LEADER 04090nam 2200685 a 450 001 9910958505803321 005 20240416154925.0 010 $a9780674073838 010 $a0674073835 010 $a9780674073814 010 $a0674073819 024 7 $a10.4159/harvard.9780674073814 035 $a(CKB)2550000001038882 035 $a(StDuBDS)AH25018205 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000834878 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11519941 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000834878 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10982143 035 $a(PQKB)11508862 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3301223 035 $a(DE-B1597)209834 035 $a(OCoLC)828869733 035 $a(OCoLC)979777337 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780674073814 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3301223 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10661180 035 $a(Perlego)1148013 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000001038882 100 $a20120716d2013 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aAmerican umpire $ethe new rules of world order, 1776 to the present /$fElizabeth Cobbs Hoffman 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aCambridge, Mass. $cHarvard University Press$d2013 215 $a1 online resource (viii, 440 pages) 300 $aFormerly CIP.$5Uk 311 08$a9780674055476 311 08$a0674055470 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFrontmatter --$tContents --$tIntroduction --$t1. To Compel Acquiescence --$t2. Umpire Attacked --$t3. Another Umpire than Arms --$t4. A Rowboat in the Wake of a Battleship --$t5. Territorial Expansion versus Saltwater Imperialism --$t6. The Open Door and the First International Rules --$t7. War against War --$t8. Up to the Neck and in to the Death --$t9. The Buck Stops Here --$t10. A Coercive Logic --$tConclusion: Good Calls, Bad Calls, and Rules in Flux --$tNotes --$tAcknowledgments --$tIndex 330 $aCommentators frequently call the United States an empire: occasionally a benign empire, sometimes an empire in denial, and often a destructive empire. Elizabeth Cobbs Hoffman asserts instead that, because of its unusual federal structure, America has performed the role of umpire since 1776, compelling adherence to rules that gradually earned collective approval. This provocative reinterpretation traces America's role in the world from the days of George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, and Franklin D. Roosevelt to the present. Cobbs Hoffman argues that the United States has been the pivot of a transformation that began outside its borders and before its founding, in which nation-states replaced the empires that had dominated history. The "Western" values that America is often accused of imposing were, in fact, the result of this global shift. American Umpire explores the rise of three values-access to opportunity, arbitration of disputes, and transparency in government and business-and finds that the United States is distinctive not in its embrace of these practices but in its willingness to persuade and even coerce others to comply. But America's leadership is problematic as well as potent. The nation has both upheld and violated the rules. Taking sides in explosive disputes imposes significant financial and psychic costs. By definition, umpires cannot win. American Umpire offers a powerful new framework for reassessing the country's role over the past 250 years. Amid urgent questions about future choices, this book asks who, if not the United States, might enforce these new rules of world order? 606 $aInternational relations 606 $aInternational organization 606 $aWorld politics 607 $aUnited States$xForeign relations 615 0$aInternational relations. 615 0$aInternational organization. 615 0$aWorld politics. 676 $a327.73 700 $aCobbs Hoffman$b Elizabeth$01807160 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910958505803321 996 $aAmerican umpire$94356735 997 $aUNINA