LEADER 07149nam 22004573 450 001 9910913785203321 005 20241130060302.0 010 $a9783031685422 010 $a3031685423 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC31806666 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL31806666 035 $a(CKB)36685696900041 035 $a(EXLCZ)9936685696900041 100 $a20241130d2024 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aIssues of Terrorism in the Post-Coronavirus Era 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer,$d2024. 210 4$d©2024. 215 $a1 online resource (238 pages) 225 1 $aAdvanced Sciences and Technologies for Security Applications Series 311 08$a9783031685415 311 08$a3031685415 327 $aIntro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- List of Figures -- Overview -- 1 Core Themes -- 2 Climate Change Impact -- 3 Terrorism and Pandemic -- 4 Terrorism Definition -- 5 Framework of Discussion -- 6 Final Reflections -- References -- A Typology of Enhanced Terrorism in Calamitous Conditions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Two Types (Modes) of Enhanced Terrorism: "Proactive" and "Ad-Hoc" -- 3 "Active" and "Dormant" Calamitous Conditions -- 4 Issues of Premeditation and Spontaneity -- 5 Typology of Enhanced Terrorism in Calamitous Conditions-A First Pass -- 6 Enhanced Terrorism Theoretical Propositions and Matrices -- 7 Final Reflections -- References -- Africa in the Crosshairs of Global Terrorism-The Case of Kenya up to the COVID-19 Era -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Kenya's Terrorist Threat -- 3 Impact of Terrorism on Kenya -- 4 Data Sources and Analysis -- 5 Findings -- 5.1 Number of Terrorist Attacks in Kenya, 1975-2021 -- 5.2 Geography of Terrorism in Kenya -- 5.3 Types of Terrorist Attacks -- 5.4 Targets/Victims of Terrorist Attacks -- 5.5 Target/Victim Sub-types of Terrorist Attacks -- 5.6 Nationality of Terrorism Victims -- 5.7 Major Perpetrators of Terrorism -- 5.8 Major Weapon Types Used by Terrorists -- 5.9 Weapon Sub-types Used by Terrorists -- 5.10 Number of People Killed in Terrorist Incidents -- 5.11 Number of People Wounded in Terrorist Incidents -- 5.12 Extent of Property Damage in Terrorist Incidents -- 5.13 Value of Property Damage (USD) in Terrorist Incidents -- 6 Discussion -- 7 Terrorism in Kenya in the Post-COVID-19 World -- 8 What Do the Foregoing Findings Mean for Kenya's Counterterrorism Efforts? -- References -- Knowledge Versus Terror: Knowledge Transfer to Address the Terrorist Threat to the Smart City -- 1 The Smart City as a Component of the Globalization. 327 $a2 Terrorism and the Vulnerable Components of Cities -- 3 Pandemics as a Form of Terrorism -- 4 Cyberspace -- 5 Counter-Terrorism -- 6 Knowledge Transfer as a Solution -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Gene Editing-The CRISPR Tool -- 1 Opening -- 2 CRISPR-Cas: The Bacterial Immune System -- 3 CRISPR-Cas9: A Game-Changing DNA Editing Tool -- 4 Expanding the CRISPR Toolbox -- 5 Gene Drives -- 6 Potential Misuse of CRISPR Technology to Create Bioweapons -- 7 CRISPR-Cas9-DIY -- 8 CRISPR Biothreat in the Post-COVID-19 Era -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Post Pandemic Terrorism: Surprises in Store -- 1 Opening -- 2 Improving the Search for and Responses to Novel Diseases (CM = 9.5) -- 3 Susceptibility of Public Opinion to False Information (CM = 4) -- 4 Covid and Declining Mental Health (CM = 6) -- 5 Economic Trauma and Huge Government Spending (CM = 7.5) -- 6 Attempts to Legitimize the Far-Right (CM = 4) -- 7 Closer to the Use of Nuclear Weapons (CM = 4.5) -- 8 Intensified Distrust of Western Societies Resulting from Global Inequities in the Treatment of COVID (CM = 6) -- 9 Miscellany of Unanticipated Consequences -- 10 Conclusion -- References -- Threat Convergence: The Most Lethal Category of Terrorist Warfare -- 1 Introduction -- 2 TC #1: "Mass Casualty Warfare" -- 3 TC #2: "Weapons of Mass Destruction" -- 4 TC #3: "Cyberspace" -- 5 TC #4: "Cyber-Warfare" -- 6 TC #5: "Criminality" -- 7 TC #6: "Weak and Failed States" -- 8 TC #7: "Enabling Conditions in Strong States" -- 9 TC #8: Cooperative Partnerships with Other Terrorist Groups -- 10 TC #9: "State Sponsors" -- 11 Assessment -- 12 Conclusion -- References -- Future Nexus Between Climate Change and Terrorism: Will Environmental Issues Influence Radicalization Regardless of Ideology? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Terrorism and Climate Change -- 3 Radicalization. 327 $a4 Common Issues When Studying the Climate Change-Terrorism Nexus -- 5 Aim of the Study -- 6 Methodology -- 6.1 Method: Real-Time Delphi Survey -- 6.2 Design of the Study -- 7 Findings and Analysis -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Climate Change, Covid-19, and Insurgency in Iraq -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Impacts of Environmental Change in Iraq -- 2.1 Climate Change and Water Conditions -- 2.2 Food Security and Migration -- 2.3 Water Protests and the Tishrin Movement -- 3 The Impacts of COVID-19 in Iraq -- 3.1 Initial Shock -- 3.2 Government Response -- 4 ISIS and the Impacts of COVID-19 -- 4.1 The Status of ISIS in Iraq -- 4.2 ISIS and COVID-19 -- 5 Conclusion -- 6 Recommendations -- 6.1 Widening Stakeholder Engagement -- References -- Zero-Carbon Future and the Rise of Terrorism and Organized Crime: The Transition into a Zero-Carbon Future Increases Risks Stemming from Organized Crime Groups and Terrorist Groups -- 1 The Green Shift -- 2 Seizing the Challenge and Grasping the Complexity -- 3 Climate Credits Fraud -- 4 Subsidy Fraud -- 5 VAT Fraud -- 6 Recycling Crime -- 7 Urgency Opens the Floodgates of Crime -- 8 Anticipatory Governance and the Future of Crime -- 9 Conclusions -- References -- QAnon Extremist Propaganda: Using the Internet to Spread Hate -- 1 Background -- 2 Roots in "Mom Networks" -- 3 Political Connections and the Capitol Riots -- 4 Religious Connections -- 5 Using Social Media to Spread Hate During and After the Pandemic -- 6 Anti-science, Anti-vaccination/COVID-19 Perspectives -- 7 Antisemitism -- 8 Anti-democratic Sentiments -- 9 Policies -- References -- Terrorism in the Time of the Pandemic: The Rise of the Right -- 1 Opening -- 2 Militant Jihadist Activity -- 3 Militant Jihadists' Reactions to Vaccines -- 4 Clash of the Jihadists: Taliban Versus ISKP -- 5 The Rise of the Far Right -- 6 Rise in Anti-Asian Hate Crimes. 327 $a7 The Anti-vaccine Movement -- 8 Backlash to Racial Justice Movements -- 9 Hindutva Extremism -- 10 Why the Far Right? -- 11 Conclusions -- References -- Conclusions -- References. 410 0$aAdvanced Sciences and Technologies for Security Applications Series 700 $aChasdi$b Richard J$01732625 701 $aSharan$b Yair$0849807 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910913785203321 996 $aIssues of Terrorism in the Post-Coronavirus Era$94298175 997 $aUNINA