LEADER 05780nam 2200781Ia 450 001 9910958827203321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a9781283854108 010 $a1283854104 010 $a9780821396315 010 $a0821396315 024 7 $a10.1596/978-0-8213-9630-8 035 $a(CKB)2670000000276805 035 $a(EBL)1092275 035 $a(OCoLC)819083335 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000780393 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12336580 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000780393 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10802721 035 $a(PQKB)11584457 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1092275 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1092275 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10626516 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL416660 035 $a(OCoLC)818905029 035 $a(The World Bank)17424471 035 $a(US-djbf)17424471 035 $a(Perlego)1483872 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000276805 100 $a20120809d2012 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aIs fiscal policy the answer? $ea developing country perspective /$fedited by Blanca Moreno Dodson 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cWorld Bank$d2012 215 $apages cm 225 1 $aDirections in development 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a9780821396308 311 08$a0821396307 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aCover; Contents; Foreword; About the Editor and Authors; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Overview: Fiscal Policy for Growth and Development; Context, Recent Trends, and Lessons from the Crisis; Figures; O.1 World Output Growth, 1961-2012; O.2 Frequency Distribution of GDP Growth, Developed and Developing Countries, 2009; O.3 General Government Debt, Medians, 2002-11; Fiscal Policy for Growth and Development-A Framework; O.4 General Government Debt, All Developing Countries, 2002-11; O.5 Fiscal Policy for Growth and Development, A Framework; Public Spending and Long-Run Growth 327 $aPublic Investment Management: Challenges and Tools Fiscal Policy for Sustainable Development in Resource-Rich LICs; Analyzing the Distributive Effects of Fiscal Policies: How to Prepare (Analytically) for the Next Crisis; Fiscal Policy Lessons from the Global Crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa; The Way Forward; Notes; References; Chapter 1 Fiscal Policy for Growth and Social Welfare; Evaluative Framework for Fiscal Policy Making; 1.1 Framing the Impact of Fiscal Policy on Growth and Social Welfare; Potential Impact of Fiscal Policy on Growth; Assessing the Redistributive Effects of Fiscal Policy 327 $aThe Political Economy of Fiscal Volatility Social Safety Nets; Evidence from Fiscal Policy Responses to the Crisis; 1.2 Correlation between the Growth Performance and Social Protection Expenditures, Selected Countries; Boxes; 1.1 Social Spending in Argentina in Times of Crisis; 1.2 Social Spending and Tax Policy in the Republic of Korea; 1.3 Policy Responses in Peru and Indonesia; 1.4 Limited Fiscal Space and Stimulus Policies in the Philippines; Concluding Remarks; 1.5 Fiscal Policies and the Help of Automatic Stabilizers in Thailand; Notes; References 327 $aChapter 2 Public Spending and Long-Run Growth in Practice: Concepts, Tools, and EvidenceConceptual Issues in Estimating the Growth Effects of Public Expenditure Reforms; Existing Evidence on the Effects of Public Expenditure Reforms in Developing Countries; Tables; 2.1 Summary of Relevant Papers; 2.2 Estimated Growth Effects of Productive Expenditure; 2.3 Estimated Growth Effects of Capital Expenditure; 2.4 Estimated Growth Effects of Current Expenditure Components; 2.5 Estimated Growth Effects of Sectoral Expenditure; Public Spending for Growth during the Global Crisis 327 $a2.1 Fiscal Policy in the Republic of Korea Directions for Future Research and for Policy Making in Practice; Conclusion; Notes; References; Chapter 3 Public Investment Management Challenges and Tools; 3.1 A Flash Survey of the Public Investment Management (PIM) Challenge; Public Investment and the Recent Global Crisis; 3.2 Public Investment Trends by Income Group, 1998-2009; 3.1 Selected Country Capital Spending Trajectories and Budget Credibility; 3.3 Public Investment Levels and the Global Crisis, 2008-09; The Challenge of Improving the Efficiency of Public Investments 327 $a3.4 Government Investment and Infrastructure Quality 330 $aThe global financial crisis has reignited interest in counter-cyclical fiscal policy as a critical instrument to provide immediate economic stimulus. But policy makers are also increasingly interested in how fiscal policy will impact growth and poverty over a longer run horizon, knowing that any quick responses to exogenous shocks also affect income generation and distribution. Those effects are less well known, however, and their dynamics still represent a challenge for many countries. In this book the authors explore methodological advances and new practices for fiscal policy implementation 410 0$aDirections in development (Washington, D.C.).$pPublic sector governance. 606 $aFiscal policy$zDeveloping countries 606 $aFinancial crises$zDeveloping countries 606 $aEconomic development 615 0$aFiscal policy 615 0$aFinancial crises 615 0$aEconomic development. 676 $a339.5/2091724 701 $aMoreno-Dodson$b Blanca$01811304 712 02$aWorld Bank. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910958827203321 996 $aIs fiscal policy the answer$94363096 997 $aUNINA LEADER 08221nam 2200685 a 450 001 9911019339403321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a9786611318062 010 $a9781281318060 010 $a128131806X 010 $a9780470035108 010 $a0470035102 010 $a9780470035092 010 $a0470035099 024 7 $a10.1002/9780470035108 035 $a(CKB)1000000000402337 035 $a(EBL)350916 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000099556 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11113920 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000099556 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10007310 035 $a(PQKB)10117816 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC350916 035 $a(CaBNVSL)mat08039618 035 $a(IDAMS)0b00006485f0d623 035 $a(IEEE)8039618 035 $a(OCoLC)264620579 035 $a(PPN)250194732 035 $a(Perlego)2751113 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000402337 100 $a20070518d2007 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aAeronautical radio communication systems and networks /$fDale Stacey 210 $aChichester, West Sussex, England ;$aHoboken, NJ $cJ. Wiley$dc2007 215 $a1 online resource (372 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a9780470018590 311 08$a0470018593 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $a-- Preface xvii -- Dedications xviii -- About the Author xviii -- Revisions, Corrections, Updates, Liability xix -- Book Layout and Structure xix -- 1 Introduction 1 -- 1.1 The Legacy 1 -- 1.2 Today and the Second Generation of Equipment 1 -- 1.3 The Future 3 -- 1.4 Operational and User Changes 3 -- 1.5 Radio Spectrum Used by Aviation 4 -- 1.6 Discussion of the Organizational Structure of Aviation Communications Disciplines 6 -- 2 Theory Governing Aeronautical Radio Systems 9 -- Summary 9 -- 2.1 Basic Definitions 10 -- 2.2 Propagation Fundamentals 11 -- 2.3 Power, Amplitudes and the Decibel Scale 14 -- 2.4 The Isotropic Power Source and Free Space Path Loss 15 -- 2.5 Radio Geometry 19 -- 2.6 Complex Propagation: Refraction, Absorption, Non-LOS Propagation 25 -- 2.7 Other Propagation Effects 37 -- 2.8 Modulation 38 -- 2.9 Shannon's Theory 62 -- 2.10 Multiplexing and Trunking 62 -- 2.11 Access Schemes 66 -- 2.12 Mitigation Techniques for Fading and Multipath 71 -- 2.13 Bandwidth Normalization 77 -- 2.14 Antenna Gain 80 -- 2.15 The Link Budget 87 -- 2.16 Intermodulation 88 -- 2.17 Noise in a Communication System 92 -- 2.18 Satellite Theory 93 -- 2.19 Availability and Reliability 99 -- Further Reading 104 -- 3 VHF Communication 105 -- Summary 105 -- 3.1 History 105 -- 3.2 DSB-AM Transceiver at a System Level 110 -- 3.3 Dimensioning a Mobile Communications System / The Three Cs 113 -- 3.4 Regulatory and Licensing Aspects 123 -- 3.5 VHF 'Hardening' and Intermodulation 125 -- 3.6 The VHF Datalink 126 -- Further Reading 143 -- 4 Military Communication Systems 145 -- Summary 145 -- 4.1 Military VHF Communications / The Legacy 145 -- 4.2 After the Legacy 146 -- 4.3 The Shortfalls of the Military VHF Communication System 147 -- 4.4 The Requirement for a New Tactical Military System 147 -- 4.5 The Birth of JTIDS/MIDS 147 -- 4.6 Technical Definitionof JTIDS and MIDS 148 -- 5 Long-Distance Mobile Communications 157 -- Summary 157 -- 5.1 High-Frequency Radio / The Legacy 157 -- 5.2 Allocation and Allotment 158. 327 $a5.3 HF System Features 158 -- 5.4 HF Datalink System 162 -- 5.5 Applications of Aeronautical HF 163 -- 5.6 Mobile Satellite Communications 165 -- 5.7 Comparison Between VHF, HF, L Band (JTIDS/MIDS) and Satellite Mobile Communications 175 -- 5.8 Aeronautical Passenger Communications 175 -- Further Reading 175 -- 6 Aeronautical Telemetry Systems 177 -- Summary 177 -- 6.1 Introduction / The Legacy 177 -- 6.2 Existing Systems 178 -- 6.3 Productivity and Applications 182 -- 6.4 Proposed Airbus Future Telemetry System 183 -- 6.5 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles 185 -- 7 Terrestrial Backhaul and the Aeronautical Telecommunications Network 187 -- Summary 187 -- 7.1 Introduction 187 -- 7.2 Types of Point-to-point Bearers 188 -- 8 Future Aeronautical Mobile Communication Systems 201 -- Summary 201 -- 8.1 Introduction 202 -- 8.2 Near-term Certainties 202 -- 8.3 Longer Term Options 210 -- Further Reading 219 -- 9 The Economics of Radio 221 -- Summary 221 -- 9.1 Introduction 221 -- 9.2 Basic Rules of Economics 221 -- 9.3 Analysis and the Break-even Point 222 -- 9.4 The Cost of Money 222 -- 9.5 The Safety Case 225 -- 9.6 Reliability Cost 226 -- 9.7 Macroeconomics 227 -- 10 Ground Installations and Equipment 229 -- Summary 229 -- 10.1 Introduction 229 -- 10.2 Practical Equipment VHF Communication Band (118 / 137 MHz) 233 -- 10.3 Outdoor 245 -- 11 Avionics 259 -- Summary 259 -- 11.1 Introduction 259 -- 11.2 Environment 259 -- 11.3 Types of Aircraft 268 -- 11.4 Simple Avionics for Private Aviation 272 -- 11.5 The Distributed Avionics Concept 273 -- 11.6 Avionic Racking Arrangements 282 -- 11.7 Avionic Boxes 284 -- 11.8 Antennas 294 -- 11.9 Mastering the Co-site Environment 301 -- 11.10 Data Cables, Power Cables, Special Cables, Coaxial Cables 303 -- 11.11 Certification and Maintaining Airworthiness 303 -- Further Reading 304 -- 12 Interference, Electromagnetic Compatibility, Spectrum Management and Frequency Management 307 -- Summary 307 -- 12.1 Introduction 308 -- 12.2 Interference 308 -- 12.3 Electromagnetic Compatibility 314. 327 $a12.4 Spectrum Management Process 318 -- 12.5 Frequency Management Process 322 -- Further Reading 324 -- Appendix 1 Summary of All Equations (Constants, Variables and Conversions) 325 -- Appendix 2 List of Symbols and Variables from Equations 333 -- Appendix 3 List of Constants 335 -- Appendix 4 Unit Conversions 337 -- Appendix 5 List of Abbreviations 339 -- Index 345. 330 $aTypically, there are over twenty radio systems on board the average commercial jet aircraft dealing with communication, navigation and surveillance functions. Very high frequency (VHF) air-to-ground communication is usually the main method of information and control exchange between pilot and air traffic control. Satellite and high frequency radio links are used to complement this system for long range or oceanic information exchanges. Other communications systems are required between the airline operation centre and the pilot and sometimes between the passengers and the ground. A comprehensive guide to current systems, networks and topologies, this book covers application requirements for communication and related radio-navigation and surveillance functions in aeronautical systems. There is also an insight into future possibilities as technologies progress and airspace operation and control scenarios change. Ideal for civil aviation authorities, airspace management providers and regulatory organizations, Aeronautical Radio Communication Systems and Networks will also appeal to aircraft and radio equipment manufacturers and university students studying aeronautical or electronic engineering. Key features: Provides a broad and concise look at the various communications systems on board a typical aircraft from a theoretical, system level and practical standpoint with worked examples and case studies throughout. Considers all types of aircraft from light aircraft to large commercial jets and specialised supersonic aircraft. Looks at existing airport radio communication infrastructure and proposals for new very high bandwidth radio applications within the airport environment. Provides a complete list of formulae for engineering design analysis and quick checks on system performance or interference analysis. 606 $aRadio in aeronautics 606 $aAeronautics$xCommunication systems 615 0$aRadio in aeronautics. 615 0$aAeronautics$xCommunication systems. 676 $a629.135 700 $aStacey$b Dale$01699939 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911019339403321 996 $aAeronautical radio communication systems and networks$94082590 997 $aUNINA