LEADER 06813nam 2200913 a 450 001 9910960079603321 005 20251017110053.0 010 $a9786610193486 010 $a9781280193484 010 $a1280193484 010 $a9780309593144 010 $a030959314X 010 $a9780585053134 010 $a0585053138 035 $a(CKB)110986584751448 035 $a(EBL)3377839 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000228012 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12085140 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000228012 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10141797 035 $a(PQKB)11272729 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3377839 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3377839 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10075672 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL19348 035 $a(OCoLC)923273498 035 $a(DNLM)786899 035 $a(BIP)1294261 035 $a(EXLCZ)99110986584751448 100 $a19940815d1994 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aProceedings $eWorkshop on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs /$fPanel on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs, Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, National Research Council and Institute of Medicine 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, DC $cNational Academy Press$d1994 215 $a1 online resource (320 p.) 300 $aProject was sponsored by the National Institute on Drug Abuse. 300 $aWorkshop was held on September 27-28, 1993 in Baltimore, Maryland. 300 $aPanel chairman: Lincoln Moses. 311 08$aPrint version: Staff, National Research Council. Workshop on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs Proceedings. Washington : National Academies Press, ©1993 9780309050845 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $a""Proceedings Workshop on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs""; ""Copyright""; ""Contents""; ""PREFACE""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""REFERENCES""; ""U.S. NEEDLE EXCHANGE DATA""; ""The University of California Needle Exchange Program Evaluation Project: Methods, Conclusions, and Recommendation ""; ""METHODS""; ""Project Personnel""; ""Goal and Research Questions""; ""Ensuring Community and Expert Input""; ""Advisory Committee""; ""Expert Reviewers""; ""Kaiser Family Foundation Forum""; ""Consent and Confidentiality""; ""Formal Review of Existing Research""; ""Assessment of Data Needs"" 327 $a""Data Collection""""Data Synthesis""; ""Site Visits""; ""Identification of Sites and Interviewees""; ""Methodological Framework""; ""Training""; ""Site Observations""; ""Key Informant Interviews""; ""IDU Focus Groups""; ""Qualitative Analysis""; ""Mail Survey of NEPs Not Visited""; ""Cost-Effectiveness Modeling""; ""CONCLUSIONS""; ""How and Why Did NEPs Develop?""; ""How Do NEPs Operate?""; ""Do NEPs Act as Bridges to Public Health Services?""; ""How Much Does it Cost to Operate NEPs?""; ""Who Are the IDUs Who Use NEPs?""; ""What Proportion of All IDUs in a Community Uses the NEP?"" 327 $a""What Are the Community Responses to NEPs?""""Do NEPs Result in Changes in Community Levels of Drug Use?""; ""Do NEPs Affect the Number of Discarded Syringes?""; ""Do NEPs Affect Rates of HIV Drug and/or Sex Risk Behaviors?""; ""What is the Role of Studies of Syringes in Injection Drug Use Research?""; ""Do NEPs Affect Rates of Diseases Related to Injection Drug Use Other than HIV?""; ""Do NEPs Affect HIV Infection Rates?""; ""Are NEPs Cost-effective in Preventing HIV Infection?""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""Recommendations for the Federal Government""; ""Recommendations for State Governments"" 327 $a""Recommendations for Researchers""""APPENDIX""; ""Research Questions""; ""References""; ""Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B Virus in Users of the Tacoma Syringe Exchange Program""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""METHODS""; ""The Intervention""; ""Studies of Risk Behavior in Local IDUs""; ""Surveillance of Blood-Borne Viral Infections""; ""Case-Control Study of Incident HBV Infections""; ""RESULTS""; ""DISCUSSIONS""; ""References""; ""Behavioral and Community Impact of the Portland Syringe Exchange Program""; ""PROGRAM OVERVIEW""; ""METHODS""; ""RESULTS""; ""CONCLUSIONS"" 327 $a""ACKNOWLEDGMENTS""""Reference""; ""New York City Syringe Exchange: An Overview""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""OVERVIEW OF EVALUATION""; ""METHODS""; ""Ethnographic Study""; ""Behavioral Change and Seroconversion""; ""Seroprevalence and Seroincidence""; ""RESULTS""; ""Organizational-System Issues""; ""Health Departments""; ""The American Foundation for AIDS Research (AmFAR)""; ""Syringe Exchange Programs""; ""Evaluation""; ""PROBLEM SOLVING""; ""Subject Characteristics""; ""Self-Reported Change in Risk-Taking Behavior""; ""DISCUSSION""; ""ACKNOWLEDGMENTS""; ""References"" 327 $a""Discussion: U.S. Needle Exchange Data"" 330 $aThis book reports on research on and experience with needle exchange and bleach distribution programs and their effects on rates of drug use, the behavior of injection drug users, and the spread of HIV and other infectious diseases among injection drug users. It discusses U.S. needle exchange data, international evaluations of needle exchange programs, legal issues and drug paraphernalia laws, evaluation methods, and bleach distribution programs. 606 $aNeedle exchange programs$zUnited States 606 $aIntravenous drug abuse$xHealth aspects$zUnited States 606 $aAIDS (Disease)$zUnited States$xPrevention 606 $aChlorine and derivatives as disinfectants 606 $aHIV Infections$xprevention & control 606 $aNeedle-Exchange Programs$xorganization & administration 606 $aDisinfectants$xsupply & distribution 608 $aConference Proceedings. 615 0$aNeedle exchange programs 615 0$aIntravenous drug abuse$xHealth aspects 615 0$aAIDS (Disease)$xPrevention. 615 0$aChlorine and derivatives as disinfectants. 615 12$aHIV Infections$xprevention & control. 615 22$aNeedle-Exchange Programs$xorganization & administration. 615 22$aDisinfectants$xsupply & distribution. 676 $a362.29 701 $aMoses$b Lincoln E$0103130 712 02$aNational Research Council (U.S.).$bPanel on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs. 712 02$aNational Research Council (U.S.).$bCommission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. 712 02$aInstitute of Medicine (U.S.) 712 12$aWorkshop on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910960079603321 996 $aProceedings$94341394 997 $aUNINA