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Pandora Sicilia s.r.l. 082 04$a871 100 1 $aHauck, Karl$0185154 245 10$aKarolingische taufpfalzen im spiegel hofnaher dichtung :$büberlegungen zur ausmalung von pfalzkirchen, pfalzen und reichsklöstern /$cKarl Hauck 260 $aGöttingen :$bVandenhoeck & Ruprecht,$c1985 300 $a95 p. :$bill. ;$c26 cm 440 0$aNachrichten der Akademie der wissenschaften.$pPhilologisch-historische klasse ;$vJahrg. 1985/1 650 4$aPoesia latina 907 $a.b12373114$b02-04-14$c08-10-03 912 $a991003048629707536 945 $aLE002 SP 930/001 (1985)$g1$i2002000125514$lle002$o-$pE0.00$q-$rl$so $t0$u0$v0$w0$x0$y.i12778205$z08-10-03 996 $aKarolingische taufpfalzen im spiegel hofnaher dichtung$9170085 997 $aUNISALENTO 998 $ale002$b08-10-03$cm$da $e-$fger$ggw $h0$i1 LEADER 04496oam 22010694 450 001 9910960625503321 005 20250426110821.0 010 $a9786612840715 010 $a9781462375981 010 $a1462375987 010 $a9781452717807 010 $a145271780X 010 $a9781451869774 010 $a1451869770 010 $a9781282840713 010 $a1282840711 035 $a(CKB)3170000000055023 035 $a(EBL)1607868 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000943985 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11559067 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000943985 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10983250 035 $a(PQKB)11326098 035 $a(OCoLC)276785198 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1607868 035 $a(IMF)WPIEE2008117 035 $a(IMF)WPIEA2008117 035 $aWPIEA2008117 035 $a(EXLCZ)993170000000055023 100 $a20020129d2008 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aCalculating Sustainable Non-mineral Balances as Benchmarks for Fiscal Policy : $eThe Case of Botswana /$fJens Clausen 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2008. 215 $a1 online resource (17 p.) 225 1 $aIMF Working Papers 225 0$aIMF working paper ;$vWP/08/117 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a9781451914313 311 08$a1451914318 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aContents; I. Introduction; II. Fiscal Policy in Resource-Rich Countries:; A. International Experience; B. The Permanent Income Hypothesis; C. Mathematical Representation of How to Calculate Benchmarks; III. The Case of Botswana; A. Background; B. Calculating Sustainable Non-mineral Balances for Botswana; Figures; 1 Botswana: Mineral Revenues, Annuity, and Asset Accumulation; Table; 1. Botswana: Fiscal Sustainability Benchmarks; C. Sensitivity Analysis; 2. Botswana: Sensitivity Analysis for Benchmarked Balances; 3. Botswana: Mineral Revenues, Annuity, and Asset Accumulation; IV. Conclusions 327 $aReferences 330 3 $aAssuming a social welfare function that smoothes expenditure, this paper calculates a sustainability benchmark for the non-mineral balance in Botswana that is based on a notion of a "permanent income" from non-renewable resources. It is derived by constructing a hypothetical annuity from revenues from these resources, which is held constant in terms of GDP. Botswana is an interesting case because current projections suggest that diamond resources could be largely exhausted within a generation. 410 0$aIMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;$vNo. 2008/117 606 $aFiscal policy$zBotswana 606 $aRevenue$zBotswana 606 $aAgricultural and Natural Resource Economics$2imf 606 $aEnvironmental and Ecological Economics: General$2imf 606 $aEnvironmental management$2imf 606 $aFiscal Policy$2imf 606 $aFiscal policy$2imf 606 $aFiscal stance$2imf 606 $aIncome$2imf 606 $aMacroeconomics$2imf 606 $aNatural Resources$2imf 606 $aNatural resources$2imf 606 $aNon-renewable resources$2imf 606 $aNonrenewable Resources and Conservation: General$2imf 606 $aPersonal income$2imf 606 $aPersonal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions$2imf 606 $aPublic Finance$2imf 607 $aBotswana$xEconomic conditions$y1966- 607 $aBotswana$2imf 615 0$aFiscal policy 615 0$aRevenue 615 7$aAgricultural and Natural Resource Economics 615 7$aEnvironmental and Ecological Economics: General 615 7$aEnvironmental management 615 7$aFiscal Policy 615 7$aFiscal policy 615 7$aFiscal stance 615 7$aIncome 615 7$aMacroeconomics 615 7$aNatural Resources 615 7$aNatural resources 615 7$aNon-renewable resources 615 7$aNonrenewable Resources and Conservation: General 615 7$aPersonal income 615 7$aPersonal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions 615 7$aPublic Finance 676 $a339.09689709049 700 $aClausen$b Jens$01815929 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910960625503321 996 $aCalculating Sustainable Non-mineral Balances as Benchmarks for Fiscal Policy$94371554 997 $aUNINA