LEADER 06907oam 22011174 450 001 9910788233703321 005 20230721045641.0 010 $a1-4623-1946-7 010 $a1-4527-7329-7 010 $a9786612841910 010 $a1-282-84191-2 010 $a1-4518-7098-1 035 $a(CKB)3170000000055073 035 $a(EBL)1607946 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000944151 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11597307 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000944151 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10982503 035 $a(PQKB)10509079 035 $a(OCoLC)457179979 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1607946 035 $a(IMF)WPIEE2008240 035 $a(EXLCZ)993170000000055073 100 $a20020129d2008 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aInternational Competitiveness of the Mediterranean Quartet : $eA Heterogeneous-Product Approach /$fHerman Bennett, Ziga Zarnic 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2008. 215 $a1 online resource (37 p.) 225 1 $aIMF Working Papers 225 0$aIMF working paper ;$vWP/08/240 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-4519-1551-9 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aContents; I. Introduction; II. Methodology; A. A Generic Approach to Aggregate Relative Cost Competitiveness; B. Global Goods, Local Consumption of Local Production, RPA, and Aggregated Cost Measures; III. Data; A. Goods and Services; B. Global Goods; IV. Results; A. The Effect of the Heterogeneous-Product Approach and Services; B. Differentiated ULC by Sector; V. The Profile of International Competitors; A. Goods; B. Services; VI. Conclusion; Figures; 1. Real Appreciation in the MQ vs. the Rest of the Euro Area, 1998-2006 327 $a2. Importance of China and Germany as Competitors of the MQ in High-Tech and Low-Tech Sectors in Goods, 1998-2005Tables; 1. Literature Overview; 2. ULC-Based REER Indices, Goods, 1998-2006: Heterogeneous-Product Approach (G) and Representative-Product Approach (1G); 3. Net Appreciation Differential Since 1998: Marginal Effect of Heterogeneous-Product Approach (G vs. 1G); 4. Net Appreciation Differential Since 1998: Robustness Check 1 (1G vs. IMF); 5. Net Appreciation Differential Since 1998: Marginal Effect of Extended Sample (G vs. G27) 327 $a6. Net Appreciation Differential Since 1998: Marginal Effect of Domestic Market Competition (G vs. GDM)7. The Structure of Competitors: Heterogeneous- vs. Representative-Product Approach (?) and vs. Partners Approach (?p); 8. ULC-Based REER Indices, Services, 1998-2006: Services Heterogeneous-Product Approach (S); 9. Net Appreciation Differential Since 1998: Difference Between Services and Goods (S vs. G); 10. ULC-Based REER Indices, Goods and Services, 1998-2006: A Heterogeneous-Product Approach (GS) 327 $a11. Net Appreciation Differential Since 1998: Joint Marginal Effect of the Heterogeneous- Product Approach, Including Services (GS vs. 1G)12. Net Appreciation Differential Since 1998: Marginal Effect of Differentiated ULC (Gd vs G); 13. Structure of Competitors: Goods; 14. Structure of Competitors in High-Tech and Low-Tech Sectors in 2005; 15. Structure of Competitors: Services; 16. Main Competitors in 2005: Goods; 17. Main Competitors in 2004: Services; Appendix Tables; A1. Availability of Unit Labor Cost Data; A2. Classification of Global Goods; References 330 3 $aThe real effective exchange rate (REER) is the most commonly used measure for assessing international competitiveness. We develop a methodology to estimate the REER that incorporates two distinctive elements that are not considered in the current literature and apply it to the Mediterranean Quartet (MQ) of Greece, Italy, Portugal, and Spain, whose common pattern of real appreciation has created concern in policy and academic circles. The two elements that we add to the existing literature are (i) product heterogeneity when identifying each country's international competitors and their weights and (ii) a comprehensive treatment of services exports. Our refined measure suggests a modest reduction in the observed REER gap between the MQ countries and the other euro area countries. In particular, considering product heterogeneity and services exports implies a lower real appreciation from 1998 to 2006 on the order of 2-3 percent for all MQ countries. These are difference-in-difference estimates relative to the results obtained for the rest of the euro area countries using the same methodology. 410 0$aIMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;$vNo. 2008/240 606 $aCompetition$zGreece$xEconometric models 606 $aCompetition$zItaly$xEconometric models 606 $aCompetition$zPortugal$xEconometric models 606 $aCompetition$zSpain$xEconometric models 606 $aForeign exchange rates$zGreece$xEconometric models 606 $aExports and Imports$2imf 606 $aFinance: General$2imf 606 $aForeign Exchange$2imf 606 $aIndustries: Manufacturing$2imf 606 $aTrade: General$2imf 606 $aGeneral Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data)$2imf 606 $aIndustry Studies: Manufacturing: General$2imf 606 $aCurrency$2imf 606 $aForeign exchange$2imf 606 $aInternational economics$2imf 606 $aFinance$2imf 606 $aManufacturing industries$2imf 606 $aReal effective exchange rates$2imf 606 $aCompetition$2imf 606 $aManufacturing$2imf 606 $aExports$2imf 606 $aService exports$2imf 607 $aSpain$2imf 615 0$aCompetition$xEconometric models. 615 0$aCompetition$xEconometric models. 615 0$aCompetition$xEconometric models. 615 0$aCompetition$xEconometric models. 615 0$aForeign exchange rates$xEconometric models. 615 7$aExports and Imports 615 7$aFinance: General 615 7$aForeign Exchange 615 7$aIndustries: Manufacturing 615 7$aTrade: General 615 7$aGeneral Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) 615 7$aIndustry Studies: Manufacturing: General 615 7$aCurrency 615 7$aForeign exchange 615 7$aInternational economics 615 7$aFinance 615 7$aManufacturing industries 615 7$aReal effective exchange rates 615 7$aCompetition 615 7$aManufacturing 615 7$aExports 615 7$aService exports 676 $a338.5 700 $aBennett$b Herman$01463963 701 $aZarnic$b Ziga$01485175 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910788233703321 996 $aInternational Competitiveness of the Mediterranean Quartet$93704166 997 $aUNINA LEADER 02455nam 2200697Ia 450 001 9910808169003321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a0-8166-8733-1 035 $a(CKB)1000000000347067 035 $a(EBL)310351 035 $a(OCoLC)476094046 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000284907 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11227427 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000284907 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10262477 035 $a(PQKB)10682854 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000986406 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11628381 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000986406 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10937494 035 $a(PQKB)11188452 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC310351 035 $a(OCoLC)191952852 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse39954 035 $a(WaSeSS)Ind00071746 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL310351 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10159634 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL523423 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000347067 100 $a19950911d1996 ub 1 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 14$aThe torments of love /$fHelisenne de Crenne (Marguerite Briet) ; edited and with an introduction by Lisa Neal ; translated by Lisa Neal and Steven Rendall 205 $aNew ed. 210 $aMinneapolis $cUniversity of Minnesota Press$dc1996 215 $a1 online resource (240 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-8166-2789-4 311 $a0-8166-2788-6 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 203-204). 327 $aContents; Acknowledgments; Introduction; The Torments of Love; Part One; Part Two; Part Three; Bibliography 330 $aThis autobiographical novel of a married woman's passion for a younger man is the first translation into English of a landmark text. Originally published in 1538, The Torments of Love tells a colorful tale of adulterous love and romantic adventure from a woman's point of view. 606 $aFrench fiction 606 $aFrench literature 615 0$aFrench fiction. 615 0$aFrench literature. 676 $a840.9354 676 $a843/.3 700 $aCrenne$b Helisenne de$0152171 701 $aNeal$b Lisa$01642666 701 $aRendall$b Steven$01642667 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910808169003321 996 $aThe torments of love$93987497 997 $aUNINA LEADER 03911nam 2200661 a 450 001 9910877009703321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-280-27733-5 010 $a9786610277339 010 $a0-470-35383-X 010 $a0-471-73656-2 010 $a0-471-73655-4 035 $a(CKB)1000000000355193 035 $a(EBL)233616 035 $a(OCoLC)475940364 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000164975 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11153342 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000164975 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10125160 035 $a(PQKB)10123447 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC233616 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000355193 100 $a20041208d2005 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aGrammars with context conditions and their applications /$fby Alexander Meduna, Martin Svec 210 $aHoboken, N.J. $cJohn Wiley & Sons$dc2005 215 $a1 online resource (230 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-471-71831-9 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 201-212) and index. 327 $aGrammars with Context Conditions and Their Applications; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; 1 Introduction; 2 Preliminaries and Definitions; 2.1 Basic Definitions; 2.2 Grammars; 3 Conditions Placed on Derivation Domains; 3.1 Sequential Grammars over Word Monoids; 3.2 Parallel Grammars over Word Monoids; 4 Conditions Placed on the Use of Productions; 4.1 Sequential Conditional Grammars; 4.1.1 Context-Conditional Grammars; 4.1.2 Random-Context Grammars; 4.1.3 Generalized Forbidding Grammars; 4.1.4 Semi-conditional Grammars; 4.1.5 Simple Semi-conditional Grammars 327 $a4.2 Parallel Conditional Grammars4.2.1 Context-Conditional ETOL Grammars; 4.2.2 Forbidding ETOL Grammars; 4.2.3 Simple Semi-conditional ETOL Grammars; 4.3 Global Context Conditional Grammars; 5 Conditions Placed on the Neighborhood of Rewritten Symbols; 5.1 Continuous Context; 5.1.1 Sequential Uniform Rewriting; 5.1.2 Parallel Uniform Rewriting; 5.2 Scattered Context; 5.2.1 Scattered Context Grammars and Their Reduction; 5.2.2 Semi-parallel Uniform Rewriting; 6 Grammatical Transformations and Derivation Simulations; 6.1 Derivation Simulation; 6.2 Grammatical Simulation 327 $a6.3 Simulation of E(0, l )L Grammars7 Applications and Implementation; 7.1 Applications; 7.2 Implementation; 8 Concluding and Bibliographical Notes; Bibliography; Denotations of Language Families; Subject Index 330 $aThe essential guide to grammars with context conditionsThis advanced computer science book systematically and compactly summarizes the current knowledge about grammars with context conditions-an important area of formal language theory. According to the types of context conditions, this self-contained reference classifies them into grammars with context conditions placed on the domains of grammatical derivations, the use of grammatical productions, and the neighborhood of the rewritten symbols. The focus is on grammatical generative power, important properties, simplification, reductio 606 $aGenerative grammar 606 $aContext (Linguistics) 606 $aGrammar, Comparative and general$xConditionals 606 $aComputational linguistics 606 $aFormal languages 615 0$aGenerative grammar. 615 0$aContext (Linguistics) 615 0$aGrammar, Comparative and general$xConditionals. 615 0$aComputational linguistics. 615 0$aFormal languages. 676 $a415 700 $aMeduna$b Alexander$f1957-$0993458 701 $aSvec$b Martin$01751005 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910877009703321 996 $aGrammars with context conditions and their applications$94185803 997 $aUNINA