LEADER 03845nam 2200673Ia 450 001 9910965604103321 005 20251117065123.0 010 $a1-60344-505-6 035 $a(CKB)2670000000078969 035 $a(OCoLC)607108481 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10447180 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000486934 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11328757 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000486934 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10449745 035 $a(PQKB)11231053 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3037865 035 $a(OCoLC)779276076 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse1205 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3037865 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10447180 035 $a(OCoLC)923700511 035 $a(BIP)35540402 035 $a(BIP)13650439 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000078969 100 $a20120221d2007 ub 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|||||||nn|n 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aReaping a greater harvest $eAfrican Americans, the extension service, and rural reform in Jim Crow Texas /$fDebra A. Reid 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aCollege Station $cTexas A&M University Press$dc2007 215 $a1 online resource (328 p.) 225 1 $aSam Rayburn series on rural life ;$vno. 14 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 08$a1-58544-571-1 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aAfrican Americans and rural reform in Texas, 1891-1914 -- Forming separate bureaucracies : the Negro Division of the Texas Agricultural Extension Service, 1915-20 -- Segregated modernization : taking the message into African American fields and farm homes -- Public reform in black and white : the maturation of a segregated division -- Building segregated social welfare : Texas' Negro Division and Roosevelt's New Deal -- Beyond the farm : cultivating new audiences and support systems at home and abroad -- Separation despite civil rights -- Measuring greater harvests. 330 $aJim Crow laws pervaded the south, reaching from the famous "separate yet equal" facilities to voting discrimination to the seats on buses. Agriculture, a key industry for those southern blacks trying to forge an independent existence, was not immune to the touch of racism, prejudice, and inequality. In "Reaping a Greater Harvest," Debra Reid deftly spotlights the hierarchies of race, class, and gender within the extension service. Black farmers were excluded from cooperative demonstration work in Texas until the Smith-Lever Agricultural Extension act in 1914. However, the resulting Negro Division included a complicated bureaucracy of African American agents who reported to white officials, were supervised by black administrators, and served black farmers. The now-measurable successes of these African American farmers exacerbated racial tensions and led to pressure on agents to maintain the status quo. The bureau that was meant to ensure equality instead became another tool for systematic discrimination and maintenance of the white-dominated southern landscape. Historians of race, gender, and class have joined agricultural historians in roundly praising Reid's work. 410 0$aSam Rayburn series on rural life ;$vno. 14. 606 $aAfrican American agriculturists$zTexas 606 $aAgriculture and state$zTexas 606 $aAfrican Americans$zTexas$xHistory 606 $aRural extension$zTexas 615 0$aAfrican American agriculturists 615 0$aAgriculture and state 615 0$aAfrican Americans$xHistory. 615 0$aRural extension 676 $a630.71/5 700 $aReid$b Debra A.$f1960-$01862420 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910965604103321 996 $aReaping a greater harvest$94475757 997 $aUNINA