LEADER 04981oam 22012734 450 001 9910959818103321 005 20250426110414.0 010 $a9786613797469 010 $a9781462339754 010 $a1462339751 010 $a9781452781457 010 $a1452781451 010 $a9781282044326 010 $a128204432X 010 $a9781451905595 010 $a1451905599 035 $a(CKB)3360000000442225 035 $a(EBL)3012537 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000940790 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11528532 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000940790 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10955590 035 $a(PQKB)10162568 035 $a(OCoLC)535146937 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3012537 035 $a(IMF)WPIEE2005004 035 $a(IMF)WPIEA2005004 035 $aWPIEA2005004 035 $a(EXLCZ)993360000000442225 100 $a20020129d2005 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 14$aThe International Effects of Government Spending Composition /$fGiovanni Ganelli 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2005. 215 $a1 online resource (19 p.) 225 1 $aIMF Working Papers 300 $a"January 2005." 300 $aAt head of title: Fiscal Affairs Department. 311 08$a9781451860238 311 08$a1451860234 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 18). 327 $a""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. THE MODEL""; ""III. THE EFFECTS OF GOVERNMENT SPENDING COMPOSITION""; ""IV. CONCLUSIONS""; ""REFERENCES"" 330 3 $aThis paper helps resolve a paradox in the literature, noticed by Alesina and Perotti (1995), which is that, although government employment is an important component of public spending, the debate on the effects of fiscal policy focuses almost exclusively on shocks to non-wage government consumption. We incorporate the distinction between spending for government employment and spending for non-wage government consumption in a "new open economy macroeconomics" model. Our results show that a permanent reduction in public employment in one country reduces relative private consumption and appreciates the domestic exchange rate if it is matched by a reduction in taxes. When the reduction in public employment is used to finance increased non-wage government consumption, the macroeconomic effects results are ambiguous, and are affected by the initial level of the public wage bill. 410 0$aIMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;$vNo. 2005/004 606 $aGovernment spending policy$xEconometric models 606 $aCivil service$xEconometric models 606 $aFiscal policy$xEconometric models 606 $aAggregate Human Capital$2imf 606 $aAggregate Labor Productivity$2imf 606 $aConsumption$2imf 606 $aEconomic theory$2imf 606 $aEconomics$2imf 606 $aEmployment$2imf 606 $aExpenditure$2imf 606 $aExpenditures, Public$2imf 606 $aGovernment consumption$2imf 606 $aIncome economics$2imf 606 $aIntergenerational Income Distribution$2imf 606 $aLabor$2imf 606 $aLabour$2imf 606 $aMacroeconomics$2imf 606 $aMacroeconomics: Consumption$2imf 606 $aNational Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General$2imf 606 $aPrivate consumption$2imf 606 $aPublic employment$2imf 606 $aPublic finance & taxation$2imf 606 $aPublic Finance$2imf 606 $aSaving$2imf 606 $aUnemployment$2imf 606 $aWages$2imf 606 $aWealth$2imf 615 0$aGovernment spending policy$xEconometric models. 615 0$aCivil service$xEconometric models. 615 0$aFiscal policy$xEconometric models. 615 7$aAggregate Human Capital 615 7$aAggregate Labor Productivity 615 7$aConsumption 615 7$aEconomic theory 615 7$aEconomics 615 7$aEmployment 615 7$aExpenditure 615 7$aExpenditures, Public 615 7$aGovernment consumption 615 7$aIncome economics 615 7$aIntergenerational Income Distribution 615 7$aLabor 615 7$aLabour 615 7$aMacroeconomics 615 7$aMacroeconomics: Consumption 615 7$aNational Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General 615 7$aPrivate consumption 615 7$aPublic employment 615 7$aPublic finance & taxation 615 7$aPublic Finance 615 7$aSaving 615 7$aUnemployment 615 7$aWages 615 7$aWealth 700 $aGanelli$b Giovanni$01092052 712 02$aInternational Monetary Fund.$bFiscal Affairs Dept. 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910959818103321 996 $aThe International Effects of Government Spending Composition$94371754 997 $aUNINA