LEADER 05432nam 22006974a 450 001 9910840693203321 005 20230617030403.0 010 $a0-470-86966-6 010 $a9786610238927 010 $a0-470-49123-X 010 $a0-471-49848-3 010 $a1-280-23892-5 035 $a(CKB)3520000000000212 035 $a(EBL)239026 035 $a(OCoLC)475950094 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000120565 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11130177 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000120565 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10092490 035 $a(PQKB)11297035 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC239026 035 $a(EXLCZ)993520000000000212 100 $a20030416d2004 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aChemistry in alternative reaction media$b[electronic resource] /$fDave J. Adams, Paul J. Dyson, and Stewart J. Tavener 210 $aChichester, West Sussex, England ;$aHoboken, NJ $cJ. Wiley$dc2004 215 $a1 online resource (269 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-470-86965-8 311 $a0-471-49849-1 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aChemistry In Alternative Reaction Media; CONTENTS; Preface; Abbreviations and Acronyms; 1 Chemistry in Alternative Reaction Media; 1.1 Economic and Political Considerations; 1.2 Why Do Things Dissolve?; 1.3 Solvent Properties and Solvent Classification; 1.3.1 Density; 1.3.2 Mass Transport; 1.3.3 Boiling Point, Melting Point and Volatility; 1.3.4 Solvents as Heat-Transfer Media; 1.3.5 Cohesive Pressure, Internal Pressure, and Solubility Parameter; 1.4 Solvent Polarity; 1.4.1 Dipole Moment and Dispersive Forces; 1.4.2 Dielectric Constant; 1.4.3 Electron Pair Donor and Acceptor Numbers 327 $a1.4.4 Empirical Polarity Scales1.4.5 E(N)(T) and E(T)(30) Parameters; 1.4.6 Kamlet-Taft Parameters; 1.4.7 Hydrogen Bond Donor (HBD) and Hydrogen Bond Acceptor (HBA) Solvents; 1.5 The Effect of Solvent Polarity on Chemical Systems; 1.5.1 The Effect of Solvent Polarity on Chemical Reactions; 1.5.2 The Effect of Solvent Polarity on Equilibria; 1.6 What is Required from Alternative Solvent Strategies?; References; 2 Multiphasic Solvent Systems; 2.1 An Introduction to Multiphasic Chemistry; 2.1.1 The Traditional Biphasic Approach; 2.1.2 Temperature Dependent Solvent Systems 327 $a2.1.3 Single- to Two-Phase Systems2.1.4 Multiphasic Systems; 2.2 Solvent Combinations; 2.2.1 Water; 2.2.2 Fluorous Solvents; 2.2.3 Ionic Liquids; 2.2.4 Supercritical Fluids and Other Solvent Combinations; 2.3 Benefits and Problems Associated with Multiphasic Systems; 2.3.1 Partially Miscible Liquids; 2.4 Kinetics of Homogeneous Reactions; 2.4.1 Rate is Independent of Stoichiometry; 2.4.2 Rate is Determined by the Probability of Reactants Meeting; 2.4.3 Rate is Measured by the Concentration of the Reagents; 2.4.4 Catalysed Systems; 2.5 Kinetics of Biphasic Reactions 327 $a2.5.1 The Concentration of Reactants in Each Phase is Affected by Diffusion2.5.2 The Concentration of the Reactants and Products in the Reacting Phase is Determined by Their Partition Coefficients; 2.5.3 The Partition Coefficients of the Reactants and Products May Alter the Position of the Equilibrium; 2.5.4 Effect of Diffusion on Rate; 2.5.5 Determining the Rate of a Reaction in a Biphasic System; 2.6 Conclusions; References; 3 Reactions in Fluorous Media; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Properties of Perfluorinated Solvents; 3.3 Designing Molecules for Fluorous Compatibility 327 $a3.4 Probing the Effect of Perfluoroalkylation on Ligand Properties3.5 Partition Coefficients; 3.6 Liquid-Liquid Extractions; 3.7 Solid Separations; 3.8 Conclusions; References; 4 Ionic Liquids; 4.1 Introduction; 4.1.1 The Cations and Anions; 4.1.2 Synthesis of Ionic Liquids; 4.2 Physical Properties of Ionic Liquids; 4.3 Benefits and Problems Associated with Using Ionic Liquids in Synthesis; 4.4 Catalyst Design; 4.5 Conclusions; References; 5 Reactions in Water; 5.1 The Structure and Properties of Water; 5.1.1 The Structure of Water; 5.1.2 Near-Critical Water; 5.1.3 The Hydrophobic Effect 327 $a5.1.4 The Salt Effect 330 $aAt a time when environmental concerns are increasing, it's important that chemical processes are as environmentally friendly as possible. This book outlines various methods for producing inorganic and organic solvents without the use of traditional solvents that can have detrimental effects on the environment. This is the first book to give extensive and exclusive coverage to the topicIncludes important environmental issues This book will appeal to anyone with an interest in organic synthesis; reaction chemistry; catalysis; and process development, and to undergraduate and g 606 $aSolvents 606 $aSolvation 606 $aChemical reactions 606 $aChemical kinetics 615 0$aSolvents. 615 0$aSolvation. 615 0$aChemical reactions. 615 0$aChemical kinetics. 676 $a541.39 700 $aAdams$b Dave J$01727351 701 $aDyson$b Paul J$01727352 701 $aTavener$b Stewart J$01727353 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910840693203321 996 $aChemistry in alternative reaction media$94134266 997 $aUNINA