LEADER 12404nam 22007814a 450 001 9910960895603321 005 20251117114902.0 010 $a0-309-16816-3 010 $a1-280-17995-3 010 $a9786610179954 010 $a0-309-53946-3 035 $a(CKB)111069351132886 035 $a(OCoLC)794856158 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10060375 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000276653 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12096610 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000276653 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10226137 035 $a(PQKB)10953413 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3376808 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3376808 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10060375 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL17995 035 $a(OCoLC)923266242 035 $a(BIP)53854039 035 $a(BIP)15124292 035 $a(EXLCZ)99111069351132886 100 $a20070309d2003 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aAcute exposure guideline levels for selected airborne chemicals /$fSubcommittee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels, Committee on Toxicology, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission of Life Sciences, National Research Council 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academy Press$dc2003 215 $a1 online resource (515 p.) 225 1 $aThe compass series 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 08$a0-309-08883-6 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aAcute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals -- Copyright -- OTHER REPORTS OF THE BOARD ON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND TOXICOLOGY -- Preface -- Dedication -- Contents -- Introduction -- SUMMARY OF REPORT ON GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING AEGLS -- REVIEW OF AEGL REPORTS -- REFERENCES -- Roster of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances -- Appendixes -- 1 Nerve Agents GA, GB, GD, GF, and VX -- SUMMARY -- Derivation of G-Agent AEGL Estimates -- AEGL-1 and AEGL-2 Values for G-series Agents -- AEGL-3 Values for G-Series Agents -- Derivation of Agent VX AEGL Estimates -- Research Needs -- G-Series Agents -- Agent VX -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. HUMAN TOXICITY DATA -- 2.1. Acute Lethality -- G Agents -- Agent VX -- 2.1.1. Case Reports -- Agent GB -- 2.2. Nonlethal Toxicity -- 2.2.1. Case Reports -- Agent GB -- 2.2.2. Acute Studies -- Agent GB -- Agent GD -- Agent GA -- Agent VX -- 2.2.3. Epidemiologic Studies -- 2.3. Neurotoxicity -- 2.4. Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity -- 2.5. Genotoxicity -- 2.6. Carcinogenicity -- 2.7. Summary -- G-series Agents -- Agent VX -- 3. ANIMAL TOXICITY DATA -- 3.1. Acute Lethality -- 3.1.1. Nonhuman Primates -- Agent GB -- Agent GA -- Agent GD -- 3.1.2. Dogs -- Agent GB -- Agent GA -- Agent VX -- 3.1.3. Rats -- Agent GB -- Agent GA -- Agent GD -- Agent GF -- Agent VX -- 3.1.4. Mice -- Agent GB -- Agent GD -- Agent GF -- Agent VX -- 3.1.5. Guinea pigs -- Agent GB -- Agent GD -- Agent VX -- 3.1.6. Rabbits -- Agent GB -- Agent GA -- Agent VX -- 3.1.7. Cats -- 3.1.8. Goats -- Agent VX -- 3.1.9. Hamsters -- Agent VX -- 3.1.10. Summary of Acute Lethality Data in Animals -- 3.2. Nonlethal Toxicity -- 3.2.1. Nonhuman Primates -- Agent GB -- Agent GD -- 3.2.2. Dogs -- Agent GB -- 3.2.3. Rats -- Agent GB -- Agent GD -- Agent GF -- Agent VX -- 3.2.4. Mice -- Agent GB. 327 $aAgent VX -- 3.2.5. Guinea pigs -- Agent GB -- Agent GD -- Agent VX -- 3.2.6. Rabbits -- Agent VX -- 3.2.7. Summary of Nonlethal Toxicity in Animals -- 3.3. Neurotoxicity -- 3.4. Developmental and Reproductive Effects -- 3.4.1. Rats -- Agent GB -- Agent GA -- Agent GD -- Agent VX -- 3.4.2. Guinea Pigs -- 3.4.3. Rabbits -- Agent GB -- Agent GA -- Agent GD -- Agent VX -- 3.4.4. Sheep -- Agent VX -- 3.4.5. Summary -- 3.5. Genotoxicity -- Agent GB -- Agent GA -- Agent VX -- Summary -- 3.6. Carcinogenicity -- Agent GB -- Agent GA -- Agent VX -- Summary -- 3.7. Summary -- G Agents -- Agent VX -- 4. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS -- 4.1. Metabolism, Toxicokinetics, and Disposition -- 4.1.1. Absorption -- 4.1.2. Toxicokinetics -- 4.1.3. Disposition and Metabolism -- 4.1.4. Distribution and Excretion -- 4.2. Mechanism of Toxicity -- 4.3. Relative Toxic Potency -- 4.3.1. In Vitro Potency -- 4.3.2. In Vivo Potency -- G Agents -- Agent VX -- Human Estimates ofGB and VX Toxicity -- 4.3.3. Comparison of Exposure Standards -- G-Series Agents -- Agent VX -- 4.3.4. Selection of Nerve Agent Potency Values for Use in Deriving AEGLs -- G Agents -- Agent VX -- 4.4. Structure-Activity Relationships -- 4.5. Other Relevant Information -- 4.5.1. Breathing Rates and Toxicity -- 4.5.2. Delayed Neuropathy -- G Agents -- Agent VX -- 4.5.3. Intra- and Interspecies Variability in Esterase Activity and Response to Nerve Agents -- Intraspecies Variability -- Interspecies Variability -- G-series Agents -- Agent VX -- 4.5.4. Unique Physicochemical Properties -- 4.5.5. Concurrent Exposure Issues -- Multiple Exposures to Similar Chemicals -- Multiple Exposure Through Different Exposure Pathways -- 4.5.6. Critical Effect End Point -- 5. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-1 -- 5.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-1 -- G-Series Agents -- Agent VX -- 5.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-1. 327 $aG-Series Agents -- Agent VX -- 5.3. Derivation of AEGL-1 for Agent GB -- Derivation of AEGL-1 Values Using Animal Data -- 5.4. Derivation of AEGL-1 Values for Agents GA, GD, and GF -- 5.5. Derivation of AEGL-1 for Agent VX -- 6. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-2 -- 6.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-2 -- 6.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-2 -- 6.3. Derivation of AEGL-2 for Agent GB -- 6.4. Derivation of AEGL-2 Values for Agents GA, GD, and GF -- 6.5. Derivation of AEGL-2 Values for Agent VX -- 7. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-3 -- 7.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-3 -- 7.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-3 -- Agent GB -- Agent GD -- Agent GF -- 7.3. Derivation of AEGL-3 for Agents GB and GD -- Agent GB -- Benchmark Exposure Analyses -- Agent GD -- 7.4. Derivation of AEGL-3 Values for Agents GA and GF -- 7.5. Derivation of AEGL-3 Values for Agent VX -- 8. SUMMARY OF AEGLS -- 8.1. AEGL Values and Toxicity End Points -- G-Series Agents -- Agent VX -- 8.2. Comparison with other Standards and Criteria -- G Agents -- Agent VX -- 8.3. Data Adequacy and Research Needs -- G Agents -- Agent VX -- 9. REFERENCES -- Appendixes -- APPENDIX A DERIVATION OF AEGL VALUES -- Derivation of AEGL-1 -- Derivation of AEGL-1 for Agent GB (Sarin) from Human Data Set -- Derivation of AEGL-2 for Agent GB (Sarin) -- Derivation of AEGL-3 for Agent GB (Sarin) -- Derivation of AEGL-3 for Agent GD (Alternate Estimate) -- Derivation of AEGL-1 for Agent VX Vapor from Agent GB Toxicity Data -- Derivation of AEGL-2 for Agent VX Vapor from Agent GB Toxicity Data -- Derivation of AEGL-3 for Agent VX Vapor from Agent GB Toxicity Data -- APPENDIX B Concentration-Time Curve for Sarin-Induced Miosis in Humans and Lethality in SD Rats -- APPENDIX C Benchmark Exposure Analysis of GB Vapor Lethality Data for Female SD Rats. 327 $aAPPENDIX D DERIVATION SUMMARY FOR ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS FOR NERVE AGENTS -- Derivation Summary For Agent GA (CAS No. 77-81-6) (Tabun -- Dimethylamidocyanophosphate) -- Derivation Summary for Agent GB (CAS No. 107-44-8) (Sarin -- Isopropylmethylphosphonofluoridate) -- Derivation Summary for Agent GD (CAS No. 96-64-0) (Soman -- Pinacolyl Methylphosphonofluoridate) -- Derivation Summary for Agent GF (CAS No. 329-99-7) (O-cyclohexyl-methlyfluorophosphonate) -- Derivation Summary for Agent VX Vapor (CAS No. 50782-69-9) (O-Ethyl-S-(Isopropyl-Aminoethyl)Methyl P ... -- 2 Sulfur Mustard (Agent HD) -- SUMMARY -- I. INTRODUCTION -- 2. HUMAN TOXICITY DATA -- 2.1. Acute Lethality -- 2.2. Nonlethal Toxicity -- 2.2.1. Epidemiologic Studies -- 2.3. Neurotoxicity -- 2.4. Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity -- 2.5. Genotoxicity -- 2.6. Carcinogenicity -- 2.7. Summary -- 3. ANIMAL TOXICITY DATA -- 3.1. Acute Lethality -- 3.1.1. Rats -- 3.1.2 Mice -- 3.1.3. Guinea pigs -- 3.2. Nonlethal Toxicity -- 3.2.1. Dogs -- 3.2.2. Rats -- 3.2.3. Mice -- 3.2.4. Rabbits -- 3.2.5. Guinea pigs -- 3.3. Neurotoxicity -- 3.4. Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity -- 3.5. Genotoxicity -- 3.6. Chronic Toxicity and Carcinogenicity -- 3.7. Summary -- 4. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS -- 4.1. Metabolism and Disposition -- 4.2. Mechanism of Toxicity -- 4.3. Structure-Activity Relationships -- 4.4. Other Relevant Information -- 4.4.1. Species Variability -- 5. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-1 -- 5.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-1 -- 5.2. SUMMARY OF ANIMAL DATA RELEVANT TO AEGL-1 -- 5.3. Derivation of AEGL-1 -- 6. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-2 -- 6.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-2 -- 6.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-2 -- 6.3. Derivation of AEGL-2 -- 7. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-3 -- 7.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-3. 327 $a7.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-3 -- 7.3. Derivation of AEGL-3 -- 8. SUMMARY OF AEGLS -- 8.1. AEGL Values and Toxicity End Points -- 8.2. Comparison with Other Standards and Guidelines -- 8.3. Data Adequacy and Research Needs -- 9. REFERENCES -- Appendixes -- APPENDIX A Derivations of AEGL Values -- Derivation of AEGL-1 -- Derivation of AEGL-2 -- Derivation of AEGL-3 -- APPENDIX B Determination of Temporal Scaling Factor (n) for AEGL Derivations -- APPENDIX C Carcinogenicity Assessment for Acute Exposure to Sulfur Mustard (Agent HD) -- APPENDIX D -- Sulfur Mustard (CAS NO. 505-60-2) -- 3 Methyl Isocyanate -- SUMMARY -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. HUMAN TOXICITY DATA -- 2.1. Bhopal Disaster -- 2.2. Nonlethal Toxicity -- 2.2.1. Case Reports -- 2.2.2. Experimental Studies -- 2.3. Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity -- 2.4. Genotoxicity -- 2.5. Carcinogenicity -- 2.6. Summary -- 3. ANIMAL TOXICITY DATA -- 3.1. Acute Lethality -- 3.1.1. Rabbits -- 3.1.2. Guinea Pigs -- 3.1.3. Rats -- 3.1.4. Mice -- 3.2. Nonlethal Toxicity -- 3.2.1. Guinea Pigs -- 3.2.2. Rats -- 3.2.3. Mice -- 3.3. Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity -- 3.4. Genotoxicity -- 3.5. Chronic Toxicity and Carcinogenicity -- 3.6. Summary -- 4. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS -- 4.1. Metabolism and Disposition -- 4.2. Mechanism of Toxicity -- 4.3. Other Relevant Information -- 4.3.1. Species Variability -- 4.3.2. Concentration-Exposure Duration Relationship -- 5. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-1 -- 5.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-1 -- 5.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-1 -- 5.3. Derivation of AEGL-1 -- 6. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-2 -- 6.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-2 -- 6.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-2 -- 6.3. Derivation of AEGL-2 -- 7. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-3 -- 7.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-3. 327 $a7.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-3. 330 $aThis report reviews documents on acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for nerve agents GA (tabun), GB (sarin), GD (soman), GD, and VX, sulfur mustard, diborane, and methyl isocyanate. The documents were developed by the National Advisory Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals (NAC). The subcommittee concludes that the AEGLs developed in those documents are scientifically valid conclusions based on data reviewed by NAC and are consistent with the NRC reports on developing acute exposure guideline levels. 410 0$aCompass series (Washington, D.C.) 606 $aGases, Asphyxiating and poisonous 606 $aHazardous substances$xEnvironmental aspects 606 $aHazardous substances$xHealth aspects 606 $aChemicals$xPhysiological effect 606 $aChemicals$xHealth aspects 615 0$aGases, Asphyxiating and poisonous. 615 0$aHazardous substances$xEnvironmental aspects. 615 0$aHazardous substances$xHealth aspects. 615 0$aChemicals$xPhysiological effect. 615 0$aChemicals$xHealth aspects. 676 $a615.9/1 712 02$aNational Research Council (U.S.).$bSubcommittee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910960895603321 996 $aAcute exposure guideline levels for selected airborne chemicals$92610632 997 $aUNINA