LEADER 11008nam 2200505 450 001 9910726300803321 005 20230618064615.0 010 $a1-119-87953-1 010 $a1-119-87952-3 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC7244337 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL7244337 035 $a(OCoLC)1378390616 035 $a(EXLCZ)9926561917200041 100 $a20230618d2023 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aMicroplastics in the ecosphere $eair, water, soil, and food /$fMeththika Vithanage and Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad 210 1$aHoboken, New Jersey :$cJohn Wiley & Sons Ltd,$d[2023] 210 4$dİ2023 215 $a1 online resource (766 pages) 311 08$aPrint version: Vithanage, Meththika Microplastics in the Ecosphere Newark : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated,c2023 9781119879503 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aIntro -- Table of Contents -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Section I: Single Use Plastics -- 1 Scientometric Analysis of Microplastics across the Globe -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Materials and Methods -- 1.3 Results and Discussion -- 1.4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 2 Microplastic Pollution in the Polar Oceans - A Review -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Polar Regions -- 2.3 Future Perspectives -- 2.4 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Microplastics - Global Scenario -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Environmental Issues of Plastic Waste -- 3.3 Coprocessing of Plastic Waste in Cement Kilns -- 3.4 Disposal of Plastic Waste Through Plasma Pyrolysis Technology (PPT) -- 3.5 Constraints on the Use of Plastic Waste Disposal Technologies -- 3.6 Alternate to Conventional Petro?based Plastic Carry Bags and Films -- 3.7 Improving Waste Management -- References -- 4 The Single?Use Plastic Pandemic in the COVID?19 Era -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Materials and Methods -- 4.3 Trends in Production and Consumption of SUPs during the Pandemic -- 4.4 SUP Waste from the Pandemic -- 4.5 Conclusions and Future Prospects -- References -- Section II: Microplastics in the Aerosphere -- 5 Atmospheric Microplastic Transport -- 5.1 The Phenomenon of Microplastic Transport -- 5.2 Factors Affecting Microplastic Transport -- 5.3 Microplastic Transport Modelling -- References -- 6 Microplastics in the Atmosphere and Their Human and Eco Risks -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Microplastics in the Atmosphere -- 6.3 Impact of Microplastics on Human Health and the Eco Risk -- 6.4 Strategies to Minimise Atmospheric MPs through Future Research -- 6.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 7 Sampling and Detection of Microplastics in the Atmosphere -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Classification -- 7.3 Sampling Microplastics -- 7.4 Sample Preparation. 327 $a7.5 Detection and Characterisation of MPs in the Atmosphere -- 7.6 Conclusion -- Funding -- References -- 8 Sources and Circulation of Microplastics in the Aerosphere - Atmospheric Transport of Microplastics -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Temporal and Spatial Trends in MP Accumulation -- 8.3 Formation of MPs -- 8.4 Atmospheric Circulation, Transport, Suspension, and Deposition -- 8.5 Atmospheric Chemistry of MPs -- 8.6 Predicting MP Dispersion and Transport -- 8.7 Eco?Environmental Impacts -- 8.8 Future Perspectives -- References -- Section III: Microplastics in the Aquatic Environment -- 9 Interaction of Chemical Contaminants with Microplastics -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Interactions -- 9.3 Mechanisms -- 9.4 Environmental Burden of Microplastics -- 9.5 Future Approaches -- References -- 10 Microplastics in Freshwater Environments -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Microplastics in Rivers and Tributaries -- 10.3 Microplastics in Lakes -- 10.4 Microplastics in Groundwater Sources -- 10.5 Microplastics in Glaciers and Ice Caps -- 10.6 Microplastics in Deltas -- 10.7 Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 11 Microplastics in Landfill Leachate: -- 11.1 Plastics and Microplastics -- 11.2 Microplastics in Landfill Leachate -- 11.3 Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 12 Microplastics in the Aquatic Environment - Effects on Ocean Carbon Sequestration and Sustenance of Marine Life -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Microplastics in the Aquatic Environment -- 12.3 Microplastics and Ocean Carbon Sequestration -- 12.4 Microplastics and Marine Fauna -- 12.5 Microplastic Pollution, Climate Change, and Antibiotic Resistance - A Unique Trio -- 12.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Section IV: Microplastics in Soil Systems -- 13 Entry of Microplastics into Agroecosystems: A Serious Threat to Food Security and Human Health. 327 $a13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Sources of Microplastics in Agroecosystems -- 13.3 Implications of Microplastic Contamination on Agroecosystems -- 13.4 Human Health Risks -- 13.5 Knowledge Gaps -- 13.6 Conclusion and Future Recommendations -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 14 Migration of Microplastic?Bound Contaminants to Soil and Their Effects -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Microplastics as Sorbing Materials for Hazardous Chemicals -- 14.3 Types of Microplastic?Bound Contaminants in Soils -- 14.4 Effects of Exposure and Co?exposure in Soil - Consequences of Contaminant Sorption for MP Toxicity and Bioaccumulation -- 14.5 Microplastic?Bound Contaminants in Soils as Potential Threats to Human Health -- 14.6 Conclusions -- References -- 15 Plastic Mulch?Derived Microplastics in Agricultural Soil Systems -- 15.1 Plastic Mulch Films in Agriculture -- 15.2 Types of Synthetic Polymer Mulch Films -- 15.3 Weathering of Plastic Mulches and Distribution of Mulch Microplastics in Soils -- 15.4 Mulch Microplastic Pollution in Soil -- 15.5 Mulch Microplastics as a Vector -- 15.6 Challenges and Future Perspectives -- References -- 16 Critical Review of Microplastics in Soil -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Sources and Transfer of Microplastics in Soils -- 16.3 Classification, Qualification, and Quantification of Microplastics in Soil -- 16.4 Effects and Risks of Microplastics on Soil Health -- 16.5 Analytical Methodologies for Microplastics in Soil -- 16.6 Epilogue and Future Perspectives -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 17 What Do We Know About the Effects of Microplastics on Soil? -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Why and How Do MPs End Up in the Soil? -- 17.3 Microplastic Transport in Soils -- 17.4 Microplastics as Carriers of Soil Contaminants - Contaminant Vectors -- 17.5 Microplastic Effects -- 17.6 Conclusions and Perspectives for Future Research -- References. 327 $a18 Microbial Degradation of Plastics -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 Diversity of Plastic?Degrading Microbes -- 18.3 Mechanism of Microbe?Mediated Decomposition of Plastics -- 18.4 Molecular Factors in the Microbial Breakdown of Plastics -- 18.5 Microbes and Sustainable Degradation of Plastics -- References -- 19 Microplastics and Soil Nutrient Cycling -- 19.1 Introduction -- 19.2 Microplastics in Soil -- 19.3 Effect of Microplastics on Nutrient Cycling -- 19.4 Effect of Microplastic?Driven Factors on Soil Nutrient Cycling -- 19.5 Mechanisms of Microplastic?Driven Plant Toxicity/Nutrient Uptake -- 19.6 Future Perspectives -- References -- Section V: Microplastics in Food Systems -- 20 Microplastics in the Food Chain -- 20.1 Introduction -- 20.2 Presence of Microplastics in the Food Chain -- 20.3 Possible Health Effects of Microplastics in Food -- 20.4 How to Minimize Microplastic Contamination in Food -- 20.5 Summary -- References -- 21 Microplastics in Salt and Drinking Water -- 21.1 Microplastics in Salt -- 21.2 Microplastics in Drinking Water -- 21.3 Summary -- References -- 22 Microplastics in Commercial Seafood (Invertebrates) and Seaweeds -- 22.1 Microplastics in Commercial Seafood and Seaweeds -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 23 Microplastic Toxicity to Humans -- 23.1 Introduction -- 23.2 Ingestion of Microplastics -- 23.3 Human Exposure to Inhalation of Microplastics -- 23.4 Human Exposure to Dermal Contact with Microplastics -- 23.5 Conclusions -- References -- Section VI: Treatment Technologies and Management -- 24 Management of Microplastics from Sources to Humans -- 24.1 Introduction -- 24.2 Classification and Sources of Microplastics -- 24.3 Impact of Microplastics on Human Health -- 24.4 Social and Ecological Impacts of Microplastics -- 24.5 Prospects in Microplastic Management -- 24.6 Summary -- References. 327 $a25 Single?Use Ordinary Plastics vs. Bioplastics -- 25.1 Ordinary Plastic - General Characteristics -- 25.2 Bioplastics - General Characteristics -- 25.3 Biodegradability of Bioplastics -- 25.4 Selected, Innovative Methods of Bioplastic Production -- 25.5 Environmental Benefits of Using Bioplastic -- 25.6 Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Section VII: Case Studies -- 26 Plastic Nurdles in Marine Environments Due to Accidental Spillage -- 26.1 Introduction -- 26.2 Presence and Sources of Plastic Nurdles in the Environment -- 26.3 Accidental Spillages of Plastic Nurdles -- 26.4X?Press Pearl Ship Disaster - A Case Study -- References -- 27 Compost?Hosted Microplastics - Municipal Solid Waste Compost -- 27.1 Municipal Solid Waste -- 27.2 Microplastics in Municipal Solid Waste Compost -- 27.3 Impact of Microplastic?Contaminated Compost on Soil Properties -- 27.4 Compost?Hosted Microplastics as a Vector -- 27.5 Future Perspectives -- References -- 28 Single?Use Ordinary Plastics and Bioplastics - A Case Study in Brazil -- 28.1 Introduction -- 28.2 Types of Bioplastic -- 28.3 Possible Substitutions -- 28.4 The Recycling Approach -- 28.5 Energy Recovery -- 28.6 Public Policies -- 28.7 Impacts of Environmental Legislation -- 28.8 Challenges of Bioplastics Production -- 28.9 Conclusions -- References -- 29 Microplastics Remediation - Possible Perspectives for Mitigating Saline Environments -- 29.1 Introduction -- 29.2 Assimilation of Microplastics in Saline Water Bodies and Soil Ecosystems -- 29.3 Microplastic Self?Aging and Degradation: Hopes and Risks for the Ecosystem -- 29.4 Microplastics: Technologies for Remediating Saline Environments -- 29.5 Economic and Social Aspects of Microplastic Remediation in Saline Conditions -- 29.6 Conclusion: Hopes, and Resistance to Environmental Remediation to Achieve a Cleaner Environment -- References. 327 $a30 The Management of Waste Tires: A Case Study in Brazil. 606 $aMicroplastics 606 $aMicroplastics$xEnvironmental aspects 615 0$aMicroplastics. 615 0$aMicroplastics$xEnvironmental aspects. 676 $a363.738 702 $aVithanage$b Meththika 702 $aPrasad$b M. N. V$g(Majeti Narasimha Vara),$f1953- 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910726300803321 996 $aMicroplastics in the ecosphere$93390913 997 $aUNINA LEADER 05401nam 2200721 a 450 001 9910822808403321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a9786613177001 010 $a9781283177009 010 $a1283177005 010 $a9781118104729 010 $a1118104722 010 $a9781118104736 010 $a1118104730 035 $a(CKB)2550000000040637 035 $a(EBL)697569 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000529397 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11342532 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000529397 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10557279 035 $a(PQKB)11620429 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC697569 035 $a(OCoLC)739116856 035 $a(PPN)189844086 035 $a(Perlego)2769032 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000040637 100 $a20110809d2011 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aHandbook of engineering and specialty thermoplastics$hVol. 3$iPolyethers and polyesters /$fSabu Thomas and Visakh P.M 210 $aHoboken N.J. $cWiley$d2011 215 $a1 online resource (564 p.) 225 1 $aWiley-Scrivener ;$vv.64 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a9780470639269 311 08$a0470639261 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aHandbook of Engineering and Specialty Thermoplastics: Polyethers and Polyesters; Contents; List of Contributors; 1. Engineering and Specialty Thermoplastics: Polyethers and Polyesters; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Polyesters Synthesis; 1.3 Polyethers; 1.3.1 Aromatic Polyethers; 1.4 Individual Polyethers and Polyesters and Their Application; 1.4.1 Poly (Phenylene Oxide); 1.4.2 Polyether Ether Ketone; 1.4.3 Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate); 1.4.4 Poly(Butylene Terephthalate); 1.4.5 Polyesters Containing Cyclohexanedimethanol Units; 1.4.6. Liquid Crystal Polyesters; 1.4.7 Polylactide 327 $a1.4.8 Thermoplastic Copolyester Elastomers (TPEEs)1.4.9 Polycarbonate (PC); 1.5 New Challenges and Opportunities; References; 2. Poly(phenylene oxide); 2.1 Introduction and History; 2.2 Monomer; 2.3 Polymerization and Mechanism; 2.4 Properties; 2.5 Compounding and Special Additives; 2.6 Processing; 2.7 Applications; 2.8 Environmental Impact and Recycling; 2.9 Recent Developments in Poly Phenylene Oxide Based Blends and Composites and Their Applications; References; 3. Polyether Ether Ketone; 3.1 Introduction and History; 3.2 Polymerization and Fabrication; 3.3 Properties 327 $a3.3.1 Solution Properties3.3.2 Thermal Properties; 3.3.2.1 Melting and Crystallization; 3.3.2.2 Crystallization Kinetics; 3.3.2.3 Spherulites; 3.3.2.4 Decomposition; 3.3.3 Mechanical Properties; 3.3.3.1 Tensile Properties; 3.3.3.2 Fracture Toughness; 3.3.3.3 Tensile Creep; 3.3.3.4 Compressive Properties; 3.3.3.5 Taylor Impact; 3.3.3.6 Tribological Behavior; 3.4 Chemical Properties; 3.5 Environmental Resistance; 3.6 Compounding and Special Additives; 3.7 Processing; 3.8 Applications; 3.9 Environmental Impact and Recycling 327 $a3.10 Recent Developments in PEEK Based Blends and Composites and Their ApplicationsReferences; 4. Poly(ethylene terephthalate); 4.1 Introduction and History; 4.2 Polymerization and Fabrication; 4.2.1 First Step: Prepolymerization; 4.2.2 Second Step: Polycondensation; 4.2.3 Solid-State Polymerization; 4.3 Solid-State Properties; 4.3.1 Mechanical Properties; 4.3.2 Thermal Properties; 4.3.3 Gas Barrier Properties; 4.3.4 Other Physical Properties; 4.4 Chemical Stability; 4.4.1 Solubility and Chemical Resistance of PET; 4.4.2 Hydrolytic Degradation of PET; 4.4.2 Thermal Degradation of PET 327 $a4.4.3 Thermo-oxidative Degradation of PET4.5 Compounding and Special Additives; 4.6 Processing; 4.6.1 Extrusion; 4.6.2 Injection Molding; 4.6.3 Blow Molding; 4.7 Applications; 4.7.1 PET Fibers; 4.7.2 PET Films; 4.7.3 PET Bottles; 4.8 Environmental Impact and Recycling; 4.8.1 Generality about PET Recycling; 4.8.2 Chemical Recycling of PET; 4.8.2.1 Methanolysis; 4.8.2.2 Glycolysis; 4.8.2.3 Hydrolysis; 4.8.2.4 Others methods; 4.8.3 Mechanical Recycling; 4.8.4 Recent Developments in PET Recycling 327 $a4.9 Recent Developments in Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Based Blends and Composites and Their Applications 330 $aThe book summarizes many of the recent technical research accomplishments in the area of engineering polymers, such as oxygen containing main chain polymers (Polyether and Polyesters). The book emphasizes the various aspects of preparation, structure, processing, morphology, properties and applications of engineering polymers. Recent advances in the development and characterization of multi component polymer blends and composites (maco, micro and nano) based on engineering polymers are discussed in detail. The content of the book is unique as there are no books which deal with the recent advan 410 0$aWiley-Scrivener 606 $aPolyethers 606 $aPolyesters 615 0$aPolyethers. 615 0$aPolyesters. 676 $a668.423 676 $a668.4234 700 $aThomas$b Sabu$0851308 701 $aP. M$b Visakh$01612830 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910822808403321 996 $aHandbook of engineering and specialty thermoplastics$93941816 997 $aUNINA