LEADER 10880nam 22004453 450 001 9910878050203321 005 20240812084530.0 010 $a9783031638558 035 $a(CKB)33601043600041 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC31594173 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL31594173 035 $a(EXLCZ)9933601043600041 100 $a20240812d2024 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aGravity, Positioning and Reference Frames $eProceedings of the IAG Symposia - GGHS2022: Gravity, Geoid, and Height Systems 2022, Austin, TX, United States of America, September 12 - 14, 2022; IAG Commission 4: Positioning and Applications, Potsdam, Germany, September 5 - 8, 2022; REFAG2022: Referen 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer International Publishing AG,$d2024. 210 4$d©2024. 215 $a1 online resource (251 pages) 225 1 $aInternational Association of Geodesy Symposia Series ;$vv.156 311 08$a9783031638541 327 $aIntro -- Preface -- Contents -- Part I GGHS2022: Gravity Field -- A Comparison of Pointwise and Levelling Assisted Regional Realisations of IHRS with a Case Study over Sweden -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Purpose and Delimitations -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Gravimetric Geoid Model and Ellipsoidal GNSS Heights Used for the Pointwise Realisation -- 2.2 Transformations and Epoch Unification -- 2.3 Height Network Adjustments -- 2.4 Comparisons -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- New Tidal Analysis of Superconducting Gravimeter Records at Metsahovi,Finland -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data Processing -- 2.1 Gravity Data -- 2.2 Environmental Data -- 3 Ocean Tide Loading Models -- 4 Tidal Analysis -- 5 Results -- 6 Discussion and Conclusions -- Appendix 1 -- Appendix 2 -- References -- Development of the National Gravimetric Geoid Model for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Homogenization of Land and Marine Gravity Data -- 3 Geoid Determination with the Remove-Compute-Restore Procedure -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Comparisons of Absolute Gravimeters as a Key Component of the International Terrestrial Gravity Reference Frame (ITGRF) Shown on the Example of the WET-CAG2021 at Wettzell, Germany -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Absolute Gravity Measurements -- 3 Data Elaboration -- 4 The Geodetic Approach (ICN-Solution) -- 5 The Metrological Approach (KCN-Solution) -- 6 Results and Conclusions -- 7 Outlook -- References -- Newly Acquired Gravity Data in Support of the GeoNetGNSS CORS Network in Northern Greece -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Area and Gravity Measurements -- 3 Relative Gravity Data Processing -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Strapdown Airborne Gravimetry Based on Aircrafts and UAVs: Postprocessing Algorithms and New Results -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Postprocessing Methodology and Algorithms -- 2.1 Key Aspects of the Algorithms. 327 $a3 Numerical Results -- 3.1 Aircraft-Based Survey -- 3.2 UAV-Based Survey -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Estimation of Temporal Variations in the Earth's Gravity Field Using Novel Optical Clocks Onboard of Low Earth Orbiters -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Temporal Variations of the Earth's Gravity Field from Clock Measurements -- 2.1 Methodology -- 2.2 Setup of Optical Clock Observation Equations for the Estimation of Temporal Gravity Field Variations -- 2.3 Optical Atomic Clock Noise -- 3 Simulation Scenarios for Estimating Mass Variations with Optical Atomic Clocks -- 3.1 Data -- 4 Numerical Results -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Hybrid Geoid Modeling for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 KSA-Geoid21 Hybrid Geoid Modeling -- 2.1 KSA-Geoid21GASGI Hybrid Geoid Determination -- 3 Conclusions -- References -- Part II IAG Commission 4: Positioning and Applications -- Almost-Instantaneous PPP-RTK Without Atmospheric Corrections -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Multi-GNSS PPP-RTK: Experimental Setup and Formal Analysis -- 3 PPP-RTK with Best Integer-Equivariant Estimation -- 4 Neglecting the Uncertainty of the PPP-RTK Corrections -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Multi-GNSS Tomography: Case Study of the July 2021 Flood in Germany -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data and Meteorological Conditions -- 3 Strategy of GNSS Tomography -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Tomography Cross-Section -- 4.2 Comparisons with ICON-D2 -- 4.3 Comparisons with Radiosonde Data -- 4.4 Comparisons with Radio-Occultations -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Quantum Diamond Magnetometry for Navigation in GNSS DeniedEnvironments -- 1 Introduction -- 2 INS Aiding via Map Matching -- 3 Probabilistic Multiple Hypothesis Map Matching -- 4 Navigation Experiment -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Feasibility of CSAC-Assisted GNSS Receiver Fingerprinting -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Clock-Derived Features. 327 $a2.1 Allan Deviation (ADEV) -- 2.2 Time Interval Error (TIE) -- 2.3 Correlation Between Time Series -- 3 Feature Extraction -- 3.1 Pre-Processing Procedures -- 3.2 Singular Value Decomposition and Support Vector Machine -- 3.3 Decision Tree -- 3.4 Filtering Method -- 4 Overview on Experiments -- 5 Fingerprinting Results -- 5.1 Static Scenarios -- 5.2 Dynamic Scenarios -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- On the Impact of GNSS Receiver Settings on the Estimation of Codephase Center Corrections -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theoretical Background -- 2.1 Antenna Calibration at IfE -- 2.2 Tracking Loops of GNSS Receiver -- 3 Analysis of Different Receiver Settings -- 3.1 Practical Experiment -- 3.2 Impact on Time Differenced Single Differences -- 4 Repeatability of Estimated CPC Pattern -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Quality Control Methods for Climate Applications of Geodetic Tropospheric Parameters -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Climate Normals and the Importance of Long Terms -- 3 Ground-Based GNSS for Meteorology: From Zero to Hero -- 4 Research Questions -- 5 Methodology -- 6 Results: Station ALBH -- 7 Lessons Learned -- References -- Part III REFAG2022: Reference Frames -- Impact of Coordinate- and Tropospheric Ties on the Rigorous Combination of GNSS and VLBI -- 1 Combination of Space Geodetic Techniques -- 2 Dataset and Processing Strategy -- 3 Realisation of Tropospheric Ties -- 4 Optimal Weighting -- 5 Validation of the Optimal Weighting -- 6 Realisation of the Coordinate Ties -- 7 Differences of EOPs to IGS Solution -- 8 Rigorous and Single Technique Solutions -- 9 Summary and Outlook -- References -- How Do Atmospheric Tidal Loading Displacements Vary Temporally as well as Across Different Weather Models? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Atmospheric and Oceanic Tidal Mass Anomalies -- 3 Tidal Loading Displacements -- 4 Estimation of Partial Tide Modulations. 327 $a5 Conclusions -- References -- Alternative Strategies for the Optimal Combination of GNSS and Classical Geodetic Networks: A Case-Study in Greece -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Combination Strategies -- 2.1 Common Steps of the Alternative Strategies -- 2.2 First Alternative Strategy: Transition from a 2D to a 3D Network Employing Zenith Angles -- 2.3 Second Alternative Strategy: Transition from a 2D to a Quasi-3D Network Through the Zenith Angles -- 3 Case Study -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Webpages -- A Concept of Precise VLBI/GNSS Ties with Micro-VLBI -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Microwave Technique for VLBI/GNSS Tie Measurements -- 3 Early Results -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Summary -- References -- Status of the SIRGAS Reference Frame: Recent Developments and NewChallenges -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Main SIRGAS Objectives and International Networking -- 3 Advances in the Physical Reference Frame -- 3.1 Reference Frame for Terrestrial Gravimetry -- 3.2 Recent Improvements in the Modelling of the Geoid -- 3.3 Standardisation of Physical Heights -- 4 Status of the Geometric Reference Frame -- 4.1 Operational and Reprocessed SIRGAS Weekly Station Positions -- 4.2 Combined Tropospheric Zenith Path Delays -- 4.3 SIRGAS2022: The Latest DGFI-TUM Reference Frame Solution for SIRGAS -- 4.4 VEMOS: Overall Velocity Models for the Entire SIRGAS Region -- 5 Final Remarks -- References -- A Review of Space Geodetic Technique Seasonal Displacements Based on ITRF2020 Results -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Input Data -- 2.1 ITRF2020 Seasonal Parameters -- 2.2 Station Selection -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Results -- 5 Discussion -- References -- Validation of Reference Frame Consistency of GNSS Service Products -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Existing Validation Approaches -- 2.1 Coordinate Computation -- 2.2 Physical Quality Control -- 2.3 Circular Quality Control -- 3 New Validation Methods. 327 $a3.1 Grid Check -- 3.2 Systematic Quality Control -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Grid Check for a Cross-Border GNSS Service Provider -- 4.2 Systematic Quality Check for OSR and SSR Based GNSS Service Products -- 4.2.1 Real-Time OSR Service -- 4.2.2 Post-Processing SSR Services -- 5 Outlook -- References -- Intra-Technique Combination of VLBI Intensives and Rapid Data to Improve the Temporal Regularity and Continuity of the UT1-UTC Series -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data Input and Combination Methodology -- 3 Resulting UT1-UTC Series -- 4 Conclusion and Outlook -- References -- Automatic Determination of the SLR Reference Point at Côte d'Azur Multi-Technique Geodetic Observatory -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Measuring Devices -- 2.1 Methodology -- 2.2 Elevation Axis Measuring Devices -- 2.3 Azimuth Axis Measuring Devices -- 3 Automation and First Measurement Tests -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- The K-Band (24 GHz) Celestial Reference Frame Determined from Very Long Baseline Interferometry Sessions Conducted Over the Past 20 Years -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data and Solution Setup -- 2.1 Data Description -- 2.2 Setup of Solutions -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Defining Sources -- 3.2 Ionospheric Mapping Function -- 3.3 Systematic in Elevation Angles -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- VGOS VLBI Intensives Between macgo12m and wettz13s for the Rapid Determination of UT1-UTC -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Data -- 4 Results -- 5 Summary -- References -- Correcting Non-Tidal Surface Loading in GNSS repro3 and Comparison with ITRF2020 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 GNSS Processing and Loading Corrections -- 3 Corrections at the Solution Level -- 4 Corrections at the Observation Level -- 5 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Upgrading the Metsähovi Geodetic Research Station -- 1 Introduction and History -- 2 Renewal of Major Instruments -- 2.1 SLR -- 2.2 VGOS -- 2.3 GNSS -- 2.4 DORIS. 327 $a2.5 Gravity Instruments. 410 0$aInternational Association of Geodesy Symposia Series 700 $aFreymueller$b Jeffrey T$0937838 701 $aSánchez$b Laura$01367792 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 912 $a9910878050203321 996 $aGravity, Positioning and Reference Frames$94205995 997 $aUNINA