LEADER 00811nam0-22002891i-450- 001 990002037130403321 005 20090402111144.0 035 $a000203713 035 $aFED01000203713 035 $a(Aleph)000203713FED01 035 $a000203713 100 $a20030910d1970----km-y0itay50------ba 101 0 $apol 200 1 $a?owiki, Asilidae$fP. Trojan 210 $aWarszawa$cPolskie Towarzystwo Entomologiczny$d1970 215 $a89 p.$d25 cm 225 1 $aKlucze do Oznaczania Owadow Polski$h28.27$iMuchowki$v65 610 0 $aDitteri 610 0 $aDiptera, Asilidae 676 $a595.77 700 1$aTrojan,$bPrzemyslaw$0360479 801 0$aIT$bUNINA$gRICA$2UNIMARC 901 $aBK 912 $a990002037130403321 952 $a61 V C.6/055.27$b3988 (2/3/93)$fDAGEN 959 $aDAGEN 997 $aUNINA LEADER 08052nam 2200445 450 001 9910828734403321 005 20230630175557.0 010 $a1-5231-4579-X 010 $a1-63081-835-6 035 $a(CKB)4100000011815592 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6554089 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL6554089 035 $a(OCoLC)1247663543 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000011815592 100 $a20220531d2021 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aEW 105 $espace electronic warfare /$fDavid L. Adamy 210 1$aNorwood, Massachusetts :$cArtech House,$d[2021] 210 4$dİ2021 215 $a1 online resource (247 pages) 225 1 $aArtech House electronic warfare library 311 $a1-63081-834-8 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $gMachine generated contents note:$g1.$tIntroduction --$g1.1.$tOrbital Relationships --$g1.2.$tBook Flow --$g1.3.$tHistory of Signal Intelligence Satellite Programs --$g1.4.$tA Note about Orbital Calculations in This Book --$g2.$tSpherical Trigonometry --$g2.1.$tPlane Trigonometry --$g2.1.1.$tThe Law of Sines --$g2.1.2.$tThe Law of Cosines for Sides --$g2.1.3.$tThe Law of Cosines for Angles --$g2.1.4.$tRight Plane Triangle --$g2.2.$tThe Spherical Triangle --$g2.3.$tTrigonometric Relationships in Any Spherical Triangle --$g2.3.1.$tLaw of Sines for Spherical Triangles --$g2.3.2.$tLaw or Cosines tor Sides --$g2.3.3.$tLaw of Cosines for Angles --$g2.3.4.$tThe Right Spherical Triangle --$g2.3.5.$tNapier's Rules --$g2.4.$tExamples of Plane and Spherical Triangles Used in Problems --$g3.$tOrbit Mechanics --$g3.1.$tElements of an Elliptical Orbit --$g3.2.$tRelationship Between the Size of an Orbit and Its Period --$g3.3.$tSVP --$g3.4.$tAn Earth Surface Location --$g3.5.$tThe Propagation Distance --$g3.6.$tEarth Traces --$g3.6.1.$tSatellite Earth Trace --$g3.6.2.$tPolar Orbit Earth Traces --$g3.6.3.$tSynchronous Satellite Earth Traces --$g3.7.$tLocation of an EW Threat --$g3.7.1.$tCalculating the Look Angles --$g3.7.2.$tCalculating the Azimuth to the Threat --$g3.7.3.$tCalculating Range and Elevation to the Threat Location --$g3.8.$tCalculating the Distance to the Horizon --$g3.8.1.$tHorizon Distances for Circular Orbits --$g4.$tRadio Propagation --$g4.1.$tIntroduction --$g4.2.$tOne-Way Link --$g4.3.$tPropagation Loss Models --$g4.3.1.$tLOS Propagation --$g4.3.2.$tTwo-Ray Propagation --$g4.3.3.$tMinimum Antenna Height for Two-Ray Propagation --$g4.3.4.$tA Note about Very Low Antennas --$g4.3.5.$tFresnel Zone --$g4.3.6.$tComplex Reflection Environment --$g4.3.7.$tKED --$g4.3.8.$tAtmospheric Loss --$g4.3.9.$tRain and Fog Attenuation --$g5.$tRadio Propagation In Space --$g5.1.$tLOS Loss --$g5.1.1.$tAtmospheric Loss --$g5.2.$tAntenna Misalignment --$g5.3.$tPolarization Loss --$g5.4.$tRain Loss --$g6.$tSatellite Links --$g6.1.$tLink Geometry --$g6.1.1.$tLooking Down --$g6.1.2.$tPlug in Some Orbit Numbers --$g6.1.3.$tLooking Up --$g6.2.$tUplinks --$g6.2.1.$tCommand Links --$g6.2.2.$tIntercept Links --$g6.3.$tDownlinks --$g6.3.1.$tTelemetry Link --$g6.3.2.$tData Link --$g6.3.3.$tLinks to Data Users --$g6.3.4.$tJamming Links --$g6.4.$tHostile Links --$g7.$tLink Vulnerability To Ew --$g7.1.$tSatellite Vulnerability --$g7.1.1.$tSpace-Related Link Losses --$g7.1.2.$tIntercept --$g7.1.3.$tSpoofing --$g7.1.4.$tJamming --$g7.1.5.$tProblems Worked in This Chapter --$g7.2.$tDownlink Intercept --$g7.2.1.$tGeocentric Angle from the Satellite to the Intercept Site --$g7.2.2.$tRange from the Satellite to the Intercept Site --$g7.2.3.$tIs the Satellite Above the Horizon from the Intercept Site? --$g7.2.4.$tHow Strong Is the Downlink Signal at the Intercept Site --$g7.2.5.$tIntercept with Directional Antennas --$g7.2.6.$tAngles Relative to the Ground Control Station --$g7.2.7.$tAngles Relative to the Hostile Intercept Site --$g7.2.8.$tReceived Signal at the Intercept Site --$g7.2.9.$tWhat Is the Quality of the Intercepted Downlink Signal? --$g7.3.$tIntercepting Uplinks --$g7.4.$tJamming Downlinks --$g7.4.1.$tThe Satellite Downlink --$g7.4.2.$tThe Jammer Link --$g7.4.3.$tThe J/S Formula --$g7.5.$tJamming Satellite Uplinks --$g7.5.1.$tThe Jamming Link --$g7.5.2.$tJamming Link Loss --$g7.5.3.$tGain of 4-m Jamming Antenna at 5 GHz --$g7.5.4.$tJammer ERP --$g7.5.5.$tThe Satellite Uplink --$g7.5.6.$tGain of 2-m Uplink Transmitter Antenna --$g7.5.7.$tUplink ERP --$g7.5.8.$tUplink Loss --$g7.5.9.$tGain and Bandwidth of the Uplink Receiving Antenna on the Satellite --$g7.5.10.$tAntenna 3-dB Beamwidth --$g7.5.11.$tOffset of the Jammer from the Downlink Receiving Antenna --$g7.5.12.$tThe J/S --$g7.6.$tElectronic Protection of Satellite Links --$g7.6.1.$tAttacks on Links --$g7.6.2.$tProtection Against Jamming --$g8.$tDuration And Frequency Of Observations --$g8.1.$tCalculating the Distance to the Horizon --$g8.2.$tHorizon Distances for Circular Orbits --$g8.3.$tCalculating the Duration of Target Availability from a Satellite --$g8.3.1.$tGeocentric Viewing Angle --$g8.3.2.$tTime During Which a Satellite Can See a Point on the Earth --$g8.3.3.$tThe Impact of the Movement of the Earth --$g8.3.4.$tViewing Time Formula --$g8.4.$tDoppler Shift in Satellite Link --$g8.4.1.$tDoppler Shift Formula --$g8.4.2.$tReceiving Site Velocity --$g8.4.3.$tSatellite Velocity --$g8.4.4.$tGeneral Formula for Maximum Doppler Shift --$g8.4.5.$tGeneral Formula for the Doppler Shift --$g9.$tIntercept From Space --$g9.1.$tIntercept of Radar Signal from Low-Earth Satellite --$g9.1.1.$tLink Loss --$g9.1.2.$tLOS Loss --$g9.1.3.$tAtmospheric and Rain Loss --$g9.1.4.$tCan the Satellite Payload Receive the Signal? --$g9.1.5.$tReceiver Sensitivity --$g9.1.6.$tLink Margin --$g9.1.7.$tCould the Satellite Receive the Signal from Its Horizon? --$g9.1.8.$tHow Long Will the Satellite See the Signal? --$g9.2.$tHorizon Plot on the Earth --$g9.3.$tIntercept of the Earth Surface Target Using a Narrow-Beam Receiving Antenna --$g9.3.1.$tAntenna Pointing --$g9.3.2.$tIntercept Link Equation --$g9.3.3.$tLink Losses --$g9.3.4.$tIntercept from the Horizon --$g9.4.$tIntercept from the Synchronous Satellite --$g9.4.1.$tWith the Satellite on the Horizon --$g9.4.2.$tWith the Satellite Directly Overhead --$g10.$tJamming From Space --$g10.1.$tJamming of a Ground Signal from a Satellite --$g10.2.$tJamming from a Satellite --$g10.3.$tJamming of a Communications Network --$g10.3.1.$tThe Network --$g10.3.2.$tLink Equations --$g10.3.3.$tJ/S --$g10.4.$tJamming a Microwave Digital Data Link --$g10.5.$tJamming of a Ground Radar from Space --$g10.5.1.$tRadar Jamming from a Satellite --$g10.5.2.$tThe Jammed Radar and Its Target --$g10.5.3.$tThe Jammer --$g10.5.4.$tThe Jamming Equation --$g10.5.5.$tThe Jamming Adequacy --$g10.5.6.$tProtecting an Asset with Low Radar Cross-Section --$g10.5.7.$tDuration of Jamming --$gA.$tFORMULAS FROM SIGNAL INTELLIGENCE AND EW --$gA.1.$tIntercept Formulas --$gA.1.1.$tSuccessful Intercept --$gA.1.2.$tThe Intercept Link Equation --$gA.1.3.$tReceived Signal Quality --$gA.2.$tCommunication Jamming --$gA.2.1.$tSuccessful Communications Jamming --$gA.2.2.$tCommunications J/S --$gA.2.3.$tCommunications EP --$gA.3.$tRadar Jamming --$gA.3.1.$tSuccessful Radar Jamming --$gA.3.2.$tSelf-Protection Jamming --$gA.3.3.$tStand-Off Jamming --$gA.3.4.$tRequired J/S --$gA.3.5.$tRadar EP --$gB.$tImportant Numbers For Space EW --$gC.$tDecibel Math --$gC.1.$tDecibel Numbers --$gC.2.$tConversion to Decibel Form --$gC.3.$tAbsolute Values in Decibel Form --$gC.4.$tDecibel Forms of Equations --$gC.5.$tQuick Conversions to Decibel Values. 410 0$aArtech House electronic warfare library. 606 $aElectronics in military engineering 615 0$aElectronics in military engineering. 676 $a623.043 700 $aAdamy$b David$0536436 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910828734403321 996 $aEW 105$94115650 997 $aUNINA