LEADER 11225nam 2200517 450 001 9910821793203321 005 20220702122656.0 010 $a1-78969-259-8 035 $a(CKB)4100000012027203 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6728776 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL6728776 035 $a(OCoLC)1239974055 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000012027203 100 $a20220702d2019 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aYellow Beach 2 after 75 years $ethe archaeology of a WWII invasion beach on Saipan and its historic context in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands /$fBoyd Dixon, Brenda Y. Tenorio, Cherie Walth 210 1$aOxford, UK :$cArchaeopress,$d[2019] 210 4$dİ2019 215 $a1 online resource (142 pages) 327 $aCover -- Title Page -- Copyright Information -- Copyright Information -- Contents -- List of Figures -- Preface -- Chapter 1 -- Introduction to Yellow Beach 2 on Saipan -- 1.1. Yellow Beach 2 (Afetna Point) after 75 Years -- Chapter 2 -- The Afetna Point Archaeological Project -- Chapter 3 -- Figure 1. Location of Saipan in the Northern Mariana Islands -- Figure 2. Project Area on Saipan -- Figure 3. Sites and Features in Parcel 004-1-52 -- Figure 4. Timeline for Parel 004-1-52 -- Environmental Context of Afetna Point -- 3.1 Physical Environment -- 3.1.1. Geology -- 3.1.2. Soils -- 3.1.3. Precipitation -- 3.1.4 Hydrology -- 3.1.5 Vegetation -- Chapter 4 -- Research Design and Methods Employed -- 4.1. Research Objectives -- 4.2. Research Questions -- 4.3. Methods -- 4.3.1. Field Methods -- 4.3.2. Data Recovery Excavation -- 4.3.3. Laboratory Methods -- 4.4. Artifact and Osteological Analysis -- 4.4.1. Historic Artifacts -- 4.4.2. Human Bone Analysis -- 4.5. Previous Archaeological Investigations near Afetna Point -- Chapter 5 -- Figure 5. Schematic of Construction Phases Across the Project Area -- Figure 6. Map of San Antonio Village Showing the Afetna Archaeological Site -- Yellow Beach 2: Historic Context of Afetna Point -- 5.1. Pre-Contact Background -- 5.1.1. Pre-Latte Period -- 5.1.2. Latte Period -- 5.2. Historic Background -- 5.2.1. Contact Period -- 5.2.2. Spanish Administration -- 5.2.3. German Administration -- 5.2.4. Japanese Administration and WWII -- 5.2.5 American Administration and CNMI -- 5.2.6. Recent Landuse History -- 5.2.6.1. Carmen Dela Cruz Farrell, Tinian -- 5.2.6.2. Site SP -1035 -- 5.2.6.2. SP 6-1035 / Feature D -- 5.2.6.3. SP 6-1038 / Feature A -- Chapter 6 -- Figure 7. Village of Garapan in 1887 (Farrell 2011:308) -- Figure 8. Carolinians off Tinian in 1819 (Farrell 2011:248). 327 $aFigure 9. Japanese Period Land Utilization circa 1930 (Bower 1950) -- Figure 10. Japanese Defenses and American Invasions (Rottman 2004:21) -- Figure 11. Saipan Loran Station 1946 -- Figure 12. Saipan Loran Station 1955 -- Figure 13. Saipan Loran Station 1968 -- Figure 14. Loran Station Communication Building and Generator Room -- Figure 15. Loran Station Concrete Antenna Base and Wall -- Figure 16. Loran Station Concrete Pier Found at Low Tide -- Figure 17. SP 6-1035, Feature D Octagonal Lid being Removed -- Figure 18. SP 6-1035, Feature D Plan and Cross-Section -- Figure 19. SP 6-1038, Feature A Pad Northeast Corner -- Figure 20. SP 6-1038, Feature A Metal Sign beneath the Pad. -- Figure 21. SP 5-1036, Feature A Entrance and Blast Door Fragments -- WWII Era Results -- 6.1. SP 5-1036 / Feature A -- 6.2. WWII Japanese Military Artifacts -- 6.2.1. Arisaka Type 38 Carbine -- 6.2.3. Model 91 Japanese Hand Grenade -- 6.2.4. Japanese Imperial Army Canteen -- 6.2.5. M 98 Japanese Enlisted Man Uniform -- 6.2.6. Staybrite Wristwatch -- 6.2.7. Japanese Enamel Rice or Soup Bowl -- 6.2.8. Nodashoyu 2 Litre Soy Sauce Bottle -- 6.2.9. Dainippon 1 Litre Beer Bottle -- 6.3. WWII American Military Artifacts -- 6.3.1. Browning M1917 30 Caliber Machine Gun -- 6.3.2. Browning M2 HB 50 Caliber Machine Gun -- 6.3.3. 105mm M3 Howitzer -- 6.3.4. American Pineapple Hand Grenade -- 6.3.5. American White Phosphorous Smoke Grenade -- 6.3.6. American M2 60 Millimeter Mortar Bipod -- 6.3.7. American Combat Gear -- 6.3.8. U.S. SMCO 1942 Canteen -- 6.3.9. U.S. Vollrath 1943 Canteen -- 6.3.10. U.S. Bottles -- 6.3.11. U.S. Communication Devices -- 6.3.12. U.S. Navy Spoon -- 6.3.13. U.S. 1941 Nickel -- 6.3.14. U.S. Duraglass Beer Bottles 1944 -- 6.3.15. U.S. Coca Cola Oakland Bottling 1944 -- Chapter 7 -- Figure 22. SP 5-1036, Feature A Interior Chamber from Doorway Hall. 327 $aFigure 23. SP 5-1036, Feature A Interior Floor with TU.1 between Airholes Above -- Figure 24. SP 5-1036, Feature A Exterior Airhole Vent -- Figure 25. SP 5-1036, Feature A, Plan View with TP.1 Inside -- Figure 26. Arisaka Type 38 Carbine at Center (War Department 1943b:41) -- Figure 27. Artifact Number 190.001, Japanese Military Arisaka Type 38 Carbine -- Figure 28. Artifact Number 71.002, Japanese 6.5 or 7.7 mm Bullets for Arisaka Rifles at Burial 13 -- Figure 29. Schematic of the Model 91 Japanese Hand Grenade (War Department 1943b:47) -- Figure 30. Model 91 Japanese Hand Grenade at Burial 15 -- Figure 31. Japanese Military Canteen for Noncommissioned Officers (War Department 1944:37) -- Figure 32. Artifact Number 71.002, Japanese Military Canteen Associated with Burial 13 -- Figure 33. Japanese M98 Enlisted Man Uniform (War Department 1944:26) -- Figure 34. Japanese Ammunition Belt, Bullet Pouches, and Bayonet Frog (War Department 1943b:38) -- Figure 35. Artifact Number 71.003, Japanese Military Buckles Associated with Burial 13 -- Figure 36. Artifact Number 71.004, Japanese Military Boot Heels Associated with Burial 13 -- Figure 37. Artifact Number 74.001, Japanese Uniform Buttons Associated with Burial 15 -- Figure 38. Artifact Number 71.002, Japanese Military Textile Associated with Burial 13 -- Figure 39. Artifact Number 74.002, Staybrite English Manufactured Wristwatch with Burial 15, Back -- Figure 40. Artifact Number 74.002, Staybrite English Manufactured Wristwatch with Burial 15, Face -- Figure 41. Japanese Enamel Rice or Soup Bowl (Reburied) -- Figure 42. Close-up of Kiyosu E.W. Japan B Makers Mark 32 cm (Reburied) -- Figure 43. Artifact Number 145.001, Nodashoyu 2 Litre Soy Sauce Bottle -- Figure 44. Artifact Number 144.001, Dainippon 1 Litre Beer Bottle -- Figure 45. Browning 30 Caliber Light Machine Gun on Saipan (Hammel 2010:15). 327 $aFigure 46. Artifact Number 189.001, American Military Browning M1917 30 Caliber Machine Gun -- Figure 47. American Military 50 Caliber Machine Gun Belt and Ammunition Box -- Figure 48. Example of 105mm M3 Howitzer on Saipan (Hammel 2010:19) -- Figure 49. American Military 105 Millimeter M3 Howitzer Shell Canisters -- Figure 50. Example of Three-Shell Artillery Ammunition Carrier Lids on Guam (Hammel 2010:78 -- Figure 51. American Military Three-Shell Artillery Ammunition Carrier Lid (Reburied) -- Figure 52. American 37mm High Explosive Anti-Tank Round -- Figure 53. American Grenades Being Thrown on Saipan (Hammel 2010:32) -- Figure 54. American Military 'Pineapple' Grenade -- Figure 55. American Military White Phosphorous Smoke Grenade -- Figure 56. American M2 60 Millimeter Bipod Mortar Support (Reburied) -- Figure 57. U.S.N. Optical Device (Reburied) -- Figure 58. American Military T-Posts in Buried Foxhole (Reburied -- Figure 59. American Military Barbed Wire (Reburied) -- Figure 60. American Military Looped Tow Wire (Reburied) -- Figure 61. WWII or Postwar USCG Antenna Ground Post and Wires (Reburied) -- Figure 62. American U.S.M.C. Invasion Beach on Saipan (Hammel 2010:9) -- Figure 63. American Bayonet Scabbard and 105mm Shell Canisters (Reburied) -- Figure 64. American Military Shovel (Reburied) -- Figure 65. American Military Mess Kit, Canteen, and Food Packet (Reburied) -- Figure 66. U.S. Vollrath 1943 American Military Canteen (Artifacts 142a, b, c) -- Figure 67. American Medicine Bottle (Reburied) -- Figure 68. Artifact number 69.001, American Rifle Oil Bottle -- Figure 69. American Military Photographic Device in Ammo Box (Reburied) -- Figure 70. American Military Communication Device Batteries and Ammo Box (Reburied) -- Figure 71. Artifact Number 146.001, U.S.N. Spoon -- Figure 72. Artifact Number 70.001, 1941 Jefferson Nickel. 327 $aFigure 73. Artifact Numbers 143.001 and 143.002, 1944 Duraglass Beer Bottles -- Figure 74. Artifact Number 143.003, 1944 Coca-Cola Bottle -- Osteological Analysis -- 7.1. Assemblage Characteristics -- 7.1.1. Cranial and Mandibular Metric Data -- 7.1.2. Cranial and Mandibular Nonmetric Data -- 7.2. Postcranial Metric Data -- 7.3. Postcranial Nonmetric Data -- 7.4. Dental Metric Data -- 7.5. Dental Nonmetric Data -- 7.6. Dental Pathologies -- 7.7. Skeletal Pathologies -- 7.8. Summary -- Chapter 8 -- Figure 75. Burial 13, right mandible showing bridgework -- Figure 76. Burial 13, left maxilla with crown on M3 -- Figure 77. Burial 68, right mandible with silver crown on M2 -- scooped-out area at root is possible abscess -- Figure 78. Burial 13, left parietal with scorching and hole, likely from penetrating trauma -- Figure 79. Burial 13, inner table of parietal with trauma -- Figure 80. Burial 13, with shrapnel in left ulna -- Figure 81. Burial 13, medial epicondyle is missing -- Figure 82. Burial 57, medial epicondyle is missing -- San Antonio Memories Today -- 8.1. San Antonio Memories Today -- 8.1.1. Methods Used in Compiling these Narratives -- 8.1.2. Presentation of these Narratives -- 8.2. Interviews -- 8.2.1 Interview with Pedro A. Tenorio -- 8.2.2. Interview with Jesus T. Guerrero -- 8.2.3. Interview with Rudy M. Sablan -- 8.2.4. Interview with Frances S. Ramon -- 8.2.5. Interview with Nieves Cruz Ngeskebei -- 8.3. Summarizing these Narratives -- 8.3.1. Pre-war Japanese Era: -- 8.3.2. WWII Combat and Recovery: -- 8.3.3. Post-war American Era: -- 8.4. Conclusions from these Narratives -- Chapter 9 -- Discussion of Research Questions -- 9.1. Spanish, German, and Japanese Periods -- 9.2. WWII and American Period -- Chapter 10 -- Figure 83: Pre-Invasion Afetna Point in 1944 (Courtesy of John Scott). 327 $aFigure 84: WWII Afetna Point Invasion Beaches in 1944 (Courtesy of John Scott). 330 $aOn June 15, 1944, Afetna Point was called 'Yellow Beach 2' by the U.S. Marines and Army infantry braving Japanese resistance to establish a beachhead before capturing As Lito airfield in the following days. After 75 years, this book presents archaeological evidence, archival records, and respected elders' accounts from WWII. 606 $aExcavations (Archaeology) 606 $aExcavations (Archaeology)$xRecording 607 $aSaipan (Northern Mariana Islands)$xAntiquities 615 0$aExcavations (Archaeology) 615 0$aExcavations (Archaeology)$xRecording. 676 $a930.1028 700 $aDixon$b Boyd$01607490 702 $aTenorio$b Brenda 702 $aWalth$b Cherie 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910821793203321 996 $aYellow Beach 2 after 75 years$94006147 997 $aUNINA