LEADER 06010nam 22006974a 450 001 9910960097603321 005 20251116141302.0 010 $a9786610185399 010 $a9780309171502 010 $a0309171504 010 $a9781280185397 010 $a1280185392 010 $a9780309569880 010 $a0309569885 035 $a(CKB)110986584753570 035 $a(EBL)3377341 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000109072 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11125194 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000109072 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10045333 035 $a(PQKB)11201162 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3377341 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3377341 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10071366 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL18539 035 $a(OCoLC)923269905 035 $a(Perlego)4736606 035 $a(BIP)7026552 035 $a(EXLCZ)99110986584753570 100 $a20001130d2001 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aBasic research opportunities in earth science /$fCommittee on Basic Research Opportunities in the Earth Sciences, Board on Earth Sciences and Resources, Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, National Research Council 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academy Press$dc2001 215 $a1 online resource (168 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a9780309071338 311 08$a030907133X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $a""BASIC RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES IN Earth Science""; ""Copyright""; ""Acknowledgments""; ""Preface""; ""Contents""; ""Executive Summary""; ""OPPORTUNITIES FOR BASIC RESEARCH""; ""PRINCIPAL FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""Long-Term Support of Investigator-Driven Science""; ""Mechanisms for Multidisciplinary Research""; ""Instrumentation and Facilities""; ""Education""; ""PARTNERSHIPS IN EARTH SCIENCE""; ""REQUIRED RESOURCES""; ""1 Basic Earth Science and Society ""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""Role of the National Science Foundation""; ""Organization of the Report"" 327 $a""APPLICATIONS OF BASIC EARTH SCIENCE TO NATIONAL PROBLEMS""""Natural Resources""; ""Energy""; ""Minerals and Other Raw Materials""; ""Water""; ""Soil""; ""Natural Hazards""; ""Geoscience-Based Engineering""; ""The Environment""; ""National Defense and Global Security""; ""THE AGENDA FOR BASIC RESEARCH""; ""Reading the Record of Terrestrial Change and Extreme Events""; ""Observing the Active Earth""; ""2 Science Opportunities ""; ""THE CRITICAL ZONE: EARTHa???S NEAR-SURFACE ENVIRONMENT""; ""Science Opportunities""; ""Global Climate Change and the Terrestrial Carbon Cycle"" 327 $a""The Interactions of Life, Water, and Minerals""""The Land-Ocean Interface""; ""Tectonics, Climate, and Weathering""; ""Earth History""; ""New Tools and Observations""; ""Need for Coordinated Field Work and Integrated Modeling""; ""GEOBIOLOGY""; ""Recent Advances""; ""Climate Studies""; ""Biological Controls on Earth Chemistry""; ""Molecular Geobiology""; ""Evolutionary Innovations""; ""Environmental and Ecological Dynamics""; ""New Tools and Capabilities""; ""Science Goals and Challenges""; ""EARTH AND PLANETARY MATERIALS""; ""Recent Advances""; ""Science Opportunities"" 327 $a""Development of Intense Neutron Beams and Other Powerful New Probes of Material Properties""""Retrieval of Samples From Other Planets, Interplanetary Space, and Comets""; ""Application of Molecular Biology to Earth Materials""; ""Long-Term Observations in Natural Laboratories""; ""THE CONTINENTS""; ""Recent Advances""; ""Science Opportunities""; ""Surface Processes, Climate, and Tectonics""; ""Active Deformation""; ""Fluids in the Crust""; ""Lower Continental Crust""; ""Continental Deep Structure""; ""EarthScopea???A Major Initiative""; ""DEEP INTERIOR""; ""Major Areas of Investigation"" 327 $a""Mantle Convection and Geochemical Reservoirs""""The Core-Mantle Boundary (CMB)""; ""The Core Dynamo and Magnetic Field""; ""Inner Core""; ""Disciplinary Advances""; ""Seismology""; ""Geomagnetic Studies""; ""Geochemistry Studies""; ""High-Pressure Studies of Earth Materials""; ""THE PLANETS""; ""Promise of Planetary Exploration""; ""Science Opportunities""; ""Analytical Challenges""; ""3 Findings and Recommendations ""; ""LONG-TERM SUPPORT OF INVESTIGATOR-DRIVEN SCIENCE""; ""Geobiology""; ""Earth and Planetary Materials""; ""Hydrology, Geology, and the Critical Zone""; ""Hydrology"" 327 $a""Geology"" 330 $aBasic Research Opportunities in Earth Science identifies areas of high-priority research within the purview of the Earth Science Division of the National Science Foundation, assesses cross-disciplinary connections, and discusses the linkages between basic research and societal needs. Opportunities in Earth science have been opened up by major improvements in techniques for reading the geological record of terrestrial change, capabilities for observing active processes in the present-day Earth, and computational technologies for realistic simulations of dynamic geosystems. This book examines six specific areas in which the opportunities for basic research are especially compelling, including integrative studies of the near-surface environment (the "Critical Zone"); geobiology; Earth and planetary materials; investigations of the continents; studies of Earth's deep interior; and planetary science. It concludes with a discussion of mechanisms for exploiting these research opportunities, including EarthScope, natural laboratories, and partnerships. 517 3 $aEarth science 606 $aEarth sciences$xResearch$zUnited States 615 0$aEarth sciences$xResearch 676 $a550/.7/2073 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910960097603321 996 $aBasic research opportunities in earth science$94354640 997 $aUNINA