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010   $a1-4527-6217-1
010   $a1-4518-7323-9
010   $a9786612843877
010   $a1-282-84387-7
035   $a(CKB)3170000000055326
035   $a(EBL)1608405
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035   $a(PQKBManifestationID)11518974
035   $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000939950
035   $a(PQKBWorkID)10946354
035   $a(PQKB)10037270
035   $a(OCoLC)450034800
035   $a(IMF)WPIEE2009176
035   $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1608405
035   $a(EXLCZ)993170000000055326
100   $a20100609d2009      uf         0
101 0 $aeng
135   $aur|n|---|||||
181   $ctxt
182   $cc
183   $acr
200 10$aTourism specialization and economic development $eevidence from the UNESCO World Heritage List /$fprepared by Rabah Arezki, Reda Cherif, and John Piotrowski
205   $a1st ed.
210   $a[Washington, D.C.] $cInternational Monetary Fund, IMF Institute and Fiscal Affairs Dept.$d2009
215   $a1 online resource (26 p.)
225 1 $aIMF working paper ;$vWP/09/176
300   $a"July 2009."
311   $a1-4519-1749-X 
320   $aIncludes bibliographical references.
327   $aContents; I. Introduction; Figures; 1. Economic Growth and Tourism Specialization; II. UNESCO World Heritage List as An Instrument for Tourism Specialization; 2. UNESCO World Heritage Around the World; Tables; 1. Regional and Historical Distribution of World Heritage Sites (2002); 2. Correlation Between Total UNESCO World Heritage Sites and Average UN Voting Coincidence, 1980-2000; III. Empirical Investigation; A. Data and Specification; B. Results; 3. Benchmark Regressions; C. Robustness; IV. Conclusion; Appendixes; I. Data Description and Sources; Appendix Tables; 1. Data Description
327   $a2. Countries Included in the SampleII. Additional Robustness Checks; 3. Robustness using Various WHL; 4. Robustness to Using Only Cultural Sites; 5. Robustness to Removing various Centuries from the WHL; 6. Robustness to Using Additional Instruments for Tourism; 7. Robustness to using Different Measures of GDP; References
330 3 $aThe present paper investigates whether tourism specialization is a viable strategy for development. We estimate standard growth equations augmented with a variable measuring tourism specialization using instrumental variables techniques for a large cross-section of countries for the period 1980-2002. We introduce an instrument for tourism based on the UNESCO World Heritage List. We find that there is a positive relationship between the extent of tourism specialization and economic growth. An increase of one standard deviation in the share of tourism in exports leads to about 0.5 percentage point in additional annual growth, everything else being constant. Our result holds against a large array of robustness checks.
410  0$aIMF working paper ;$vWP/09/176.
606   $aTourism
606   $aEconomic development
615  0$aTourism.
615  0$aEconomic development.
676   $a301.24
700   $aArezki$b Rabah$01595842
701   $aCherif$b Reda$01645381
701   $aPiotrowski$b John M$01762744
712 02$aIMF Institute.
712 02$aInternational Monetary Fund.$bFiscal Affairs Dept.
801  0$bMiAaPQ
801  1$bMiAaPQ
801  2$bMiAaPQ
906   $aBOOK
912   $a9910827475003321
996   $aTourism specialization and economic development$94202862
997   $aUNINA