LEADER 05119nam 2200769Ia 450 001 9910827770403321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-134-42934-7 010 $a1-134-42935-5 010 $a1-280-02243-4 010 $a0-203-42313-5 010 $a0-203-42548-0 010 $a9780203423135 024 7 $a10.4324/9780203423134 035 $a(CKB)1000000000251596 035 $a(EBL)172844 035 $a(OCoLC)437079526 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000331853 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12071761 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000331853 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10330723 035 $a(PQKB)11138736 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000302161 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11212291 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000302161 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10266161 035 $a(PQKB)11208577 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC172844 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL172844 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10100347 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL2243 035 $a(OCoLC)53893743 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000251596 100 $a20020813d2003 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aMajor world religions $efrom their origins to the present /$fedited by Lloyd Ridgeon 210 $aLondon ;$aNew York $cRoutledgeCurzon$d2003 215 $a1 online resource (399 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-415-29796-6 311 $a0-415-29768-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and indexes. 327 $aBook Cover; Title; Contents; LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS; INTRODUCTION: STUDYING RELIGION; HINDUISM; In what sense is Hinduism a religion?; Hinduism in history; The Harappan period; The period of the north Indian empires; The period of regional kingdoms; The period of Muslim rule; The period of British rule; Independence; Karma, rebirth and cyclic time; Karma and rebirth; Theodicy; Karma and other determinants of destiny; Cyclic time; Karma and cosmic time in the modern world; Dharma: norms of conduct; The literature of dharma; Differentiation by gender; Differentiation by caste 327 $aDifferentiation by stage of lifeDifferentiation by age of the world; The gods and God; Patterns of worship and its objects; The divine feminine; Local deities and pan-Hindu deities; Avataras and saints; Hindu worship and theology in the modern world; BUDDHISM; Pragmatism; The Four Noble Truths; The sangha; The Abhidharma; The emergence of Mahayana Buddhism; The Bodhisattva; Emptiness (sunyata); The Yogacara; The Tathagata-garbha; From India to China; Translation; Sudden enlightenment; Philosophization and simplification; Hua-yen; Pure-Land Buddhism; Pure-Land Buddhism in Japan; Zen 327 $aTranscendentalism againJUDAISM; Reliable and unreliable sources of knowledge; 'Judaism is not a Christian heresy'; The roots of Judaism; The historical beginnings of Rabbinic Judaism; The religious principles of Rabbinic Judaism; The Mishnah and Tosefta; Some parallels with Christianity; The medieval flowering of Judaism; The Talmuds; The commentaries and grammars; Philosophy and ethics; Zohar and kabbalah; Messianism; Sabbatai Sevi; Jewish Christians, Jews for Jesus and Messianic Judaism; Towards modernity: Hasidism and the Haskalah; The Hasidic movement; The Haskalah 327 $aReform, Orthodox and Conservative JudaismAnti-Semitism and the Holocaust; The Holocaust; Zionism and the land of Israel; Eretz Yisrael; CHRISTIANITY; Key texts: the formation of the biblical canon; Theological 'canon'?; The Church and the world: a variety of approaches; The early Christian Church; Constantine: first Christian emperor; East and West: the first Christian centuries; The Christian Church in the Western world: the Protestant Reformation; The Christian Church: communities of resistance and renewal; Western Christianity and the challenges of the modern world 327 $aThe challenge of Enlightenment philosophyChallenges of secularism, pluralism and postmodernism; The challenge of evil: the Holocaust; The challenge of feminism; The Church beyond Europe; India: the Church of St Thomas; Africa: the Ethiopian Church; The epic tale of Christian missionaries; The Church in North America; ISLAM; The testament of faith (shahada); ' and Muhammad is his messenger.'; Prayer (salat); Sufism; Fasting (sawm); The Qur'an; The Qur'an as a text; Limits of interpretation; The alms tax (zakat); Islamic law; Pilgrimage (hajj); The hajj rites; Pluralism 327 $aJihad: Islam and the state 330 $aThis book focuses upon those religions that continue to demand the attention of the Western world. 606 $aReligions$xHistory 606 $aCivilization$xHistory 615 0$aReligions$xHistory. 615 0$aCivilization$xHistory. 676 $a200/.9 686 $a11.01$2bcl 701 $aRidgeon$b Lloyd V. J$0990773 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910827770403321 996 $aMajor world religions$94112238 997 $aUNINA