LEADER 04341nam 2200697Ia 450 001 9910827235703321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a0-8018-7788-1 035 $a(CKB)111056486616154 035 $a(OCoLC)51493792 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10021647 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000107483 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11138514 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000107483 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10008972 035 $a(PQKB)10778591 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000474702 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11315627 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000474702 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10454262 035 $a(PQKB)11135670 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3318173 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3318173 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10021647 035 $a(OCoLC)923191471 035 $a(EXLCZ)99111056486616154 100 $a20000104d2000 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aAudacious reforms $einstitutional invention and democracy in Latin America /$fMerilee S. Grindle 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aBaltimore $cJohns Hopkins University Press$d2000 215 $a1 online resource (xiv, 269 pages) 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 0 $a0-8018-6421-6 311 0 $a0-8018-6420-8 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. [245]-262) and index. 327 $a1. Audacious reforms : democratizing Latin America -- 2. Explaining the unexpected -- 3. Institutional invention in Venezuela : legitimizing the system -- 4. New rules of the game : consequences of change in Venezuela -- 5. Political engineering in Bolivia : the law for popular participation -- 6. A new conundrum : national-local politics in Bolivia -- 7. Pacting institutional change in Argentina -- 8. Waiting for Godot? constitutional change in Argentine practice -- 9. Democratizing reforms : origins and consequences. 330 $aAudacious Reforms examines the creation of new political institutions in three Latin American countries: direct elections for governors and mayors in Venezuela, radical municipalization in Bolivia, and direct election of the mayor of Buenos Aires in Argentina. Diverging from the usual incremental processes of political change, these cases marked a significant departure from traditional centralized governments. Such "audacious reforms," explains Merilee S. Grindle, reinvent the ways in which public problems are manifested and resolved, the ways in which political actors calculate the costs and benefits of their activities, and the ways in which social groups relate to the political process. Grindle considers three central questions: Why would rational politicians choose to give up power? What accounts for the selection of some institutions rather than others? And how does the introduction of new institutions alter the nature of political actions? The case studies of Venezuela, Bolivia, and Argentina demonstrate that institutional invention must be understood from theoretical perspectives that stretch beyond immediate concerns about electoral gains and political support building. Broader theoretical perspectives on the definition of nation and state, the nature of political contests, the legitimacy of political systems, and the role of elites all must be considered. While past conflicts are not erased by reforms, in the new order there is often greater potential for more responsible, accountable, and democratic government. 606 $aLocal elections$zLatin America$vCase studies 606 $aDecentralization in government$zLatin America$vCase studies 606 $aCentral-local government relations$zLatin America$vCase studies 606 $aDemocracy$zLatin America$vCase studies 606 $aPolitical participation$zLatin America$vCase studies 615 0$aLocal elections 615 0$aDecentralization in government 615 0$aCentral-local government relations 615 0$aDemocracy 615 0$aPolitical participation 676 $a320.98 700 $aGrindle$b Merilee Serrill$088779 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910827235703321 996 $aAudacious reforms$94188528 997 $aUNINA