the Transition""; ""CHALLENGE TO RANGE SCIENTISTS AND MANAGERS""; ""1 Rangelands are Important ""; ""RANGELAND MANAGEMENT AND USES""; ""CONCERN ABOUT THE STATE OF U.S. RANGELANDS""; ""Federal Management of U.S. Rangelands"" 327 $a""Present State of Rangelands"" ""ASSESSMENTS OF RANGELANDS""; ""DEFICIENCIES OF ASSESSMENTS""; ""UTILITY OF CURRENT METHODS AND DATA""; ""URGENT NEED FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENTS""; ""2 Rangeland Health ""; ""GOALS FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENTS""; ""STANDARDS FOR RANGELAND ASSESSMENTS""; ""Rangeland Health""; ""Categories for Rangeland Assessments""; ""DEFINING BOUNDARIES""; ""THRESHOLDS BETWEEN ECOLOGICAL STATES""; ""PROCESSES OF CHANGE""; ""THRESHOLD OF RANGELAND HEALTH""; ""EARLY WARNING LINE""; ""MULTIPLE STATES AND TRANSITIONS""; ""ROLE OF RANGELAND HEALTH IN RANGELAND MANAGEMENT"" 327 $a""Goal of Range Management"" ""Additional Information Needed to Determine Appropriate Management""; ""Rangeland in Extreme Environments""; ""3 Current Methods of Rangeland Assessment ""; ""DEVELOPMENT OF CURRENT THEORY AND PRACTICE OF RANGELAND ASSESSMENTS""; ""Early Development Of Survey Methods""; ""Standardization of Rangeland Surveys""; ""New Theoretical Foundation for Rangeland Surveys""; ""SUCCESSION AND CLIMAX COMMUNITIES""; ""SUCCESSIONAL STAGES AND RANGELAND ASSESSMENT""; ""SUCCESSIONAL STAGES AS CONDITION CLASSES"" 327 $a""ADOPTION OF THE SUCCESSION-RETROGRESSION MODEL BY FEDERAL AGENCIES""""APPLICABILITY OF THE SUCCESSION-RETROGRESSION MODEL""; ""LINKS BETWEEN OTHER BRANCHES OF ECOLOGY AND RANGELAND SCIENCE""; ""CURRENT AGENCY RANGELAND ASSESSMENT THEORY AND PRACTICE""; ""Site Classification""; ""RANGE SITE CLASSIFICATION""; ""ECOLOGICAL SITES AND TYPES""; ""Evaluation of Range Condition and Ecological Status""; ""RANGE CONDITION (SCS)""; ""ECOLOGICAL STATUS (USFS AND BLM)""; ""Trend and Apparent Trend""; ""NEW METHODS NEEDED TO ASSESS RANGELAND HEALTH""; ""Site Classification""; ""CLASSIFICATION BASED ON CLIMAX CONCEPT"" 330 $aRangelands comprise between 40 and 50 percent of all U.S. land and serve the nation both as productive areas for wildlife, recreational use, and livestock grazing and as watersheds. The health and management of rangelands have been matters for scientific inquiry and public debate since the 1880s, when reports of widespread range degradation and livestock losses led to the first attempts to inventory and classify rangelands. Scientists are now questioning the utility of current methods of rangeland classification and inventory, as well as the data available to determine whether rangelands are being degraded. These experts, who are using the same methods and data, have come to different conclusions. This book examines the scientific basis of methods used by federal agencies to inventory, classify, and monitor rangelands; it assesses the success of these methods; and it recommends improvements. The book's findings and recommendations are of interest to the public; scientists; ranchers; and local, state, and federal policymakers. 606 $aRange management$zUnited States 606 $aRangelands$zUnited States 606 $aRange ecology$zUnited States 606 $aRange management 606 $aRangelands 606 $aRange ecology 615 0$aRange management 615 0$aRangelands 615 0$aRange ecology 615 0$aRange management. 615 0$aRangelands. 615 0$aRange ecology. 676 $a333.74/0973 712 02$aNational Research Council (U.S.).$bCommittee on Rangeland Classification. 801 0$bGPO 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910970045903321 996 $aRangeland health : standards and guidelines for healthy rangelands$94449322 997 $aUNINA