LEADER 03148nam 22005171 450 001 9910825124103321 005 20200124110340.0 010 $a0-7556-0975-1 010 $a1-78673-444-3 010 $a1-78672-444-8 024 7 $a10.5040/9780755609758 035 $a(CKB)4340000000262913 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5338695 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL5338695 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11540233 035 $a(OCoLC)1030625024 035 $a(UtOrBLW)bpp09264865 035 $a(UtOrBLW)BP9780755609758BC 035 $a(EXLCZ)994340000000262913 100 $a20200131d2006 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 14$aThe crescent and the eagle $eOttoman rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874-1913 /$fGeorge Gawrych 205 $aFirst edition. 210 1$aLondon ;$aNew York :$cI.B. Tauris,$d2006. 215 $a1 online resource (xi, 260 pages) $cillustrations, maps 311 $a1-84511-287-3 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 330 $a"The Crescent and the Eagle" examines the awakening of Albanian national identity from the end of the 19th century to the outbreak of the First World War - a period of intense nationalism in the Balkans - from an Ottoman perspective. Drawing on Ottoman and European archival material, the book undermines the customary negative stereotypes of Ottoman rule, offering a more nuanced interpretation. Gawrych provides a critical but objective examination of the evolution of government policies toward Albanians, from attempts to mould them into an "iron barrier" to the establishment of a uniform system of administration. He argues that this was a result of a complicated set of conflicting allegiances and identities, rather than a simply adversarial struggle between government imposition of policy and Albanian resistance. The author also analyses the general problems of endemic violence and misadministration at the provincial level, and examines Albanian efforts to gain nationality rights and maintain local privileges and tribal autonomy. Weaving his analysis of these events into a chronological framework, he concludes that Albanian independence resulted from a confluence of foreign and domestic developments rather than from the design and will of the Albanians themselves. This stimulating study offers many fresh insights into the dynamics of power within the Ottoman Empire and contributes a new perspective to the study of the development of Albanian nationalism."--Bloomsbury Publishing. 606 $aNationalism$zAlbania 606 $a20th century history: c 1900 to c 2000$2BIC 607 $aTurkey$xForeign relations$zAlbania 607 $aAlbania$xForeign relations$zTurkey 615 0$aNationalism 615 7$a20th century history: c 1900 to c 2000. 676 $a320.54094965 700 $aGawrych$b George W$g(George Walter),$f1950-$01199954 801 0$bUtOrBLW 801 1$bUtOrBLW 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910825124103321 996 $aThe crescent and the eagle$93952046 997 $aUNINA