LEADER 04834nam 2200553Ia 450 001 9910825673503321 005 20240417002431.0 010 $a0-309-13301-7 010 $a1-280-18507-4 010 $a9786610185078 010 $a0-309-58873-1 035 $a(CKB)110986584753284 035 $a(EBL)3377826 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000283761 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11254187 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000283761 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10250654 035 $a(PQKB)11503621 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3377826 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3377826 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10072156 035 $a(OCoLC)923273397 035 $a(EXLCZ)99110986584753284 100 $a20020912d2001 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 02$aA risk-management strategy for PCB-contaminated sediments /$fCommittee on Remediation of PCB-Contaminated Sediments, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Division on Life and Earth Studies, National Research Council 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, D.C. ;$a[Great Britain] $cNational Academy Press$dc2001 215 $a1 online resource (452 p.) 300 $a"This project was supported by Grant No. R 827175-01 between the National Academy of Sciences and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency"-T.p. verso. 311 $a0-309-07321-9 327 $aPreface -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- Background -- The Committee's Task -- The Committee's Approach -- Major Conclusions and Recommendations -- Discussion -- 1 Introduction -- Overview of PCBs In Sediments -- The Committee's Task -- The Committee's Approach -- Report Organization -- Reference -- 2 PCBs In The Environment -- Defining PCBs -- History of PCBs -- Distribution and Dynamics of PCBs In The Environment -- Potential Exposure Pathways -- Toxicity of PCBs -- Mode of Actionpotential Human Health Effects of PCBs -- The Potential Ecological Impacts of PCBs -- Weathering of PCBs -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- 3 The Framework -- Risk-Management Framework -- Rationale For and Advantages of the Framework -- Outline of the Risk-Management Framework -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- 4 Community Involvement -- Specific Community Concerns -- Defining The Community -- "Stakeholders" versus "Affected Parties" -- The need for Community Involvement -- Benefits of Community Involvement -- Involving The Community -- Build A Working Relationship With The Community -- Establish Trust and Respect Between All Parties -- Involve the Community as a Respected Partner -- Empowerment -- Communication -- Commitment -- Process Transparency -- Community Outreach and Education -- The Role of Regulatory Agencies -- Mechanisms For Involving The Community -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- 5 Defining The Problem and Setting Management Goals -- Defining The Problem -- Public Health Problems -- Ecological Problems - social Impacts -- Cultural Impacts -- Economic Impacts -- Site Assessment -- Sources of PCBs -- Characterization of Present Contamination -- Co-Contaminants -- Setting Risk-Management Goals -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- 6 Analyzing Risks -- Environmental Risk Assessment -- Problem Formulation -- Analysis Phase -- PCB Exposure Assessment -- Field Monitoring -- Accumulation of PCBs In Sediments -- Accumulation of PCBs In Benthic Organisms and Fish -- PCB Exposure Models -- Hydrodynamic Transport -- Sediment Transport -- Organic Carbon -- PCB Transport and Fate -- PCB Bioaccumulation -- Summary of Exposure Modeling Results -- PCB Effects Assessment -- Congener-Specific Exposure and Effects -- Toxicity Equivalent Values -- Biota-Sediment-Accumulation-Factor Values -- Effects of PCBs on Wildlife -- Toxicity Results For Lower Trophic Organisms -- Toxicity Results For Fish -- Toxicity Results For Birds -- Toxicity Results For Nonhuman Mammals -- Summary of Effects In Wildlife -- Human Health Effects From PCBs -- Cancer -- Limitations of Human Health Risk Assessments For PCBs. 606 $aContaminated sediments$xEnvironmental aspects$zUnited States 606 $aPolychlorinated biphenyls$xEnvironmental aspects$zUnited States 615 0$aContaminated sediments$xEnvironmental aspects 615 0$aPolychlorinated biphenyls$xEnvironmental aspects 676 $a363.7384 712 02$aNational Research Council (U.S.).$bCommittee on Remediation of PCB Contaminated Sediments. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910825673503321 996 $aA risk-management strategy for PCB-contaminated sediments$93996666 997 $aUNINA