LEADER 07047nam 2200709 a 450 001 9910970045303321 005 20251116140428.0 010 $a9786610212279 010 $a9781280212277 010 $a1280212276 010 $a9780309582827 010 $a0309582822 010 $a9780585142746 010 $a0585142742 035 $a(CKB)110986584751000 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000208331 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11175432 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000208331 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10257487 035 $a(PQKB)11721295 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3376094 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3376094 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10055088 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL21227 035 $a(OCoLC)923261073 035 $a(Perlego)4736803 035 $a(BIP)1304059 035 $a(EXLCZ)99110986584751000 100 $a19900927d1991 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aNational interests in an age of global technology /$fThomas H. Lee and Proctor P. Reid, editors ; Committee on Engineering as an International Enterprise, National Academy of Engineering 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academy Press$d1991 215 $ax, 159 p. $cill 225 1 $aSeries on prospering in a global economy 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 08$a9780309043298 311 08$a0309043298 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aNational Interests in an Age of Global Technology -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Summary and Recommendations -- CAPTURING THE BENEFITS OF GLOBAL TECHNICAL ADVANCE -- DOMESTIC POLICY DIRECTIONS -- INTERNATIONAL POLICY DIRECTIONS -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 1 The Emerging Global Technical Enterprise -- CONVERGENCE IN TECHNICAL CAPABILITIES OF INDUSTRIALIZED NATIONS -- INTEGRATION OF NATIONAL TECHNOLOGY ENTERPRISES SINCE THE MID-1970S -- GROWTH OF U.S. ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL INTERDEPENDENCE -- CHANGING CORPORATE STRATEGIES TOWARD TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND ACQUISITION -- INTERINDUSTRY VARIATIONS IN THE SCOPE AND CHARACTER OF GLOBALIZATION -- Automotive Industry -- Construction Industry -- Aircraft Engine Industry -- Cross-Industry Commonalities -- GLOBALIZATION OF U.S. UNIVERSITY-BASED TECHNICAL CAPABILITIES -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 2 Opportunities and Challenges of Globalization -- THE PROMISE OF GLOBALIZATION -- CHALLENGES FACING THE UNITED STATES AND ITS TRADING PARTNERS -- Forces That Lead to Domestic Protectionist Response -- International Asymmetries of Market Access -- The Different ''Learning'' Aptitudes of Nations -- The Threat of Global Monopolies -- GLOBALIZATION: ON BALANCE A POSITIVE TREND -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 3 Strengths and Weaknesses of the U.S. Technical Enterprise -- U.S. COMPARATIVE STRENGTHS -- The National Research Enterprise -- Advanced Technical Education -- The Domestic Market -- Information Technology -- The Nation's Pool of Technical Talent -- The Cultivation of Individual Creativity and Initiative -- Building on National Technical Assets Through Globalization -- U.S. COMPARATIVE WEAKNESSES -- Failures of the Educational System -- The University-Industry Mismatch -- The Eroding Economic Infrastructure -- The "Not-Invented-Here" Syndrome -- NOTES -- REFERENCES. 327 $a4 Capturing Benefits of Global Technical Advance: Policy Implications -- GLOBALIZATION OF ADVANCED TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES -- THE CHANGING CHARACTER OF COMPETITION AMONG NATIONS -- IMPLICATIONS FOR THE UNITED STATES -- POLICY DIRECTIONS -- Domestic Policy Directions -- Policy Initiatives to Enhance Technology Adoption, Adaptation, and Diffusion -- A New Approach to Generic Technology Development -- The Issue of National Treatment -- Improving the Nation's Work Force and Economic Infrastructure -- Technical Competence in Government -- International Policy Directions -- Mutual Obligations of Multinational Corporations and Governments -- Greater Uniformity in Antitrust Policy at the International Level -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Appendixes -- Appendix A Industry Technology Profiles -- I Aircraft Engine Industry -- II Automotive Industry -- Reference -- III Biotechnology -- Defining "Biotechnology -- The "New" Biotechnology -- Ongoing Technologies and Competencies -- Key Elements of Bioprocess Technology -- Biocatalysts -- Separation and Purification -- The "Biotechnology" Industry -- Emerging Technologies -- Biotechnology and ''Engineering as An International Enterprise -- IV Chemical Process Industry -- V Computer Printer Industry -- Current Technologies -- Solid-State Lasers-Japanese Leadership -- Ink Jet Technology-U.S. Leadership -- Manufacturing Costs-Japanese Leadership -- Design Capability-Japanese Leadership -- Printing Materials-U.S. Leadership -- Software Applications-U.S. Leadership -- Emerging Technologies -- Color-U.S. Leadership -- High-Speed Printers-U.S. Leadership -- Scanning-Japanese Leadership -- Facsimile-Japanese Leadership -- Technology Summary -- VI Construction Industry -- International Differences in Industry Structure and Its Consequences -- Contracting Practices -- The Regulatory and Business Environment. 327 $aVII Electrical Equipment and Power Systems Industry -- References -- VIII Semiconductor Industry -- Appendix B Contributors -- Appendix C Biographical Information on Committee Members -- Index. 330 $aU.S. policymakers must come to terms with the implications of the "globalization of technology"--specifically, the dramatic increase in crossborder technical activities of private corporations and the rapid growth and redistribution of global technical capabilities since the mid-1970s. This book presents a policy framework for reconciling our national interests with the realities of the emerging global technical enterprise. Specific recommendations address how public policies can help ensure that U.S. citizens derive a fair share of the benefits of the global technology base. The volume discusses corporate nationality and its relevance to the policy debate, the need for greater international policy cooperation and negotiation in antitrust law, and the obligations of multinational corporations and their home and host governments. It also includes a series of detailed, up-to-date "technology profiles" of eight global industries, from aircraft engines to semiconductors. 410 0$aSeries on prospering in a global economy. 606 $aTechnology and state$zUnited States 606 $aInternational business enterprises$zUnited States 615 0$aTechnology and state 615 0$aInternational business enterprises 676 $a338.97306 701 $aLee$b Thomas H.$f1923-2001.$01810466 701 $aReid$b Proctor P$01615894 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910970045303321 996 $aNational interests in an age of global technology$94361806 997 $aUNINA