LEADER 05527nam 2200769 a 450 001 9910970035703321 005 20251116141228.0 010 $a9786610211333 010 $a9781280211331 010 $a1280211334 010 $a9780309596381 010 $a0309596386 010 $a9780585028729 010 $a0585028729 035 $a(CKB)110986584753402 035 $a(OCoLC)42329401 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10057060 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000169502 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11164020 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000169502 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10203503 035 $a(PQKB)11151257 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3376782 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3376782 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10057060 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL21133 035 $a(OCoLC)814277663 035 $a(Perlego)4739918 035 $a(BIP)703764 035 $a(EXLCZ)99110986584753402 100 $a19931022d1993 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aHealth effects of ingested fluoride /$fSubcommittee on Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride, Committee on Toxicology, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academy Press$d1993 215 $a1 online resource (197 p.) 300 $aProject was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under contract CR-819504-01-0. 300 $aSubcommittee chairman: Bernard M. Wagner. 311 08$a9780309049757 311 08$a030904975X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 135-166). 327 $aHealth Effects of Ingested Fluoride -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride -- Executive Summary -- INTRODUCTION -- INTAKE, METABOLISM, AND DISPOSITION OF FLUORIDE -- DENTAL FLUOROSIS -- FLUORIDE AND BONE FRACTURES -- EFFECTS OF FLUORIDE ON THE RENAL SYSTEM -- EFFECTS OF FLUORIDE ON THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM -- EFFECTS OF FLUORIDE ON HYPERSENSITIVITY AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM -- EFFECTS OF FLUORIDE ON REPRODUCTION -- GENOTOXICITY -- CARCINOGENICITY -- CONCLUSIONS -- Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Dental Fluorosis -- THE FLUORIDE CONTENT OF TEETH -- FLUORIDE'S ACTION IN PREVENTING DENTAL CARIES -- HISTOPATHOLOGY OF DENTAL FLUOROSIS -- DIAGNOSTIC ISSUES IN DENTAL FLUOROSIS -- INDEXES FOR DENTAL FLUOROSIS -- DENTAL FLUOROSIS AND FLUORIDE INTAKE -- PREVALENCE OF DENTAL FLUOROSIS -- RISK FACTORS IN DENTAL FLUOROSIS -- THE RELATION BETWEEN DENTAL FLUOROSIS AND CARIES -- CONCLUSIONS -- RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS -- 3 Fluoride Exposure and Risk of Bone Fracture -- BONE FRACTURE IN HUMANS -- Clinical Trials of Fluoride -- Population Studies -- Studies Using Information from Individuals -- Studies Using Population Characteristics -- Skeletal Fluorosis -- Discussion -- BONE FRACTURE IN ANIMALS -- Discussion -- 4 Reproductive Effects of Fluoride -- REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS IN HUMANS -- REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS IN ANIMALS -- DISCUSSION -- 5 Effects of Ingested Fluoride on Renal, Gastrointestinal, and Immune Systems -- EFFECTS ON THE RENAL SYSTEM -- EFFECTS ON THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM -- HYPERSENSITIVITY AND IMMUNOLOGICAL EFFECTS -- DISCUSSION -- 6 Genotoxicity of Fluoride -- IN VITRO GENOTOXICITY TEST SYSTEMS -- Microbes -- Mammalian Cells -- Gene Mutations -- Chromosomal Aberrations and Sister Chromatid Exchanges -- Animal Cells -- Human Cells -- DNA Damage and Repair -- Transformation -- Discussion. 327 $aIN VIVO GENOTOXICITY TEST SYSTEMS -- Drosophila -- Rodents -- Somatic Cells -- Germ Cells -- Human Studies -- PROPOSED MECHANISMS OF GENOTOXICITY -- SUMMARY -- 7 Carcinogenicity of Fluoride -- FLUORIDE CARCINOGENCITY IN HUMANS -- FLUORIDE CARCINOGENICITY IN ANIMALS -- Early Toxicological Studies Of Fluoride and Cancer -- Recent Carcinogenicity Bioassays -- CONCLUSIONS -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- 8 Intake, Metabolism, and Disposition of Fluoride -- FLUORIDE INTAKE -- FLUORIDE ABSORPTION -- FLUORIDE IN PLASMA -- TISSUE DISTRIBUTION -- FLUORIDE EXCRETION -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- References -- Appendix 1 Criteria for Dean's Index, TF Index, and TSIF -- Appendix 2 Letter to AFIP -- Appendix 3 AFIP Response. 330 $aThis book reviews the effects on health of fluoride ingested from various sources. Those health effects reviewed include dental fluorosis; bone fracture; effects on renal, reproductive, and gastrointestinal systems; and genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. The book also reviews the Environmental Protection Agency's current drinking-water standard for fluoride and considers future research needs. 606 $aFluorides$xToxicology 606 $aFluorides$xMetabolism 606 $aFluorides$xPhysiological effect 606 $aWater$xFluoridation$xHealth aspects 615 0$aFluorides$xToxicology. 615 0$aFluorides$xMetabolism. 615 0$aFluorides$xPhysiological effect. 615 0$aWater$xFluoridation$xHealth aspects. 676 $a615.9/257312 701 $aWagner$b Bernard Meyer$f1928-$0508304 712 02$aNational Research Council (U.S.).$bBoard on Environmental Studies and Toxicology. 712 02$aNational Research Council (U.S.).$bCommission on Life Sciences. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910970035703321 996 $aHealth effects of ingested fluoride$94368431 997 $aUNINA