LEADER 05121nam 2200589 a 450 001 9910823792103321 005 20240516120734.0 010 $a1-280-49728-9 010 $a9786613592514 010 $a90-272-7389-8 035 $a(CKB)2670000000151248 035 $a(EBL)861546 035 $a(OCoLC)777375679 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000826892 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11459523 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000826892 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10821407 035 $a(PQKB)10847660 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC861546 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL861546 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10534215 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000151248 100 $a20120308d1993 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aEnglish grammar$hVolume I $ea function-based introduction /$fT. Givo?n 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aAmsterdam :$cJohn Benjamins Pub. Co.,$d1993. 215 $a1 online resource (340 pages) 311 0 $a1-55619-457-9 311 0 $a90-272-2098-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aENGLISH GRAMMAR A FUNCTION-BASED INTRODUCTION Volume I; Title page; Copyright page; Table of contents; FOREWORD; 1. INTRODUCTION; 1.1. GRAMMAR AND COMMUNICATION; 1.1.1. Structure vs. function; 1.1.2. Arbitrary vs. motivated rules of grammar; 1.1.3. Rules of grammar vs. communicative strategies; 1.1.4. Cross-language diversity of grammatical strategies; 1.2. WHOSE GRAMMAR?; 1.2.1. Prescriptive vs. descriptive grammars; 1.2.2. Historic time; 1.2.3. Age: The grammar of youth; 1.2.4. Spoken vs. written language; 1.2.5. Educated vs. uneducated grammar; 1.2.6. Formal vs. informal grammar 327 $a1.2.7. Grammar and social status; 1.2.8. Grammar and ethnic minorities; 1.2.9. Geographical dialects; 1.2.10. Grammar and foreign talk; 1.2.11. Grammar and individual style; 1.3. GRAMMAR FOR COMMUNICATION; 1.3.1. Major functions of language; 1.3.2. Words, clauses, discourse; 1.3.3. Grammar as a communicative code; 1.3.3.1. Joint coding; 1.3.3.2. Coding devices in syntax; 1.4. THEME AND VARIATION IN SYNTACTIC DESCRIPTION; 1.5. PARSING: TREE DIAGRAMS; 1.6. DEEP STRUCTURE, SURFACE STRUCTURE AND MEANING; NOTES; 2. VOCABULARY: WORDS AND MORPHEMES; 2.1. PRELIMINARIES 327 $a2.1.1. Recapitulation: Meaning, information and communication2.1.2. The conceptual lexicon: Semantic features and semantic fields; 2.1.3. Shared vocabulary: Meaning and cultural world-view; 2.1.4. History of the English lexicon; 2.2. LEXICAL VS. GRAMMATICAL VOCABULARY; 2.2.1. Lexical words; 2.2.2. Grammatical morphemes; 2.2.3. Derivational morphemes; 2.3. THE MORPHEMIC STATUS OF ENGLISH VOCABULARY; 2.4. LEXICAL WORD-CLASSES; 2.4.1. Membership criteria; 2.4.2. Natural classes: Prototypicality and variability; 2.4.3. Semantic overview; 2.4.4. Nouns; 2.4.4.1. Semantic characteristics 327 $a2.4.4.2. Syntactic behavior; 2.4.4.3. Morphological characteristics; 2.4.5. Adjectives; 2.4.5.1. Semantic characteristics; 2.4.5.1.1. Prototypical adjectives; 2.4.5.1.2. Less prototypical adjectives; 2.4.5.1.3. Derived adjectives; 2.4.5.1.4. Polarity of antonymic pairs; 2.4.5.2. Syntactic behavior; 2.4.5.3. Morphological characteristics; 2.4.5.3.1. Grammatical morphology; 2.4.5.3.2. Derivational morphology; 2.4.6. Verbs; 2.4.6.1. Semantic characterization; 2.4.6.2. Syntactic characterization; 2.4.6.3. Morphological characterization; 2.4.6.3.1. Grammatical morphology 327 $a2.4.6.3.2. Derivational morphology; 2.4.7. Adverbs; 2.4.7.1. Preamble; 2.4.7.2. Mariner adverbs; 2.4.7.3. Time, frequency or aspectuality adverbs; 2.4.7.4. Epistemic adverbs; 2.4.7.5. Evaluative adverbs; 2.4.7.6. Adverbs modifying adjectives; 2.4.7.7. Emphatic adverbs; 2.5. MINOR WORD CLASSES; 2.5.1. Preamble; 2.5.2. Prepositions; 2.5.3. Inter-clausal connectives; 2.5.3.1. Conjunctions; 2.5.3.2. Subordinators; 2.5.4. Pronouns; 2.5.5. Determiners; 2.5.5.1. Articles; 2.5.5.2. Demonstratives; 2.5.5.3. Possessor pronouns; 2.5.6. Quantifiers; 2.5.7. Numerals; 2.5.8. Ordinals; 2.5.9. Auxiliarie; 2.5.10. Interjections 330 $aThe approach to language and grammar that motivates this book is unabashedly functional; grammar is not just a system of empty rules, it is a means to an end, an instrument for constructing concise coherent communication. In grammar as in music, good expression rides on good form. Figuratively and literally, grammar like musical form must make sense. But for the instrument to serve its purpose, it must first exist; the rules must be real, they can be explicitly described and taught. This book is intended for both students and teachers, at college level, for both native and nonnative speakers. 606 $aEnglish language$xGrammar 615 0$aEnglish language$xGrammar. 676 $a428.2 700 $aGivo?n$b Talmy$f1936-$0386338 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910823792103321 996 $aEnglish grammar$91256517 997 $aUNINA