LEADER 05926oam 22006975 450 001 9910962558403321 005 20251117091558.0 010 $a0-8213-8820-7 024 7 $a10.1596/978-0-8213-8781-8 035 $a(CKB)2550000000058101 035 $a(OCoLC)769188456 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10506415 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000566924 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12273561 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000566924 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10550550 035 $a(PQKB)11622573 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3050851 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3050851 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10506415 035 $a(OCoLC)757104489 035 $a(The World Bank)2011019769 035 $a(US-djbf)16775254 035 $a(BIP)34626428 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000058101 100 $a20110512d2011 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aTowards better infrastructure : $econditions, constraints, and opportunities in financing public-private partnerships : evidence from Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, and Senegal /$fRiham Shendy, Zachary Kaplan, Peter Mousley ; PPIAF 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aWashington DC :$cThe International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank,$d2011. 215 $axii, 61 pages $cillustrations ;$d26 cm 225 0 $aWorld Bank study 300 $a"This report was produced at the request of the Government of Ghana (GOG) under the leadership of the Project Finance and Analysis (PFA) Unit of the Public Investment Department (PID) of the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (MOFEP) and with support from the World Bank and Public Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF)"--Acknowledgements. 311 08$a0-8213-8781-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aBackground: Current status of PPP markets in selected countries. This report -- Sources of financing: Sources of local financing for PPP projects. Local commercial banks. Pension funds. Insurance funds. Local capital market -- Sources of international financing for PPP projects: International commercial banks. Private infrastructure funds. Donor infrastructure funds. Sovereign wealth funds and other public entities -- The legislative and institutional framework -- A well-structured PPP pipeline -- Risk allocation and fiscal management of PPPs -- Medium-term options for PPP financing: Tackling high upfront capital costs. Longer-term local debt financing. Risk mitigation guarantee products. PPP market failures deriving from country size and cross-border infrastructure financing constraints -- Recommendations: Developing long-term financing for infrastructure. Strengthening other aspects of a strong enabling environment. 330 $aExamining innovative ways to address Africa's infrastructure deficit is at the heart of this analysis. Africa's infrastructure stock and quality is among the least developed in the world, a challenge that significantly hinders economic development. It is estimated that the finance required to raise infrastructure in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) to a reasonable level within the next decade is at US$93 billion per year, with two-thirds of this amount needed for capital expenditures. With the existing spending on infrastructure being estimated at US$45 billion per annum and after accounting for potential efficiency gains that could amount to US$17 billion, Africa's infrastructure funding gap remains around US$31 billion a year. One approach to address this challenge is by facilitating the increase of private provision of public infrastructure services through public-private partnerships (PPPs). This approach, which is a relatively new arrangement in SSA is multifaceted and requires strong consensus and collaboration across both public and private sectors. There are several defined models of PPPs. Each type differs in terms of government participation levels, risk allocations, investment responsibilities, operational requirements, and incentives for operators. Our definition of PPPs assumes transactions where the private sector retains a considerable portion of commercial and financial risks associated with a project. In more descriptive terms, among the elements defining the notion of PPPs discussed in this study are: a long-term contract between a public and private sector party; the design, construction, financing, and operation of public infrastructure by the private sector; payment over the life of the PPP contract to the private sector party for the services delivered from the asset; and the facility remaining in public ownership or reverting to public sector ownership at the end of the PPP contract. The observations and policy recommendations that follow draw on ongoing World Bank Group PPP engagements in these countries, including extensive consultations with key public and private sector stakeholders involved in designing, financing, and implementing PPPs. The study is structured around the most inhibiting constraints to developing PPPs, as shared by all six countries. 410 0$aWorld Bank e-Library. 606 $aPublic-private sector cooperation$zAfrica 606 $aPublic works$zAfrica$xFinance 606 $aInfrastructure (Economics)$zAfrica 615 0$aPublic-private sector cooperation 615 0$aPublic works$xFinance. 615 0$aInfrastructure (Economics) 676 $a658.15224 700 $aShendy$b Riham$01811520 701 $aKaplan$b Zachary$01808604 701 $aMousley$b Peter$01471757 712 02$aWorld Bank. 712 02$aPublic-Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility. 801 0$bIEN/DLC 801 1$bDLC 801 2$bDLC 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910962558403321 996 $aTowards better infrastructure$94479532 997 $aUNINA