LEADER 11226nam 2200673Ia 450 001 9910828533003321 005 20240410164532.0 010 $a1-61942-428-2 035 $a(CKB)2670000000160540 035 $a(EBL)3017660 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000689363 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12275804 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000689363 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10614522 035 $a(PQKB)10038596 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3017660 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3017660 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10654631 035 $a(OCoLC)923652944 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000160540 100 $a20110208d2011 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aFuture of the Internet$b[electronic resource] $esocial networks, policy issues, and learning tools /$fRick D. Sullivan and Dominick P. Bartell, editors 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aNew York $cNova Science Publishers$dc2011 215 $a1 online resource (228 p.) 225 0 $aInternet theory, technology and applications 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-61209-597-6 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aIntro -- FUTURE OF THE INTERNET: SOCIAL NETWORKS, POLICY ISSUES AND LEARNING TOOLS -- FUTURE OF THE INTERNET: SOCIAL NETWORKS, POLICY ISSUES AND LEARNING TOOLS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- USING ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKS TO LOOK AT THE FUTURE -- AN OVERVIEW OF ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKS (OSNS) -- INTRODUCTION TO FORESIGHT -- OSNS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FORESIGHT -- OSNS TO PROVIDE EVIDENCE -- OSNS TO BUILD EXPERTISE -- OSNS TO ENCOURAGE CREATIVITY -- OSNS TO FOSTER INTERACTION -- OUTLOOK FOR THE FUTURE: METAVERSES AND SECOND LIFE -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- PERSONAL INFORMATION AGENCY AND RESELLER ADHERENCE TO KEY PRIVACY PRINCIPLES -- WHAT GAO FOUND -- WHY GAO DID THIS STUDY -- WHAT GAO RECOMMENDS -- ABBREVIATIONS -- RESULTS IN BRIEF -- BACKGROUND -- Federal Laws and Guidance Govern Use of Personal Information in Federal Agencies -- Additional Laws Provide Privacy Protections for Specific Types and Uses of Information -- The Fair Information Practices Are Widely Agreed to Be Key Principles for Privacy Protection -- Congressional Interest in the Information Reseller Industry Has Been Heightened -- USING GOVERNMENTWIDE CONTRACTS, FEDERAL AGENCIES OBTAIN -- Personal Information from Information Resellers for a Variety of Purposes -- Department of Justice Uses Information Resellers Primarily for Law Enforcement and Counterterrorism Purposes -- DHS Uses Information Resellers Primarily for Law Enforcement and Counterterrorism -- SSA Uses Information Resellers Primarily for Fraud Prevention and Identity Verification -- The Department of State Uses Information Resellers Primarily for Passport Fraud Detection and Investigation -- Agencies Contract with Information Resellers Primarily through Use of GSA's Federal Supply Schedules and the Library of Congress's FEDLINK Service. 327 $aRESELLERS TAKE STEPS TO PROTECT PRIVACY, BUT THESE MEASURES ARE NOT FULLY CONSISTENT WITH THE FAIR INFORMATION PRACTICES -- Information Resellers Generally Did Not Report Limiting Their Data Collection to Specific Purposes or Notifying Individuals about Them -- Information Resellers Do Not Ensure That Personal Information They Provide Is Accurate for Specific Purposes -- Information Resellers' Specification of the Purpose of Data Collection Consists of Broad Descriptions of Business Categories -- Information Resellers Generally Limit the Use of Information as Required by Law, Rather Than on the Basis of Purposes Originally Specified When the Information Was Collected -- Information Resellers Reported Taking Steps to Improve Security Safeguards -- Information Resellers Generally Informed the Public about Their Privacy Policies and Practices -- Information Reseller Policies Generally Allow Individuals Limited Ability to Access and Correct Their Personal Information -- Information Resellers Report Measures to Ensure Accountability for the Collection and Use of Personal Information -- AGENCIES LACK POLICIES ON USE OF RESELLER DATA, AND PRACTICES DO NOT CONSISTENTLY REFLECT THE FAIR INFORMATION PRACTICES -- Agency Procedures Reflect the Collection Limitation, Data Quality, Use Limitation, and Security Safeguards Principles -- Limitations in the Applicability of the Privacy Act and Ambiguities in OMB Guidance Contribute to an Uneven Adherence to the Purpose Specification, Openness, and Individual Participation Principles -- Privacy Impact Assessments Could Address Openness, and Purpose Specification Principles but Are Often Not Conducted -- Agencies Often Did Not Have Practices in Place to Ensure Accountability for Proper Handling of Information Reseller Data -- CONCLUSIONS -- MATTER FOR CONGRESSIONAL CONSIDERATION. 327 $aRECOMMENDATIONS FOR EXECUTIVE ACTION -- AGENCY COMMENTS AND OUR EVALUATION -- COMMENTS FROM INFORMATION RESELLERS -- LIST OF REQUESTERS -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX I -- Objectives, Scope, and Methodology -- APPENDIX II -- Federal Laws Affecting Information Resellers -- Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act -- Driver's Privacy Protection Act -- Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act -- Fair Credit Reporting Act -- Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act -- APPENDIX III -- Comments from the Department of Justice -- APPENDIX IV -- Comments from the Department of Homeland Security -- APPENDIX V -- Comments from the Social Security Administration -- APPENDIX VI -- Comments from the Department of State -- PERSONAL INFORMATION: KEY FEDERAL PRIVACY LAWS DO NOT REQUIRE INFORMATION RESELLERS TO SAFEGUARD ALL SENSITIVE DATA -- WHAT GAO FOUND -- WHY GAO DID THIS STUDY -- WHAT GAO RECOMMENDS -- ABBREVIATIONS -- RESULTS IN BRIEF -- BACKGROUND -- FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS USE INFORMATION RESELLERS FOR ELIGIBILITY DETERMINATIONS, FRAUD PREVENTION, PATRIOT ACT COMPLIANCE, AND MARKETING -- Consumer Reports Sold by Credit Bureaus and Other CRAs Are Used to Make Credit and Insurance Eligibility Decisions -- Financial Institutions Use Information Resellers to Comply with the PATRIOT Act, Prevent Fraud, Mitigate Risk, and Locate Individuals -- Complying with PATRIOT Act Requirements -- Preventing and Detecting Fraud -- Reducing Risk and Locating Individuals -- Some Financial Institutions Use Information Resellers for Marketing -- FEDERAL PRIVACY AND INFORMATION SECURITY LAWS APPLY TO MANY INFORMATION RESELLER PRODUCTS, DEPENDING ON THEIR USE AND SOURCE -- Several Federal Privacy and Security Laws Apply to Personal Data Held by Information Resellers -- FCRA Applies Only to Consumer Information Used to Determine Eligibility. 327 $aFCRA Provides Access, Correction, and Opt-Out Rights for Consumer Reports -- GLBA Applies to Information Resellers That Are Financial Institutions or Receive Information from Financial Institutions -- GLBA Privacy Provisions -- GLBA Safeguarding Provisions -- No Federal Statute Requires Notification of Data Breaches -- FTC HAS PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY FOR ENFORCING INFORMATION RESELLERS' COMPLIANCE WITH PRIVACY AND INFORMATION SECURITY LAWS -- FTC Has Primary Federal Enforcement Authority over Information Resellers -- FTC Has Investigated and Initiated Formal Enforcement Actions against Information Resellers for FCRA and FTC Act Violations -- FTC Cannot Levy Civil Penalties for GLBA Information Privacy and Security Violations -- AGENCIES DIFFER IN THEIR OVERSIGHT OF THE PRIVACY AND SECURITY OF PERSONAL INFORMATION AT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS -- Financial Institutions and Their Regulators Said They Do Not Distinguish between Data from Information Resellers and Other Sources -- Federal Banking Agencies Provide Guidance and Examine Regulated Banking Organizations for GLBA and FCRA Compliance -- Regulations and Other Guidance -- Examinations and Enforcement Actions -- Securities Regulators Oversee GLBA Compliance of Securities Firms -- Regulations and Other Guidance -- Examinations and Enforcement Actions -- NASD and NYSE Regulation Oversee Compliance of Member Broker-Dealers -- State Insurance Regulators Require Insurers to Comply with Information Privacy and Security Provisions, but Enforcement May Be Limited -- NAIC Has Developed Model GLBA Privacy and Safeguarding Rules, but Not All States Have Adopted GLBA Regulations -- Individual State Insurance Regulators Have Not Consistently Examined for Privacy and Security Compliance -- FTC Enforces GLBA and FCRA Compliance of Financial Institutions within Its Jurisdiction. 327 $aNCUA, Securities, and Insurance Regulators Do Not Have Full Authority to Examine Third-Party Vendors, Including Information Resellers -- CONCLUSIONS -- MATTERS FOR CONGRESSIONAL CONSIDERATION -- RECOMMENDATION FOR EXECUTIVE ACTION -- AGENCY COMMENTS -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX I: SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY -- APPENDIX II: SAMPLE INFORMATION RESELLER REPORTS -- Sample Insurance Claims History Report -- Sample Deposit Account History Report -- Sample Identity Verification and OFAC Screening Report -- Sample Fraud Investigation Report -- APPENDIX III: COMMENTS FROM THE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION -- SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS: INTERNET RESELLERS PROVIDE FEW FULL SSNS, BUT CONGRESS SHOULD CONSIDER ENACTING STANDARDS FOR TRUNCATING SSNS -- WHAT GAO FOUND -- WHY GAO DID THIS STUDY -- WHAT GAO RECOMMENDS -- ABBREVIATIONS -- RESULTS IN BRIEF -- BACKGROUND -- INTERNET RESELLERS' WEB SITES SHARED SIMILAR CHARACTERISTICS -- Internet Resellers Offered to Sell a Variety of Information in Various Ways -- Internet Resellers Usually Identified Their Clients -- Three-Quarters of Internet Resellers Identified Their Sources of Information -- MOST ATTEMPTS TO PURCHASE SSNS FAILED -- APPLICABILITY OF FEDERAL PRIVACY LAWS TO INTERNET RESELLERS CANNOT BE DETERMINED -- CONCLUSIONS -- MATTER FOR CONGRESSIONAL CONSIDERATION -- AGENCY COMMENTS AND OUR EVALUATION -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX I: SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY -- APPENDIX II: COMMENTS FROM THE SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION -- E-GOVERNANCE IN THE PACIFIC ISLANDS: ENTRENCHING GOOD GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT BY PROMOTING ICT STRATEGIES BASED ON THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. WHAT IS THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION? -- 3. THE VALUE OF THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION -- 3.1. Promoting Democratic Governance -- 3.2. Supporting Participatory Development and Effective Service Delivery. 327 $a3.3. Supports State-building and Promotes National Stability. 410 0$aInternet Theory, Technology and Applications 606 $aInternet 606 $aOnline social networks 606 $aTelecommunication policy 606 $aDisclosure of information 615 0$aInternet. 615 0$aOnline social networks. 615 0$aTelecommunication policy. 615 0$aDisclosure of information. 676 $a004.67/8 701 $aSullivan$b Rick D$01669748 701 $aBartell$b Dominick P$01669749 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910828533003321 996 $aFuture of the Internet$94031158 997 $aUNINA