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100   $a20060124d2005      uy         0
101 0 $aeng
135   $aurcn|||||||||
181   $ctxt
182   $cc
183   $acr
200 00$aAssessing and managing the ecological impacts of paved roads /$fCommittee on Ecological Impacts of Road Density, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council
205   $a1st ed.
210   $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academies Press$dc2005
215   $a1 online resource (325 p.)
300   $aDescription based upon print version of record.
311 08$a9780309100885 
311 08$a0309100887 
320   $aIncludes bibliographical references.
327   $a""Front Matter""; ""Acknowledgment of Review Participants""; ""Preface""; ""Abbreviations""; ""Contents""; ""Summary""; ""1 Introduction""; ""2 History and Status of the U.S. Road System""; ""3 Effects of Roads on Ecological Conditions""; ""4 Ameliorating the Effects of Roads""; ""5 Legal Context for Planning and Policy""; ""6 Planning and Assessment""; ""7 Integrating Obstacles and Opportunities""; ""8 Conclusions and Recommendations""; ""References""; ""Appendixes""; ""Appendix A Biographical Information on Committee Members""
327   $a""Appendix B Spatial Scale of Road Effects on Ecological Conditions: Annotated Bibliography""""Appendix C Congressional Declaration of National Environmental Policy--National Environmental Policy Act of 1969""
330   $aAll phases of road development "from construction and use by vehicles to maintenance "affect physical and chemical soil conditions, water flow, and air and water quality, as well as plants and animals. Roads and traffic can alter wildlife habitat, cause vehicle-related mortality, impede animal migration, and disperse nonnative pest species of plants and animals. Integrating environmental considerations into all phases of transportation is an important, evolving process. The increasing awareness of environmental issues has made road development more complex and controversial. Over the past two decades, the Federal Highway Administration and state transportation agencies have increasingly recognized the importance of the effects of transportation on the natural environment. This report provides guidance on ways to reconcile the different goals of road development and environmental conservation. It identifies the ecological effects of roads that can be evaluated in the planning, design, construction, and maintenance of roads and offers several recommendations to help better understand and manage ecological impacts of paved roads.
606   $aRoads$xEnvironmental aspects
606   $aHighway planning
606   $aRoads$xDesign and construction$xEnvironmental aspects
606   $aPavements$xEnvironmental aspects
606   $aEcological assessment (Biology)
606   $aTransportation and state$zUnited States
615  0$aRoads$xEnvironmental aspects.
615  0$aHighway planning.
615  0$aRoads$xDesign and construction$xEnvironmental aspects.
615  0$aPavements$xEnvironmental aspects.
615  0$aEcological assessment (Biology)
615  0$aTransportation and state
676   $a388.12
712 02$aNational Research Council (U.S.).$bCommittee on Ecological Impacts of Road Density.
801  0$bMiAaPQ
801  1$bMiAaPQ
801  2$bMiAaPQ
906   $aBOOK
912   $a9910956062403321
996   $aAssessing and managing the ecological impacts of paved roads$94352276
997   $aUNINA