LEADER 06346nam 2200613Ia 450 001 9910827575003321 005 20240416234431.0 010 $a1-280-22233-6 010 $a9786610222339 010 $a0-309-56433-6 010 $a0-585-15566-6 035 $a(CKB)111004366656350 035 $a(OCoLC)70772892 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10056795 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000210180 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11198226 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000210180 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10282334 035 $a(PQKB)11377239 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3376522 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3376522 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10056795 035 $a(OCoLC)940510280 035 $a(EXLCZ)99111004366656350 100 $a19851028d1985 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aNew directions for biosciences research in agriculture $ehigh-reward opportunities /$fCommittee on Biosciences Research and Agriculture, Board on Agriculture, National Research Council 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academy Press$d1985 215 $a1 online resource (136 p.) 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 $a0-309-07850-4 311 $a0-309-03542-2 327 $aNew Directions for Biosciences Research in Agriculture -- Copyright -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- SETTING PRIORITIES -- RESEARCH IN THE BIOSCIENCES -- Genetic Engineering -- Food Animals -- Disease -- Growth and Metabolism -- Development and Reproduction -- Crops -- Carbon and Nitrogen Input -- Growth and Development -- Physicochemical Stress -- Plant Diseases and Insect Pests -- Plant-Pathogen Interactions -- Biological Control -- Insect Neurobiology -- Pesticides -- OPTIMAL CLIMATE FOR BASIC RESEARCH -- Periodic Outside Review -- Leadership -- Ars Centers -- Staff and Activities -- Budget Flexibility -- Outside Relationships -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering -- STRUCTURE, ORGANIZATION, AND EXPRESSION OF GENES -- ISOLATION -- Cloning -- Transfer -- Expression -- OPPORTUNITIES IN THE PLANT SCIENCES -- Gene Isolation -- Gene Transfer -- Plasmids as Vectors -- Transposable Elements as Vectors -- Viruses as Vectors -- Other Vectors: Microinjection and Direct DNA Uptake -- Cell Culture and Plant Regeneration -- Gene Expression -- Effect of Location on Gene Expression -- Regulatory Sequences -- Transient Expression Assays -- Multiple Gene Traits -- Research Status -- ASPECTS OF MOLECULAR GENETICS OF FOOD ANIMALS -- Gene Transfer -- Microinjection into the Germ Line -- Retroviral-based Vectors -- Other Vectors -- Gene Identification and Cross Cloning -- Gene Expression -- Research Status -- POTENTIAL IMPACT ON U.S. AGRICULTURE -- 3 Animal Science -- MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE -- Genes Regulating the Immune Response -- Major Histocompatibility Complex -- Lymphocyte Hormones -- Antibodies -- Pathogens and Vectors -- Disease Control -- Molecular Diagnostics -- Therapeutic Agents -- Research Status -- MOLECULAR BASIS FOR METABOLIC REGULATION. 327 $aCharacterization of Endogenous Chemical Mediators -- Metabolic Control and Function of Cells -- Factors Influencing Intake and Digestion -- Research Status -- DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY AND REPRODUCTION -- Differentiation -- In Vitro Manipulation of Gametes and Embryos -- Addition of Genetic Information to Embryos -- Reproductive Efficiency -- Research Status -- 4 Plant Science -- CARBON AND NITROGEN INPUT FOR PLANT GROWTH -- Photosynthesis -- Chloroplast Functions -- Carbon Fixation -- Photosynthetic Efficiency -- Harvest Index -- Nitrogen Metabolism -- Biological Nitrogen Fixation -- Improving Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation -- Host Plant Improvement -- Other Aspects of Nitrogen Metabolism -- Essential Amino Acids -- Nitrates and Nitrites -- Fertilizer Nitrogen Losses -- Research Status -- REGULATION OF PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT -- Biosynthetic Pathways -- Chemical Analysis -- Genetic Variants -- Gene Expression -- Photomorphogenesis -- Cell Culture and Plant Regeneration -- Research Status -- PHYSICOCHEMICAL STRESS -- Plant Responses to Stress Factors -- Drought -- Salinity -- Low Temperature -- High Temperature -- Stress-Tolerance Mechanisms -- Research Status -- 5 Plant Diseases and Insect Pests -- MOLECULAR BASES OF PLANT-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS -- Molecular Determinants of Resistance and Susceptibility -- Genetics -- Gene Products -- Gene Structure -- Gene Transfer -- MOLECULAR BASIS OF CELLULAR DAMAGE IN SUSCEPTIBLE HOSTS -- Mode of Action of Toxins -- Nucleic Acid Interactions -- Bacterial Interactions -- Research Status -- MODIFICATION OF MICROORGANISMS FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AND ORGANIC PESTICIDE DISPOSAL -- Microbial Agents for Biological Control -- Control of Pathogens -- Control of Insect Pests -- Control of Nematodes -- Plant Health Microorganisms -- Biological Degradation of Organic Pesticides -- Research Status. 327 $aMOLECULAR BASIS OF PESTICIDE ACTION -- Research Status -- INSECT NEUROBIOLOGY AND THE REGULATION OF DEVELOPMENT AND REPRODUCTION -- Insect Neurobiology -- Endocrine Regulation of Metamorphosis, Diapause, and Reproduction -- Research Status -- 6 The Optimal Climate for Basic Research -- INTRODUCTION -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- Periodic Outside Review -- Leadership -- National Program Staff -- New Centers -- Interdisciplinary Activities -- Consolidation -- Leveraging -- Postdoctoral Program -- Appointment of New Staff -- Budget -- Support Staff -- Sabbaticals/Retraining -- Scientific Meeting Attendance -- Publications -- University Relationships -- Industry Relationships -- Public Relations -- CONCLUSION -- Appendix -- AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE LABORATORY GROUPS VISITED. 606 $aAgriculture$xResearch$zUnited States 606 $aBiology$xResearch$zUnited States 606 $aGenetic engineering$xResearch$zUnited States 615 0$aAgriculture$xResearch 615 0$aBiology$xResearch 615 0$aGenetic engineering$xResearch 676 $a630/.72073 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910827575003321 996 $aNew directions for biosciences research in agriculture$94084054 997 $aUNINA