LEADER 01036nam0-22003731i-450- 001 990003862780403321 005 20100510103904.0 010 $a0-582-50044-3 035 $a000386278 035 $aFED01000386278 035 $a(Aleph)000386278FED01 035 $a000386278 100 $a20030910d--------km-y0itay50------ba 101 0 $aita 102 $aIT 200 1 $aUnemployment and wage inflation$ewith special reference to Britain and the USA$fJim Taylor. 210 $aHarlow$cLongman$d1974. 215 $axi, 120 p.$cill.$d24 cm 610 0 $aDisoccupazione$aGran Bretagna 610 0 $aDisoccupazione$aStati Uniti 676 $aF/1.221 676 $aF/1.402 676 $aG/2.12 676 $aK/3.1 700 1$aTaylor,$bJim$f<1941- >$089664 801 0$aIT$bUNINA$gRICA$2UNIMARC 901 $aBK 912 $a990003862780403321 952 $aG/2.12 TAY$b6921/I$fSES 952 $aDPR 28-388$b5738$fDEC 959 $aSES 959 $aDEC 996 $aUnemployment and wage inflation$9514557 997 $aUNINA LEADER 04579nam 2200709Ia 450 001 9910454273803321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-282-00477-8 010 $a9786612004773 010 $a0-226-09256-9 024 7 $a10.7208/9780226092560 035 $a(CKB)1000000000707780 035 $a(EBL)432162 035 $a(OCoLC)318242719 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000238593 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11924901 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000238593 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10233499 035 $a(PQKB)11506902 035 $a(StDuBDS)EDZ0000115700 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC432162 035 $a(DE-B1597)524999 035 $a(OCoLC)824152558 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780226092560 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL432162 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10276715 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL200477 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000707780 100 $a20000520d2001 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aRisk aspects of investment-based social security reform$b[electronic resource] /$fedited by John Y. Campbell and Martin Feldstein 210 $aChicago $cUniversity of Chicago Press$dc2001 215 $a1 online resource (509 p.) 225 1 $aA National Bureau of Economic Research conference report 300 $aPapers presented at a NBER conference held in Islamorala, Florida, January, 1999. 311 $a0-226-09255-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and indexes. 327 $tFrontmatter -- $tContents -- $tPreface -- $tIntroduction -- $t1. Asset Allocation and Risk Allocation: Can Social Security Improve Its Future Solvency Problem by Investing in Private Securities? -- $t2. The Transition to Investment-Based Social Security When Portfolio Returns and Capital Profitability Are Uncertain -- $t3. The Effect of Pay-When-Needed Benefit Guarantees on the Impact of Social Security Privatization -- $t4. Can Market and Voting Institutions Generate Optimal Intergenerational Risk Sharing? -- $t5. The Social Security Trust Fund, the Riskless Interest Rate, and Capital Accumulation -- $t6. Social Security and Demographic Uncertainty: The Risk-Sharing Properties of Alternative Policies -- $t7. The Risk of Social Security Benefit-Rule Changes: Some International Evidence -- $t8. Financial Engineering and Social Security Reform -- $t9. The Role of Real Annuities and Indexed Bonds in an Individual Accounts Retirement Program -- $t10. The Role of International Investment in a Privatized Social Security System -- $t11. Investing Retirement Wealth: A Life-Cycle Model -- $tContributors -- $tAuthor Index -- $tSubject Index 330 $aOur current social security system operates on a pay-as-you-go basis; benefits are paid almost entirely out of current revenues. As the ratio of retirees to taxpayers increases, concern about the high costs of providing benefits in a pay-as-you-go system has led economists to explore other options. One involves "prefunding," in which a person's withholdings are invested in financial instruments, such as stocks and bonds, the eventual returns from which would fund his or her retirement. The risks such a system would introduce-such as the volatility in the market prices of investment assets-are the focus of this offering from the NBER. Exploring the issues involved in measuring risk and developing models to reflect the risks of various investment-based systems, economists evaluate the magnitude of the risks that both retirees and taxpayers would assume. The insights that emerge show that the risk is actually moderate relative to the improved return, as well as being balanced by the ability of an investment-based system to adapt to differences in individual preferences and conditions. 410 0$aConference report (National Bureau of Economic Research) 606 $aPrivatization$zUnited States$vCongresses 606 $aSocial security$zUnited States$vCongresses 606 $aSocial security$zUnited States$xFinance$vCongresses 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aPrivatization 615 0$aSocial security 615 0$aSocial security$xFinance 676 $a368.4/3/00973 701 $aCampbell$b John Y$0117380 701 $aFeldstein$b Martin S$088785 712 02$aNational Bureau of Economic Research. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910454273803321 996 $aRisk aspects of investment-based social security reform$92014828 997 $aUNINA LEADER 05515nam 2200685 450 001 9910821120003321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-118-93920-4 010 $a1-118-93923-9 010 $a1-118-93921-2 035 $a(CKB)2560000000147976 035 $a(EBL)1666531 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001181677 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11760572 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001181677 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11145557 035 $a(PQKB)10947795 035 $a(OCoLC)876513013 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1666531 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1666531 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10860977 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL620511 035 $a(PPN)196534623 035 $a(EXLCZ)992560000000147976 100 $a20140502h20142014 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aNon-halogenated flame retardant handbook /$fedited by Alexander B. Morgan, Charles A. Wilkie ; cover design by Russell Richardson ; Dr. Gu?nter Beyer [and twelve others], contributors 210 1$aHoboken, New Jersey :$cScrivener Publishing :$cWiley,$d2014. 210 4$dİ2014 215 $a1 online resource (440 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-118-68624-1 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover; Tittle Page; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; List of Contributors; 1 The History and Future Trends of Non-halogenated Flame Retarded Polymers; 1.1 Introduction; 1.1.1 Why Non-Halogenated Flame Retardants?; 1.2 Key Flame Retardancy Safety Requirements; 1.3 Geographical Trends; 1.4 Applications for Non-halogenated FRP's; References; 2 Phosphorus-based FRs; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Main Classes of Phosphorus-based FRs; 2.3 Polyolefins; 2.4 Polycarbonate and Its Blends; 2.5 Polyphenylene Ether Blends; 2.6 Polyesters and Polyamides 327 $a2.7 Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPE) and Thermoplastic Polyurethanes (TPU)2.8 Epoxy Resins; 2.9 Unsaturated Polyesters; 2.10 PU Foams; 2.11 Textiles; 2.12 Conclusions and Further Trends; References; 3 Mineral Filler Flame Retardants; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Industrial Importance of Mineral Flame Retardants; 3.2.1 Market Share of Mineral FRs; 3.2.2 Synthetic Mineral FRs Within the Industrial Chemical Process Chain; 3.2.3 Natural Mineral FRs; 3.3 Overview of Mineral Filler FRs; 3.3.1 Mineral Filler Flame Retardants by Chemistry; 3.3.2 Classification by Production Process 327 $a3.3.2.1 Crushing and Grinding3.3.2.2 Air Classification; 3.3.2.3 Precipitation and Their Synthetic Processes; 3.3.2.4 Surface Treatment; 3.3.3 Physical Characterisation of Mineral FRs; 3.3.3.1 Particle Shape/Morphology/ Aspect Ratio; 3.3.3.2 Particle Size Distribution; 3.3.3.3 Sieve Residue; 3.3.3.4 BET Surface Area; 3.3.3.5 Oil Absorption; 3.3.3.6 pH-value/Specific Conductivity; 3.3.3.7 Bulk Density and Powder Flowability; 3.3.3.8 Thermal Stability/Loss on Ignition/Endothermic Heat; 3.3.4 General Impact of Mineral FRs on Polymer Material Properties; 3.3.4.1 Optical Properties 327 $a3.3.4.2 Mechanical Properties3.3.4.3 Water Uptake and Chemical Resistance; 3.3.4.4 Thermal Properties; 3.3.4.5 Electrical Properties; 3.3.4.6 Rheological Properties; 3.4 Working Principle of Hydrated Mineral Flame Retardants; 3.4.1 Filler Loading, Flammability and Flame Propagation; 3.4.2 Smoke Suppression; 3.4.3 Heat Release; 3.5 Thermoplastic and Elastomeric Applications; 3.5.1 Compounding Technology; 3.5.2 Compound Formulation Principals; 3.5.3 Wire & Cable; 3.5.4 Other Construction Products; 3.5.5 Special Applications; 3.5.6 Engineering Plastics for E&E Applications 327 $a3.6 Reactive Resins/Thermoset Applications3.6.1 Production Processes for Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composite; 3.6.1.1 Paste Production; 3.6.1.2 Hand Lamination/Hand-lay-up; 3.6.1.3 SMC and BMC; 3.6.1.4 Pultrusion; 3.6.1.5 RTM/RIM; 3.6.2 Formulation Principles; 3.6.3 Public Transport Applications of GFRP; 3.6.4 E & E Applications; 3.6.5 Construction and Industrial Applications; 3.7 Summary, Trends and Challenges; References; 4 Nitrogen-based Flame Retardants; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Main Types of Nitrogen-based Flame Retardants; 4.3 Ammonia-based Flame Retardants 327 $a4.3.1 Ammonium Polyphosphate 330 $a Due to the emphasis on replacing halogenated flame retardants with alternate technologies, this handbook contains in one place all of the current commercial non-halogenated flame retardant technologies, as well as experimental systems near commercialization. This book focuses on non-halogenated flame retardants in a holistic but practical manner. It starts with an overview of the regulations and customer perceptions driving non-halogenated flame retardant selection over older halogenated technologies. It then moves into separate chapters covering the known major classes of non-halo 606 $aFireproofing agents$vHandbooks, manuals, etc 606 $aFire resistant plastics$vHandbooks, manuals, etc 615 0$aFireproofing agents 615 0$aFire resistant plastics 676 $a628.9/223 702 $aMorgan$b Alexander B. 702 $aWilkie$b Charles A.$f1941- 702 $aRichardson$b Russell 702 $aBeyer$b Gu?nter 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910821120003321 996 $aNon-halogenated flame retardant handbook$94010779 997 $aUNINA