LEADER 07087nam 2200685 a 450 001 9910960839303321 005 20251017110103.0 010 $a9786610221837 010 $a9781280221835 010 $a1280221836 010 $a9780309542593 010 $a0309542596 010 $a9780585142913 010 $a0585142912 035 $a(CKB)110986584750762 035 $a(OCoLC)44965973 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10062848 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000100735 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11111469 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000100735 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10038393 035 $a(PQKB)10885501 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3376963 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3376963 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10062848 035 $a(OCoLC)940510410 035 $a(Perlego)4734242 035 $a(DNLM)632079 035 $a(BIP)33043 035 $a(EXLCZ)99110986584750762 100 $a19860917d1986 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 14$aThe airliner cabin environment $eair quality and safety /$fCommittee on Airliner Cabin Air Quality, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academy Press$d1986 215 $a1 online resource (319 p.) 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 08$a9780309036900 311 08$a0309036909 320 $aIncludes bibliographies. 327 $aThe Airliner Cabin Environment -- Copyright -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- CABIN AIR QUALITY -- Carbon Dioxide -- Humidity -- Ozone -- Environmental Tobacco Smoke -- Aerosols -- Cabin Environment -- EMERGENCY SITUATIONS AND PROCEDURES -- WORLDWIDE AIRLINE REGULATIONS -- FEASIBILITY OF DATA COLLECTION -- Introduction -- STRUCTURE OF REPORT -- PROBLEMS IN STUDYING AIRLINER CABIN AIR QUALITY -- PROBLEMS IN STUDYING THE HEALTH EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH AIRLINER CABIN AIR QUALITY -- REFERENCES -- 1 Profile of Commercial Air Travel -- PASSENGERS -- FLIGHT ATTENDANTS AND FLIGHT CREW -- THE U.S. AIRLINE INDUSTRY -- FAA DATA ON SELECTED INCIDENTS -- REFERENCES -- 2 Environmental Control Systems on Commercial Passenger Aircraft -- DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEMS -- Compressed-Air Sources -- The Environmental Control Unit -- Air Distribution -- Exhaust Systems -- Recirculation Systems -- Temperature Control -- Pressure Control -- PERFORMANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEMS -- Load Factors -- EFFECT OF VENTILATION ON TOTAL CABIN ENVIRONMENT -- Ventilation and Contamination -- Air Velocity and Cabin Flow Patterns -- Relative Humidity -- Ozone -- Effect of Recirculation on Contamination -- Cost of Ventilation -- REFERENCES -- 3 Standards, Regulations, and Industry Practices -- U.S. REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS -- Ventilation -- Ozone -- Fires -- Depressurization -- Medical Emergencies -- Ditching and Evacuation -- Additional Passenger Briefings -- FOREIGN REGULATIONS -- INDUSTRY OPERATING PROCEDURES -- FAA INVESTIGATION AND ENFORCEMENT -- Investigation of Violations -- Enforcement Actions -- Review and Appeal -- Effectiveness and Adequacy of FAA Inspection and Enforcement -- ADEQUACY AND EFFICACY OF PASSENGER SAFETY INFORMATION -- Factors Influencing Passenger Emergency Behavior. 327 $aAttention, Comprehension, and Recall under Stress -- Improving Passenger Safety Briefings -- OVERVIEW -- REFERENCES -- 4 Air Quality in Emergency Situations -- ONBOARD FIRES -- Inhibiting Ignition -- Materials Testing and Selection -- Smoke Detection and Firefighting -- Removal of Toxic Fumes -- Individual Smoke and Fume Protection -- Emergency Escape -- Passenger Safety Briefings -- DEPRESSURIZATION -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 5 Cabin Air Pollutants: Sources and Exposures -- OZONE -- Ozone in Commercial Aircraft Cabins -- Health Effects of Ozone under High-Altitude Conditions -- Groups at Increased Risk of Health Effects -- Recommendations -- COSMIC RADIATION -- Characteristics of Cosmic Radiation -- Exposure of Passengers and Crew -- Radiation Exposure in Aircraft and from Other Natural Sources -- Groups at Increased Risk of Health Effects -- GROUND FUMES -- ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE -- Aircraft Ventilation and Smoke Concentrations -- Concentrations of ETS Constituents Measured on Aircraft -- Standards for Other Environments -- Exposure to ETS on Airliners -- Health Effects in Airplanes -- Health Effects in Other Environments -- Groups at Increased Risk -- Prevention of Exposure to ETS -- Summary -- BIOLOGIC AEROSOLS -- Types of Biologic Pollutants Possible in Aircraft -- Sources of Biologic Pollutants -- Factors Affecting Airborne Concentrations of Biologic Pollutants and their Health Effects -- Airborne Concentrations Necessary to Cause Health Effects or Discomfort -- Available Data -- Available Predictive Data from Other Sources -- Available Data on Aircraft -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- RELATIVE HUMIDITY -- Aircraft Ventilation and Relative Humidity -- Measured Relative Humidity in Aircraft -- Standards for Other Environments -- Effects of Low Relative Humidity on Passengers and Crew. 327 $aReported Health Effects of Low Relative Humidity in Other Environments -- Summary -- PRESSURIZATION -- CARBON DIOXIDE -- OTHER POTENTIAL EXPOSURES -- REFERENCES -- 6 Health Effects Associated with Exposure to Airliner Cabin Air -- HEALTH EFFECTS OF CONCERN -- Irritation and Inflammation -- Infection -- Respiratory Impairment -- Cardiovascular Effects -- Neoplasms -- Reproductive Disorders -- Miscellaneous -- Summary -- MONITORING AND SURVEILLANCE OF CREW AND PASSENGER HEALTH -- Pilots -- Flight Attendants and Passengers -- FAA Surveillance Activities -- GROUPS AT INCREASED RISK -- REFERENCES -- 7 Desirability and Feasibility of Additional Data Collection -- GENERAL CONCEPTS AND APPROACHES -- MEASURES OF AIRLINER CABIN AIR QUALITY -- MEASURES OF HEALTH EFFECTS -- OTHER SUBJECTS -- REFERENCES -- Appendix A A Computer Model for Assessing Airliner Cabin Air Quality -- CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT -- MATHEMATICAL DEVELOPMENT -- OPERATING PROCEDURES -- SIMULATING AIRLINER AIR QUALITY -- REFERENCES -- Appendix B Selected Material from the FAA Accident/Incident Data System -- Appendix C Airliner Cabin Safety Regulations and Standards -- REFERENCES -- Glossary. 330 $aEach year Americans take more than 300 million plane trips staffed by a total of some 70,000 flight attendants. The health and safety of these individuals are the focus of this volume from the Committee on Airliner Cabin Air Quality. 606 $aAircraft cabins$xHealth aspects 606 $aIndoor air pollution 615 0$aAircraft cabins$xHealth aspects. 615 0$aIndoor air pollution. 676 $a363.7/293 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910960839303321 996 $aThe airliner cabin environment$94362861 997 $aUNINA