LEADER 05673nam 2200745 450 001 9910821819903321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-118-81451-7 010 $a1-118-81454-1 035 $a(CKB)2670000000616817 035 $a(EBL)1895618 035 $a(OCoLC)907948450 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001498348 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12622609 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001498348 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11518154 035 $a(PQKB)10848138 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16053839 035 $a(PQKB)23745183 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4038887 035 $a(DLC) 2015016325 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1895618 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL4038887 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11112646 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL785573 035 $a(PPN)191911984 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000616817 100 $a20151109h20152015 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aWeight-of-evidence for forensic DNA profiles /$fDavid J. Balding and Christopher D. Steele 205 $aSecond edition. 210 1$aChichester, England :$cWiley,$d2015. 210 4$dİ2015 215 $a1 online resource (234 p.) 225 1 $aStatistics in Practice 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-118-81453-3 311 $a1-118-81455-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover; Title Page; Copyright; Contents; Preface to the second edition; Preface to the first edition; Chapter 1 Introduction; 1.1 Weight-of-evidence theory; 1.2 About the book; 1.3 DNA profiling technology; 1.4 What you need to know already; 1.5 Other resources; Chapter 2 Crime on an island; 2.1 Warm-up examples; 2.1.1 People v. Collins (California, 1968); 2.1.2 Disease testing: positive predictive value (PPV); 2.1.3 Coloured taxis; 2.2 Rare trait identification evidence; 2.2.1 The 'island' problem; 2.2.2 A first lesson from the island problem; 2.3 Making the island problem more realistic 327 $a2.3.1 The effect of uncertainty about p2.3.2 Uncertainty about N; 2.3.3 The effect of possible typing errors; 2.3.4 The effect of searches; 2.3.5 The effect of other evidence; 2.3.6 The effects of relatives and population subdivision; 2.4 Weight-of-evidence exercises; Chapter 3 Assessing evidence using likelihoods; 3.1 Likelihoods and their ratios; 3.2 The weight-of-evidence formula; 3.2.1 The population P; 3.2.2 Grouping the RX; 3.2.3 Application to the island problem; 3.3 General application of the formula; 3.3.1 Several items of evidence; 3.3.2 The role of the expert witness 327 $a3.4 Consequences for DNA evidence 3.4.1 Many possible culprits; 3.4.2 Incorporating the non-DNA evidence; 3.4.3 Relatives; 3.4.4 Laboratory and handling errors; 3.4.5 Database searches; 3.5 Derivation of the weight-of-evidence formula 3.5.1 Bayes' theorem; 3.5.2 Uncertainty about p and N; 3.5.3 Grouping the alternative possible culprits; 3.5.4 Typing errors; 3.6 Further weight-of-evidence exercises; Chapter 4 Profiling technologies; 4.1 STR typing; 4.1.1 Anomalies; 4.1.2 Contamination; 4.1.3 Low-template DNA (LTDNA) profiling; 4.2 mtDNA typing; 4.3 Y-chromosome markers 327 $a4.4 X-chromosome markers 4.5 SNP profiles 4.6 Sequencing 4.7 Methylation 4.8 RNA 4.9 Fingerprints Chapter 5 Some population genetics for DNA evidence; 5.1 A brief overview; 5.1.1 Drift; 5.1.2 Mutation; 5.1.3 Migration; 5.1.4 Selection; 5.2 FST or ?; 5.2.1 Population genotype probabilities; 5.3 A statistical model and sampling formula; 5.3.1 Diallelic loci; 5.3.2 Multi-allelic loci; 5.4 Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium; 5.4.1 Testing for deviations from HWE 5.4.2 Interpretation of test results; 5.5 Linkage equilibrium; 5.6 Coancestry 5.6.1 One allele; 5.6.2 Two alleles 327 $a5.6.3 Three alleles 5.6.4 General proof via recursion; 5.7 Likelihood-based estimation of FST 5.8 Population genetics exercises; Chapter 6 Inferences of identity; 6.1 Choosing the hypotheses; 6.1.1 Post-data equivalence of hypotheses; 6.2 Calculating LRs; 6.2.1 The match probability; 6.2.2 Single locus; 6.2.3 Multiple loci: the 'product rule'; 6.2.4 Relatives of Q; 6.2.5 Confidence limits 6.2.6 Other profiled individuals; 6.3 Application to STR profiles; 6.3.1 Values for the pj; 6.3.2 The value of FST; 6.3.3 Choice of population; 6.3.4 Errors; 6.4 Application to haploid profiles 327 $a6.4.1 mtDNA profiles 330 $aDNA evidence is widely used in the modern justice system. Statistical methodology plays a key role in ensuring that this evidence is collected, interpreted, analysed and presented correctly. This book is a guide to assessing DNA evidence and presenting that evidence in a courtroom setting. It offers practical guidance to forensic scientists with little dependence on mathematical ability, and provides the scientist with the understanding they require to apply the methods in their work. Since the publication of the first edition of this book in 2005 there have been many incremental changes 410 0$aStatistics in practice. 606 $aForensic genetics$xStatistical methods 606 $aDNA fingerprinting$xStatistical methods 615 0$aForensic genetics$xStatistical methods. 615 0$aDNA fingerprinting$xStatistical methods. 676 $a614.1 700 $aBalding$b D. J.$0320776 702 $aSteele$b Christopher D. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910821819903321 996 $aWeight-of-evidence for forensic DNA profiles$94058249 997 $aUNINA