LEADER 05754nam 2200685 450 001 9910822218403321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a90-272-6914-9 035 $a(CKB)3710000000268473 035 $a(EBL)1823898 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001367614 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12538088 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001367614 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11444465 035 $a(PQKB)10745869 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1823898 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10959458 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL663011 035 $a(OCoLC)894048703 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1823898 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000268473 100 $a20141105h20142014 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aCertainty-uncertainty - and the attitudinal space in between /$fedited by Sibilla Cantarini, Werner Abraham, Elisabeth Leiss 210 1$aAmsterdam, Netherlands ;$aPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania :$cJohn Benjamins Publishing Company,$d2014. 210 4$dİ2014 215 $a1 online resource (375 p.) 225 1 $aStudies in Language Companion Series 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-322-31729-1 311 $a90-272-5930-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index. 327 $aCertainty-uncertainty - and the Attitudinal Space in Between; Editorial page; Title page; LCC data; Dedication page; Table of contents; Preface; Introduction; 1. Foreword; 2. The concept of 'Certainty'; 3. Certainty between truth ascription and truth negotiation; 4. The Mood/Modality differential; 5. The contents of this volume; References; Additional topically selected references; Certainty; 1. Foreword; 2. 'Certainty' as a concept in accessible world semantics; 2.1 Intersubjectivity/IS; 2.2 What is Certainty?; 3. Types/categories and degrees of Uncertainty?; 3.1 German modal verbs 327 $a3.2 German modal particles4. The axiomatics for (I)S and FCA? UG and Reference?; 5. Shift of responsibility: Modalization in the finite predicate/VP by source type and assessor type.; 6. Modalization in the lexical predicate/V by modal type and force; 7. Challenging reliability; 7.1 Double transitivity; 7.2 Establishing common ground: Double transitivity; 7.3 Lexical modalizers; 8. Summary and conclusion; References; Modes of modality in an Un-Cartesian framework; 1. Introduction; 2. Modality and the different qualities of 'double displacement'; 3. Subjectivity warranting certainty? 327 $a4. Different types of long-term memory and the coding of different grammars of the possible5. Summary and outlook: The linguistic basis of a non-naive realism; References; Counter-argumentation and modality; 1. Introduction; 2. Argumentation and modality; 3. Emotions and modality; 4. Inferential activities; 5. Argumentative modal operators; 6. The modal levels and degrees; 6.1 First level; 6.2 Optional categories: The second level; 6.2.a At the sentence level; 6.2.b At discourse level: The counter-argumentative chain; 6.2.b1 REINFORCER; 6.2.b2 REBUTTAL; 6.2.b3 ALTERNATIVE 327 $a6.2.b4 PRECISERS or CONDITIONERS7. Conclusion; References; Explanation as a certainty marker in persuasive dialogue; 1. Argument and explanation; 2. Hempel's models of scientific explanation; 3. Trouble with inductive-statistical explanations; 4. More on epistemic relativity; 5. The rhetorical use of explanation; 6. Two illustrations; References; How to deal with attitude strengt in debating situations; 1. Introduction; 2. Background; 3. Strategies; 3.1 Strategy 1: Avoid forewarning opposition; 3.2 Strategy 2: The strength of the arguments; 3.3 Strategy 3: The repetition of reasons 327 $a3.4 Strategy 4: Exerting credibility4. Conclusion; References; The role of subjective certainty in the epistemology of testimony; 1. Subject and aim; 2. Opening remarks; 3. Argument; References; Uncertainty in polar questions and certainty in answers?; 1. Introduction; 2. Beliefs, desires, intentions; 3. Reciprocal and lifelong interpretation system; 4. Question types; 4.1 Degree of certainty: Low; 4.2 Degree of certainty: Medium; 4.3 Degree of certainty: Great; 4.4 Degree of certainty: Maximum; 5. Answer types; 5.1 Guessing at the belief: The particle is 327 $a5.2 Guessing at the intention: The -ni construction 330 $aReligious belief is an emotional attitude that is not based on a "certain" experience. Adolescence is a very uncertain stage of life and an unstable faith can mirror this turbulence. The aim of this work is to investigate the discursive construction of religious experience in late adolescence. We asked 230 university students to write about their religious views. Their texts were analyzed using content analysis and critical discourse analysis. We divided the responses into four groups: believers, atheists, doubters and agnostics. The different rhetorical strategies arising from the contrast be 410 0$aStudies in language companion series. 606 $aCommunication$xPsychological aspects$vCongresses 606 $aPsycholinguistics$vCongresses 615 0$aCommunication$xPsychological aspects 615 0$aPsycholinguistics 676 $a302.23/019 702 $aCantarini$b Sibilla 702 $aAbraham$b Werner 702 $aLeiss$b Elisabeth 712 12$aCommunication of Certainty and Uncertainty : Linguistic, Psychological, Philosophical Aspects (Conference) 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910822218403321 996 $aCertainty-uncertainty - and the attitudinal space in between$94014766 997 $aUNINA