LEADER 02944nam 2200601 450 001 9910821960803321 005 20230803202949.0 010 $a0-19-938072-4 010 $a1-306-86413-5 010 $a0-19-989279-2 035 $a(CKB)3710000000125263 035 $a(EBL)1707889 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001292912 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11693112 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001292912 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11284589 035 $a(PQKB)11563200 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1707889 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10881549 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL617664 035 $a(OCoLC)881366456 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1707889 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000125263 100 $a20140619h20142014 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 14$aThe first civil right $ehow liberals built prison America /$fNaomi Murakawa 210 1$aOxford, England :$cOxford University Press,$d2014. 210 4$dİ2014 215 $a1 online resource (281 p.) 225 1 $aStudies in Postwar American Political Development 300 $aIncludes index. 311 $a0-19-989278-4 311 $a0-19-989280-6 327 $aCover; Series; The First Civil Right; Copyright; Contents; List of Illustrations; List of Tables; List of Abbreviations; 1 The First Civil Right: Protection from Lawless Racial Violence; 2 Freedom from Fear: White Violence, Black Criminality, and the Ideological Fight for Law-and-Order; 3 Policing the Great Society: Modernizing Law Enforcement and Rehabilitating Criminal Sentencing; 4 The Era of Big Punishment: Mandatory Minimums, Community Policing, and Death Penalty Bidding Wars; 5 The Last Civil Right: Freedom from State-Sanctioned Racial Violence; Appendix Tables 327 $aAuthor's Notes and AcknowledgmentsAbbreviations in Notes; Notes; Index 330 $aThe explosive rise in the U.S. incarceration rate in the second half of the twentieth century, and the racial transformation of the prison population from mostly white at mid-century to sixty-five percent black and Latino in the present day, is a trend that cannot easily be ignored. Many believe that this shift began with the ""tough on crime"" policies advocated by Republicans and southern Democrats beginning in the late 1960s, which sought longer prison sentences, more frequent use of the death penalty, and the explicit or implicit targeting of politically marginalized people. In The First C 410 0$aOxford studies in postwar American political development. 606 $aCivil rights$zUnited States 607 $aUnited States$xRace relations 615 0$aCivil rights 676 $a342.73085 700 $aMurakawa$b Naomi$01688577 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910821960803321 996 $aThe first civil right$94062941 997 $aUNINA