LEADER 04801nam 22005415 450 001 9910832985103321 005 20230529101353.0 010 $a0-8248-9217-8 024 7 $a10.1515/9780824892173 035 $a(CKB)5580000000489512 035 $a(DE-B1597)644999 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780824892173 035 $a(OCoLC)1380731279 035 $a(ScCtBLL)2edd40cf-dc06-4422-b18b-1e753938f0de 035 $a(EXLCZ)995580000000489512 100 $a20230529h20222023 fg 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aFrom Japanese Empire to American Hegemony $eKoreans and Okinawans in the Resettlement of Northeast Asia /$fMatthew R. Augustine 210 1$aHonolulu : $cUniversity of Hawaii Press, $d[2022] 210 4$dİ2023 215 $a1 online resource (280 p.) $c10 b&w illustrations 225 0 $aStudies of the Weatherhead East Asian Institute, Columbia University 311 $a0-8248-9209-7 327 $tFrontmatter -- $tContents -- $tAcknowledgments -- $tNote on Transliteration -- $tIntroduction -- $tChapter One Liberation and Segregation in Occupied Japan -- $tChapter Two Repatriation as a ?Privilege? for Non-Japanese -- $tChapter Three Resettlement without Reintegration -- $tChapter Four Smuggling as Resistance to US Military Rule -- $tChapter Five ?Blockade Runners? and the Making of ?Aliens? -- $tConclusion -- $tNotes -- $tSelected Bibliography -- $tIndex 330 $aWhen American occupiers broke up the Japanese empire in the wake of World War II, approximately 1.7 million people departed Japan for various parts of Northeast Asia. The mass exodus was spearheaded by Koreans, many of whom chartered small fishing vessels to ship them back quickly to their liberated homeland, while wartime devastation hampered the return of Okinawans to their archipelago. By the time the officially endorsed repatriation program was inaugurated, however, increasing numbers of people began escaping US military rule in southern Korea and the Ryukyu Islands by smuggling themselves into occupied Japan. How and why did these migrants move across borderlines newly drawn by American occupiers in the region? Their personal stories reveal what liberation and defeat meant to displaced peoples, and how the compounding challenges of their resettlement led to the expansion of smuggling networks. The consequent surge of unauthorized border-crossings spurred occupation authorities into forging exclusionary migration regulations. Through a comparative study of Korean and Okinawan experiences during the postwar occupation era, Matthew Augustine explores how their migrations shaped, and were in turn shaped by, American policies throughout the region. This is the first comprehensive study of the dynamic and often contentious relationship between migrations and border controls in US-occupied Japan, Korea, and the Ryukyus, examining the American interlude in Northeast Asia as a closely integrated, regional history. The extent of cooperation and coordination among American occupiers, as well as their competing jurisdictions and interests, determined the mixed outcome of using repatriation and deportation as expedient tools for dismantling the Japanese empire. The heightening Cold War and deepening collaboration between the occupiers and local authorities coproduced stringent migration laws, generating new problems of how to distinguish South Koreans from North Koreans and ?Ryukyuans? from Japanese. In occupied Japan, fears of communist infiltration and subversion merged with deep-seated discrimination, transforming erstwhile colonial subjects into ?aliens? and ?illegal aliens.? This transregional history explains the process by which Northeast Asia and its respective populations were remade between the fall of the Japanese empire and the rise of American hegemony. 410 $aStudies of the Weatherhead East Asian Institute, Columbia University 606 $aBorder crossing$zJapan$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aKoreans$zJapan$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aRyukyuans$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aHISTORY / Asia / Japan$2bisacsh 607 $aJapan$xHistory$yAllied occupation, 1945-1952 607 $aKorea$xHistory$yAllied occupation, 1945-1948 607 $aJapan$xEmigration and immigration$xHistory$y20th century 615 0$aBorder crossing$xHistory 615 0$aKoreans$xHistory 615 0$aRyukyuans$xHistory 615 7$aHISTORY / Asia / Japan. 676 $a940.53/52 700 $aAugustine$b Matthew R., $4aut$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut 801 0$bDE-B1597 801 1$bDE-B1597 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910832985103321 997 $aUNINA