LEADER 07089nam 2200613 a 450 001 9910964082703321 005 20251117080516.0 010 $a1-62081-053-0 035 $a(CKB)2670000000160382 035 $a(EBL)3021228 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000689203 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11396704 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000689203 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10618846 035 $a(PQKB)11491417 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3021228 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3021228 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10681428 035 $a(OCoLC)923665270 035 $a(BIP)34223652 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000160382 100 $a20110505d2012 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aFood chains $enew research /$fMelissa A. Jensen and Danielle W. Muller, editors 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aHauppauge, N.Y. $cNova Science Publishers$dc2012 215 $a1 online resource (255 p.) 225 1 $aEnvironmental science, engineering and technology 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a1-61324-377-4 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aIntro -- FOOD CHAINS NEW RESEARCH -- FOOD CHAINS NEW RESEARCH -- Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 CIGUATERA SHELLFISH POISONING (CSP): A NEW ECOTOXICOLOGICAL PHENOMENON FROM CYANOBACTERIA TO HUMANS VIA GIANT CLAMS -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- 2.1. Epidemiological Surveys -- 2.1.1. Lifou (Hunėtė tribe) -- 2.1.2. Emao -- 2.1.3. Raivavae -- 2.2. Examination of Toxic Cyanobacteria -- 2.2.1. Sampling -- 2.2.2. Microscopy and Taxonomic Identification of Cyanobacteria -- 2.3. Extraction and Preparation of Toxic Extracts -- 2.3.1. Cyanobacteria -- 2.3.2. Giant Clams -- 2.3.3. Fishes -- 2.4. Mouse Bioassay (MBA) -- 2.5. Neuroblastoma Cytotoxicity Assay (NCA) -- 2.6. Receptor Binding Assay (RBA) -- 3. RESULTS -- 3.1. Population Interviews -- 3.1.1. Lifou -- 3.1.2. Emao -- 3.1.3. Raivavae -- 3.2. Environmental Observations -- 3.2.1. Lifou -- 3.2.2. Emao -- 3.2.3. Raivavae -- 3.2.3.1. Rairua Bay Area -- 3.2.3.2 "Motu De La Femme" Area -- 3.2.3.3. "Motu Piscine" Area -- 3.3. Toxicological Analysis of Lipid-Soluble Extracts -- 3.3.1. MBA -- a - Cyanobacteria -- b - Giant Clams -- 3.3.2. NCA -- a - Cyanobacteria -- b - Giant Clams -- c - Fish -- 3.3.3. RBA -- a - Cyanobacteria -- b - Giant Clams -- c - Fish -- 3.4. Toxicological Analysis of Water-Soluble Extracts -- 4. DISCUSSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 2 SURVIVAL DOMAIN OF THE TOP-PREDATOR IN LATTICE ECOSYSTEM -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. WHAT IS THE LATTICE MODEL? -- Lattice Model -- Actual Progress of Study -- 3. TOP-PREDATOR DEATH RATE CHANGE SYSTEM -- Model and Method -- Mean Field Theory (MFT) -- Simulation Algorism -- Results of Simulations -- Survival Domain -- Discussions -- 4. PY-TYP AND PA-TYP -- Model -- MFT -- Simulation Algorism -- Simulation Results PY-TYP. 327 $aPY-TYP Local Behaviour -- PY-TYP Global Behaviour -- PA-TYPE -- PA-TYP Local Behaviour -- PA-TYP Global Behaviour -- Spatial Analysis -- Discussions -- 5. BOTTOM-PREY DEATH LATE CHANGE SYSTEM -- Simulation Results -- Survival Domain -- Local Population Dynamics -- Global Population Dynamics -- Special Pattern -- Discussions -- 6. TOP-PREDATION AND -EXPLOITATION -- Model -- MFT -- Simulation Algorism -- Results -- Top's Behavior -- Population Dynamics -- Spatial Pattern -- Discussions -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3 CONTAMINANTS IN THE SOIL CAN ACCUMULATE INTO THE VEGETABLES AND TRANSLOCATE INTO OUR ORGANISM THROUGH THE FOOD CHAIN -- INTRODUCTION -- Metal Absorption by Plants -- Metal Bioavailability -- Plants Response to Heavy Metal Stress -- Mechanisms Involved in Heavy Metal Absorption -- Determination of Trace Element Translocation -- Metal Uptake of Forage Plants -- Arsenic, Chromium, Lead and Cobalt -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- Tests -- Soil Sampling Procedure -- Metal Concentrations -- Plant Species -- Medicago Sativa -- Trifolium incarnatum L. -- Test Procedure -- Analytical Methods -- Metal Concentrations Determination -- RESULTS -- Plants Germination and Growth -- Metal Concentrations -- DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- SUPPLEMENTARY REFERENCE LIST -- Chapter 4 AZOREAN TRADITIONAL CHEESEMAKING: A CASE STUDY PERTAINING TO A UNIQUE FOOD CHAIN -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. OVERALL SOCIO-ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK OF DAIRY FOOD CHAIN -- 4. QUALITY OF MILK AND TRADITIONAL CHEESE TECHNOLOGY -- 3.1. Sanitary Conditions -- 3.2. Traditional Practices -- 3.3. Cheesemaking Protocols -- 3.4. Natural Whey Starters -- 4. MICROBIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY AND SAFETY THROUGHOUT RIPENING -- 4.1. Microbiological Profiles -- 4.2. Microbiological Safety -- 4.3. Physico-Chemical and Biochemical Profiles. 327 $a5. DEVELOPMENT OF TAILOR-MADE STARTER CULTURE -- FINAL REMARKS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5 EVIDENCES OF TROPHIC INTERACTIONS ON HOLOCENE OSTRACOD POPULATIONS OF SOUTHWESTERN SPAIN -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. STUDY AREA -- 3. METHODOLOGY -- 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4.1. Hole Frequency -- 4.2. Location and Number of Drill Holes -- 4.3. Types of Drill Holes -- 4.4. Drill Hole Diameter vs Prey Size -- 4.5. Drill Hole Diameter vs Environment -- 4.6. Predation and Ontogeny -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 6 ARSENIC EXPOSURE THROUGH THE FOOD CHAIN -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- Occurrence of Inorganic Arsenic Compounds -- Occurrence f Organic Arsenic Compounds -- ARSENIC METABOLISM -- Absorption -- Distribution -- Metabolism -- Excretion -- ADVERSE EFFECTS OF ARSENIC: ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF INORGANIC AND ORGANIC ARSENIC COMPOUNDS -- Acute Toxicity -- Chronic Toxicity -- Toxicity of Inorganic Arsenic Compounds -- Toxicity of Organic Arsenic Compounds -- ARSENIC IN THE FOOD CHAIN -- Arsenic Content in Water -- Arsenic Content in Cereals and Vegetables -- Arsenic Content in Animal Products -- Arsenic Content in Seafood -- Arsenic Intake by Food -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- INDEX. 330 $aFood chains are representations of the predator-prey relationships between species within an ecosystem or habitat. This title presents research across a spectrum in the study of food chains, including ciguatera shellfish poisoning; survival domain of the top-predator in lattice ecosystems; and, the Azorean cheesemaking food chain. 410 0$aEnvironmental science, engineering and technology series. 606 $aEnvironmental toxicology 606 $aFood chains (Ecology) 615 0$aEnvironmental toxicology. 615 0$aFood chains (Ecology) 676 $a577/.16 701 $aJensen$b Melissa A$01871466 701 $aMuller$b Danielle W$01871467 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910964082703321 996 $aFood chains$94480303 997 $aUNINA