LEADER 08325oam 22011894 450 001 9910971216303321 005 20250426110946.0 010 $a9786612844928 010 $a9781462393091 010 $a1462393098 010 $a9781282844926 010 $a128284492X 010 $a9781451942026 010 $a1451942028 010 $a9781452756110 010 $a1452756112 035 $a(CKB)3170000000055393 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001477863 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11902602 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001477863 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11453293 035 $a(PQKB)11758370 035 $a(OCoLC)680613482 035 $a(IMF)WPIEE2009260 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1605984 035 $a(IMF)WPIEA2009260 035 $aWPIEA2009260 035 $a(EXLCZ)993170000000055393 100 $a20020129d2009 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aImproving Surveillance Across the CEMAC Region /$fPlamen Iossifov, Misa Takebe, Zaijin Zhan, Noriaki Kinoshita, Robert York 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2009. 215 $a57 p. $cill 225 1 $aIMF Working Papers 300 $a"November 2009." 311 08$a9781451918212 311 08$a1451918216 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aIntro -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- I. Introduction -- II. Institutional Background and Features -- A. Macroeconomic Policies in the CEMAC Region -- B. Policy Coordination and Surveillance -- III. Improving the Measures of Fiscal Surveillance -- A. Fiscal Policy Objectives and Indicators -- B. Indicators of Policy Stance and Policy Change -- C. Indicators of Sustainability -- D. Implications for Fiscal Surveillance -- IV. External Shocks and the Convergence Criteria -- A. External Shocks and Growth -- B. The Efficacy of Fiscal Policies in Mitigating Shocks -- C. Implications for Regional Surveillance -- V. External Stability Considerations and Regional Surveillance -- A. Consistency of the CEMAC Fiscal Convergence Criteria with External Stability -- B. The Desirability of a Foreign Reserves Target -- C. Long-run Considerations in Regional Surveillance -- VI. Summary and Policy Implications -- Boxes -- 1. Brief Economic History of the Central African CFA Zone -- 2. Overview of the Optimum Currency Area Literature -- 3. BEAC Monetary Programming -- 4. Characteristics of Oil Revenue in the CEMAC -- 5. CEMAC Convergence Criteria -- 6. Fiscal Stance and Fiscal Impulse -- 7. The Primary Gap Measure -- 8. Constant Fiscal Expenditure Rule for Oil Producing Countries -- 9. Measuring the Impact of Exogenous Shocks on the Non-oil Economy -- 10. Measuring the Impact of Counter-Cyclical Fiscal Policies on the Non-oil Economy -- Tables -- 1. CEMAC Fiscal Developments and the Fiscal Convergence Criteria, 1998-2008 -- 2. A Comparison of CEMAC Fiscal Indicators, 2000-08 (in percent of GDP) -- 3. A Comparison of CEMAC Fiscal Indicators, 2000- -- 4. Primary Gap Measures Across the CEMAC, 1998-2008 -- 5. CEMAC Long-term Macroeconomic Assumptions -- 6. CEMAC Average Sustainable Non-oil Primary Deficit Under Different Fiscal Rules, 2009-48. 327 $a7. Real Non-oil GDP Growth in CEMAC Countries, 1980-2008 -- 8. Correlation of Real GDP Growth Among CEMAC Countries, 1980-2008 -- 9. Triggers of Recessions in CEMAC Countries, selected periods -- 10. Correlation Between Non-oil Real GDP and External Factors, 1980-2008 -- 11. Correlation Between GDP, Public Expenditure, and Non-oil Revenue -- 12. Average Share of Non-oil Revenue and Expenditure in Non-oil GDP, 1980-2008 -- 13. Variance Decomposition of Real GDP by Types of Shocks -- 14. CEMAC Share of Oil Revenue in Total Revenue and Correlation Between Fiscal and External Balances -- 15. CEMAC Currency Coverage Ratio, 2000-08 -- 16. CEMAC Gross Official Reserves, 2000-08 -- Figures -- 1. CEMAC Real and Fiscal Developments, 1969-2008 -- 2. CEMAC Terms of Trade and Balance of Payments Developments, 1969-2008 -- 3. CEMAC Net International Reserve Coverage of Imports, 1995-2008 -- 4. CEMAC Fiscal Policy and Procyclicality vis-à-vis Oil Revenue, 1980-2008 -- 5. Nominal and Real Crude Oil (Spot) Prices, 1970-2014 -- 6. CEMAC Non-oil Real GDP Growth and the Fiscal Impulse, 1995-2008 -- 7. CEMAC External Debt and the Primary Gap, 1998-2008 -- 8. CEMAC Sustainable Non-oil Primary Deficit Under Different Fiscal Rules, 2009-13 -- 9. CEMAC Sensitivity of the Sustainable Non-oil Primary Deficit to Oil Prices Under a Permanent Income Hypothesis, 2009-13 -- 10. Terms of Trade and Real Effective Exchange Rates, 1980-2008 -- 11. Impulse Response of Output to a One Standard Deviation Change in Terms of Trade and Real Effective Exchange Rate Shocks -- 12. Impulse Response of Output to a One Standard Deviation Change in Revenue and Spending Shocks -- 13. CEMAC Overall Fiscal Balance and External Current Account Balance, 1996-2008 -- 14. CEMAC Countries Overall Fiscal Balance and External Current Account Balance, 1996-2008. 327 $a15. CEMAC Foreign Assets of BEAC and Government Deposits at BEAC, 1995-2008 -- Appendix -- Linkages Between Fiscal and Monetary Policies in a Non-Renewable Resource Producer under a Fixed Exchange Rate -- References. 330 3 $aIn this paper, we consider the design of the surveillance, and, in particular, the fiscal criteria in the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC) with the view to ensuring they are consistent with internal and external sustainability. This consistency is important within a monetary union because fiscal policy is the primary instrument through which national governments can influence macroeconomic performance. We comment on how surveillance might be improved by broadening the region's current criteria through alternative fiscal indicators, some focus on the scope and nature of external shocks, and attention to the consistency of policies in assuring the viability of the union and its fixed exchange rate regime. 410 0$aIMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;$vNo. 2009/260 606 $aMonetary policy$zAfrica, Central 606 $aMonetary unions$zAfrica, Central 606 $aBanks and banking$zAfrica, Central 606 $aBusiness Taxes and Subsidies$2imf 606 $aEnergy: General$2imf 606 $aExpenditure$2imf 606 $aExpenditures, Public$2imf 606 $aFiscal Policy$2imf 606 $aFiscal policy$2imf 606 $aFiscal stance$2imf 606 $aInvestment & securities$2imf 606 $aInvestments: Energy$2imf 606 $aMacroeconomics$2imf 606 $aNational Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General$2imf 606 $aOil$2imf 606 $aOil, gas and mining taxes$2imf 606 $aPetroleum industry and trade$2imf 606 $aPublic finance & taxation$2imf 606 $aPublic Finance$2imf 606 $aTaxation$2imf 607 $aAfrica, Central$xEconomic integration$xHistory 607 $aEquatorial Guinea, Republic of$2imf 615 0$aMonetary policy 615 0$aMonetary unions 615 0$aBanks and banking 615 7$aBusiness Taxes and Subsidies 615 7$aEnergy: General 615 7$aExpenditure 615 7$aExpenditures, Public 615 7$aFiscal Policy 615 7$aFiscal policy 615 7$aFiscal stance 615 7$aInvestment & securities 615 7$aInvestments: Energy 615 7$aMacroeconomics 615 7$aNational Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General 615 7$aOil 615 7$aOil, gas and mining taxes 615 7$aPetroleum industry and trade 615 7$aPublic finance & taxation 615 7$aPublic Finance 615 7$aTaxation 676 $a332.4;332.496751 700 $aIossifov$b Plamen$01815849 701 $aKinoshita$b Noriaki$01815850 701 $aTakebe$b Misa$01815851 701 $aYork$b Robert$01092056 701 $aZhan$b Zaijin$01599358 712 02$aInternational Monetary Fund.$bAfrican Dept. 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910971216303321 996 $aImproving Surveillance Across the CEMAC Region$94371382 997 $aUNINA LEADER 03787nam 2200625 a 450 001 9910968673103321 005 20250513225351.0 010 $a1-283-42485-1 010 $a9786613424853 010 $a90-272-8136-X 035 $a(CKB)2670000000139655 035 $a(EBL)829553 035 $a(OCoLC)769344147 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000642644 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11393699 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000642644 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10647955 035 $a(PQKB)10077503 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC829553 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL829553 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10524079 035 $a(DE-B1597)718987 035 $a(DE-B1597)9789027281364 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000139655 100 $a20791015d1978 uy 0 101 0 $ager 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 14$aDer von Kürenberg $eedition, notes and commentary /$fGayle Agler-Beck 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aAmsterdam :$cJ. Benjamins B.V.,$d1978. 215 $a1 online resource (xi, 230 pages) 225 1 $aGerman language and literature monographs ;$vv. 4 300 $aA revison of the author's thesis, University of California at Davis. 300 $aEnglish and Middle High German. 311 0 $a90-272-0964-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aGAYLE AGLER-BECKDER VON KU?RENBERG: EDITION, NOTES, AND COMMENTARY; Editorial page; Title page; Copyright page; Table of contents; ABBREVIATIONS; INTRODUCTION; INTRODUCTION; A. The Manuscript; Designation, Content, History; Description; Scribal Practices; B. The Edition; Text; Apparatuses and Appendi; Notes and Commentary; C. Methodology; D. Metrics; Metrics and Editorial Criticism; The Strophic Form of Der von Ku?re; E. Strophic Order and Interpretation; Principies of Strophic Order; Strophic Order and Artistic Principles; F. The Poet; TEXTS; NOTES AND COMMENTARY; Notes C 1; Notes C 2 327 $aCommentary Wechsel C 1 - C 2; Notes C 3; NOTES C 3. COMMENTARY C 3; Commentary C 3; Notes C 4; NOTES C 4. NOTES C 5; festivals or functions.; Notes C 5; Commentary C 5; COMMENTARY C 5. NOTES C 6; Notes C 6; Commentary C 6; Notes C 7; Commentary C 7; Notes C 8; Notes C 9; Commentary C 8 and C 9; Notes C 10; Commentary C 10; Notes C 11; Commentary C 11; Commentary Wechsel C 4 - C 12; Notes C 13; Commentary C 13; Notes C 14; Commentary C 14; Notes C 15; Commentary C 15; CONCLUDING REMARKS; APPENDICES; APPENDIX A. Deviations from Diplomatic Editions; APPENDIX B. Chronological Table of Editions 327 $aAPPENDIX C. Summary of Editorial Suggestions; BIBLIOGRAPHY; A. Editions and Descriptions of MS. C; Facsimile Editions; Diplomatie Editions; Selected Bibliography of Discussions of MS, C; B. Editions of the Ku?renberg's Poems; Editions of ""Des Minnesangs Fru?hling""; Other Editions; C. Methods and Textual Criticism; D. Literary and Textual Interpretation; E. Reference Works; F. Primary Works Consulted 330 $aDer von Kürenberg was one of the first named poets to write in Middle High German language. This study presents a modified, diplomatic edition of the fifteen strophes text by Der von Kürenberg. It offers a commentary on the original text and discusses the literary and interpretative problems connected with the poet's work. 410 0$aGerman language and literature monographs ;$v4. 606 $aLITERARY CRITICISM / General$2bisacsh 615 7$aLITERARY CRITICISM / General. 676 $a831/.2 700 $aAgler-Beck$b Gayle$01817538 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910968673103321 996 $aDer von Ku?renberg$94375381 997 $aUNINA