LEADER 03988nam 2200625Ia 450 001 9910970019303321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a9780674062757 010 $a0674062752 024 7 $a10.4159/harvard.9780674062757 035 $a(CKB)2550000000085827 035 $a(OCoLC)773672024 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10524467 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000599278 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11382277 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000599278 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10596017 035 $a(PQKB)10844132 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3301036 035 $a(DE-B1597)178276 035 $a(OCoLC)900724399 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780674062757 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3301036 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10524467 035 $a(Perlego)1133504 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000085827 100 $a20110511d2012 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aHow economics shapes science /$fPaula Stephan 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aCambridge, Mass. $cHarvard University Press$d2012 215 $a1 online resource (384 p.) 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 08$a9780674049710 311 08$a0674049713 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFrontmatter --$tContents --$tFigures and Tables --$tPreface --$tAbbreviations --$tChapter One. What Does Economics Have To Do with Science? --$tChapter Two. Puzzles and Priority --$tChapter Three. Money --$tChapter Four. The Production of Research: People and Patterns of Collaboration --$tChapter Five. The Production of Research: Equipment and Materials --$tChapter Six. Funding for Research --$tChapter Seven. The Market for Scientists and Engineers --$tChapter Eight. The Foreign Born --$tChapter Nine. The Relationship of Science to Economic Growth --$tChapter Ten. Can We Do Better? --$tAppendix --$tNotes --$tReferences --$tAcknowledgments --$tIndex 330 $aThe beauty of science may be pure and eternal, but the practice of science costs money. And scientists, being human, respond to incentives and costs, in money and glory. Choosing a research topic, deciding what papers to write and where to publish them, sticking with a familiar area or going into something new-the payoff may be tenure or a job at a highly ranked university or a prestigious award or a bump in salary. The risk may be not getting any of that.At a time when science is seen as an engine of economic growth, Paula Stephan brings a keen understanding of the ongoing cost-benefit calculations made by individuals and institutions as they compete for resources and reputation. She shows how universities offload risks by increasing the percentage of non-tenure-track faculty, requiring tenured faculty to pay salaries from outside grants, and staffing labs with foreign workers on temporary visas. With funding tight, investigators pursue safe projects rather than less fundable ones with uncertain but potentially path-breaking outcomes. Career prospects in science are increasingly dismal for the young because of ever-lengthening apprenticeships, scarcity of permanent academic positions, and the difficulty of getting funded.Vivid, thorough, and bold, How Economics Shapes Science highlights the growing gap between the haves and have-nots-especially the vast imbalance between the biomedical sciences and physics/engineering-and offers a persuasive vision of a more productive, more creative research system that would lead and benefit the world. 606 $aResearch$xEconomic aspects 606 $aScience and state 615 0$aResearch$xEconomic aspects. 615 0$aScience and state. 676 $a500 700 $aStephan$b Paula E$0102362 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910970019303321 996 $aHow economics shapes science$94356547 997 $aUNINA