LEADER 06406nam 2200709 a 450 001 9910961762003321 005 20251116141020.0 010 $a9786610210275 010 $a9781280210273 010 $a1280210273 010 $a9780309592734 010 $a0309592739 010 $a9780585037592 010 $a0585037590 035 $a(CKB)110986584752520 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000143010 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11144460 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000143010 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10109580 035 $a(PQKB)10892929 035 $a(OCoLC)647356172 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3376107 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3376107 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10055101 035 $a(OCoLC)923261164 035 $a(Perlego)4735487 035 $a(BIP)47416101 035 $a(EXLCZ)99110986584752520 100 $a20110328d1998 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 04$aThe ecology of industry $esectors and linkages /$fedited by Deanna J. Richards and Greg Pearson ; National Academy of Engineering 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington D.C. $cNational Academy Press$d1998 215 $aix, 149 p. $cill 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 08$a9780309063555 311 08$a0309063558 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aThe Ecology of Industry -- Copyright -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- THE EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES -- PRIMARY MATERIALS PROCESSING -- MANUFACTURING -- ELECTRIC UNTILITIES -- PULP AND PAPER -- Contents -- Overview and Perspectives -- FIRM MOTIVATION AND EXTERNAL STIMULI -- THE TECHNOLOGICAL LINK IN THE EVOLUTION OF INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS -- INTERCONNECTED COMPLEX SYSTEMS OF PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION -- THE INFORMATION-KNOWLEDGE CONNECTION -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- The Extractive Industries -- INTRODUCTION -- ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP -- ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS -- LIFE-CYCLE PRACTICES -- CULTURAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE -- REFERENCES -- Primary Materials Processing -- SUMMARY -- ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP -- REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS -- LIFE-CYCLE PRACTICES -- CULTURAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE -- REFERENCES -- Manufacturing -- ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP -- The Role of Management -- Stages in the Product Life Cycle -- EFFECT OF REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS -- End-of-Pipe" Laws -- Activities of International Standards-Setting Organizations -- Waste Minimization, Packaging, and Product Take-Back -- Labeling Programs -- ENVIRONMENTAL METRICS -- LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT -- CULTURAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE -- Managing Environmental Costs -- Altering the Structure of Demand -- Recognizing the Key Role of the Designer -- BREAKING BARRIERS AND CREATING OPPORTUNITIES -- Intraorganizational Barriers -- Societal and Institutional Barriers -- UNRESOLVED QUESTIONS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- The Electric Utility Industry -- SUMMARY -- BEYOND COMPLIANCE TO STEWARDSHIP -- PURSUING ENVIRONMENTAL EXCELLENCE -- THE IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION -- THE IMPORTANCE OF MEASURING ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE -- THE UNIQUE CONTRIBUTIONS AND CAPABILITIES OF ELECTRICITY -- Beneficial Electrification -- Industrial Electrotechnologies. 327 $aElectrotechnologies for Municipal Water and Waste Treatment -- Medical-Waste Treatment -- Transportation -- HOW ELECTRIC UTILITIES ARE ADDRESSING POLLUTION PREVENTION -- Use of High-Volume By-Products -- Management of Low-Volume or Noncombustion Waste -- TOWARD A MORE SYSYEMATIC APPROACH: LIFE-CYCLE COST MANAGEMENT, WASTE ACCOUNTING AND RISK MANAGEMENT -- Full-Cost Accounting -- CONCLUSION -- NOTE -- REFERENCES -- The Pulp and Paper Industry -- INTRODUCTION -- ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP -- Silviculture: Managed Forestry -- Harvesting Methods -- Protection of Threatened and Endangered Species -- Potential Restrictions on Wood Harvesting -- Turning Wood into Paper -- The Pulping Process -- Bleaching of Pulp -- Meeting Environmental Challenges Head On -- Conserving Water and Treating Wastewater -- Solid Waste Disposal -- Controlling Spills and Leaks -- Conserving Energy -- Controlling Odor -- CURRENT AND FUTURE TRENDS SHAPING TECHNOLOGY IN THE INDUSTRY -- Minimal-Impact Philosophy -- Paper Recycling -- Other Factors -- REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS -- Regulatory Trends: Where We Are Today -- The Industry's Record -- Regulatory Trends: Where we are Headed -- The Current Regulatory Process -- Litigation -- NONREGULATORY ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURES -- ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE METRICS -- Life-Cycle Assessment -- THE CHANGING CORPORATE CULTURE -- Voluntary Programs -- The Role of Public Opinion and Customer Demands -- Shaping a Positive Future -- IMPROVING INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTICES -- Setting Environmental Objectives -- Enhancing Public Understanding of Environmental Science -- Creating Incentives and Encouraging Flexibility -- Facility Modernization -- Creating a Climate for Innovation -- Encouraging Cautious Consideration of Life-Cycle Assessment -- REFERENCES -- Biographical Data. 330 $aThis volume provides insights into the environmental practices of five industry sectors: materials processing, manufacturing, electric utilities, and pulp and paper. The ecology of industry is presented in terms of systems of production and consumption, taking into account the flows of material, energy, capital, and information. The book examines ways to improve the environmental performance of these industries (and others, such as the service sector) and shows how decisions made by industry managers can leverage systemic environmental improvements elsewhere in the economy. 606 $aManufacturing industries$xEnvironmental aspects 606 $aElectric utilities$xEnvironmental aspects 606 $aWood-pulp industry$xEnvironmental aspects 615 0$aManufacturing industries$xEnvironmental aspects. 615 0$aElectric utilities$xEnvironmental aspects. 615 0$aWood-pulp industry$xEnvironmental aspects. 676 $a363.73/1 701 $aRichards$b Deanna J$01808304 701 $aPearson$b Greg$01808305 712 02$aNational Academy of Engineering. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910961762003321 996 $aThe ecology of industry$94358484 997 $aUNINA