LEADER 04990nam 2200709 450 001 9910828708403321 005 20240131151008.0 010 $a0-8014-5648-7 024 7 $a10.7591/9780801456480 035 $a(CKB)3710000000462625 035 $a(EBL)3425989 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001533020 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12619952 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001533020 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11483355 035 $a(PQKB)11506733 035 $a(StDuBDS)EDZ0001495537 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3425989 035 $a(OCoLC)1080551373 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse58242 035 $a(DE-B1597)478667 035 $a(OCoLC)916715144 035 $a(OCoLC)920784842 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780801456480 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3425989 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11084148 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL821877 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000462625 100 $a20150813h20152015 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnnu---|u||u 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aBrethren by nature $eNew England Indians, colonists, and the origins of American slavery /$fMargaret Ellen Newell 210 1$aIthaca, New York ;$aLondon, [England] :$cCornell University Press,$d2015. 210 4$dİ2015 215 $a1 online resource (328 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 0 $a0-8014-3415-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFront matter --$tContents --$tAcknowledgments --$tNote on Spelling and Dates --$tIntroduction --$tChapter 1. "Davids warre" --$tChapter 2. "I doe not see how wee can thrive untill wee gett into a stock of slaves" --$tChapter 3. "Indians we have received into our houses" --$tChapter 4. "Such a servant is part of her Master's estate" --$tChapter 5. "An Indian to help in the work" --$tChapter 6. "We sold ... 47 Indians, young and old for 80£. in money" --$tChapter 7. "As good if not better then the Moorish Slaves" --$tChapter 8. "Free men subjects to the king" --$tChapter 9. To be sold "in any part of ye kings Dominyons" --$tEpilogue --$tAbbreviations --$tNotes --$tIndex 330 $aIn Brethren by Nature, Margaret Ellen Newell reveals a little-known aspect of American history: English colonists in New England enslaved thousands of Indians. Massachusetts became the first English colony to legalize slavery in 1641, and the colonists' desire for slaves shaped the major New England Indian wars, including the Pe" War of 1637, King Philip's War of 1675-76, and the northeastern Wabanaki conflicts of 1676-1749. When the wartime conquest of Indians ceased, New Englanders turned to the courts to get control of their labor, or imported Indians from Florida and the Carolinas, or simply claimed free Indians as slaves. Drawing on letters, diaries, newspapers, and court records, Newell recovers the slaves' own stories and shows how they influenced New England society in crucial ways. Indians lived in English homes, raised English children, and manned colonial armies, farms, and fleets, exposing their captors to Native religion, foods, and technology. Some achieved freedom and power in this new colonial culture, but others experienced violence, surveillance, and family separations. Newell also explains how slavery linked the fate of Africans and Indians. The trade in Indian captives connected New England to Caribbean and Atlantic slave economies. Indians labored on sugar plantations in Jamaica, tended fields in the Azores, and rowed English naval galleys in Tangier. Indian slaves outnumbered Africans within New England before 1700, but the balance soon shifted. Fearful of the growing African population, local governments stripped Indian and African servants and slaves of legal rights and personal freedoms. Nevertheless, because Indians remained a significant part of the slave population, the New England colonies did not adopt all of the rigid racial laws typical of slave societies in Virginia and Barbados. Newell finds that second- and third-generation Indian slaves fought their enslavement and claimed citizenship in cases that had implications for all enslaved peoples in eighteenth-century America. 606 $aEnslaved Indians$zNew England$xHistory$y17th century 606 $aEnslaved Indians$zNew England$xHistory$y18th century 606 $aSlavery$zNew England$xHistory$y17th century 606 $aSlavery$zNew England$xHistory$y18th century 607 $aNew England$xHistory$yColonial period, ca. 1600-1775 607 $aNew England$xRace relations 615 0$aEnslaved Indians$xHistory 615 0$aEnslaved Indians$xHistory 615 0$aSlavery$xHistory 615 0$aSlavery$xHistory 676 $a974/.01 700 $aNewell$b Margaret Ellen$f1962-$01050761 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910828708403321 996 $aBrethren by nature$93959633 997 $aUNINA