LEADER 01300nam 2200361Ia 450 001 996385749003316 005 20221107214312.0 035 $a(CKB)1000000000605515 035 $a(EEBO)2240866241 035 $a(OCoLC)38875795 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000605515 100 $a19980331d1689 uy | 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurbn||||a|bb| 200 14$aThe Prince of Orange's letter to the King [Felipe II of Spain, requesting the Cardinal de Granvelle's removal from Flanders]$b[electronic resource] 210 $aExon $c[s.n.]$dPrinted in the Year, 1689 215 $a1 sheet ([1] p.) 300 $aBroadside. 300 $aIncludes "The King's gracious answer." 300 $aImperfect: cropped, stained 300 $aReproduction of original in: William Andrews Clark Memorial Library, University of California, Los Angeles. 330 $aeebo-0189 607 $aBelgium$xHistory$y1555-1648 608 $aBroadsides$zLondon (England)$y17th century.$2rbgenr 700 $aWilliam$cPrince of Orange,$f1533-1584.$01001067 701 $aPhilip$cKing of Spain,$f1527-1598.$01005210 801 0$bEAE 801 1$bEAE 801 2$bWaOLN 906 $aBOOK 912 $a996385749003316 996 $aThe Prince of Orange's letter to the King$92310570 997 $aUNISA LEADER 04115nam 22005172 450 001 9910820816903321 005 20220105191402.0 010 $a981-4951-34-X 024 7 $a10.1355/9789814951340 035 $a(CKB)4100000011805564 035 $a(OCoLC)1263117271 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse99759 035 $a(DE-B1597)582795 035 $a(OCoLC)1243537938 035 $a(DE-B1597)9789814951340 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6521986 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL6521986 035 $a(UkCbUP)CR9789814951340 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000011805564 100 $a20211001d2021|||| uy| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aNon-state Chinese actors and their impact on relations between China and mainland Southeast Asia /$fEnze Han$b[electronic resource] 210 1$aSingapore :$cISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute,$d2021. 215 $a1 online resource (19 pages) $cdigital, PDF file(s) 225 1 $aTrends in Southeast Asia 300 $aTitle from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 17 Dec 2021). 311 $a981-4951-33-1 327 $tFrontmatter -- $tFOREWORD -- $tNon-State Chinese Actors and Their Impact on Relations between China and Mainland Southeast Asia - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -- $tNon-State Chinese Actors and Their Impact on Relations between China and Mainland Southeast Asia 330 $aInternational relations scholarship and the popular media tend to portray China as a great power with hegemonic designs for Southeast Asia. Moreover, studies on Chinese influence in Southeast Asia predominantly focus on the Chinese state. This paper argues that Chinese non-state actors and their daily encounters with local communities in Southeast Asia deserve equal attention as these interactions evidently produce friction at both the society-to-state and state-to-state level. The influence of Chinese non-state actors in Southeast Asia can be illustrated with three examples, namely, Chinese tourism operations in Thailand, Chinese market demand and agricultural transformations in Myanmar, and Chinese gangs within the casino economy in Cambodia. Thailand has recently become a top tourist destination for Chinese nationals. This has cultural implications as those involved in the tourism industry need to have Chinese language skills. The economic implications include increased competition and decreased accountability as Chinese tour companies have set up in Thailand using Thai locals as nominees. Bilateral relations also soured after a boat carrying Chinese tourists capsized in Thailand. As global prices of corn rose in 2011 and 2012, areas in Myanmar close to the Chinese border have increased corn cultivation to meet Chinese demands for that crop. This has led to deforestation in these areas. Chinese gangsters fleeing their government's crackdown in China have settled down to operate in the casino economy in Cambodia. Consequentially, there has been a rise in crime rate involving online scams and deteriorating public security. Despite the Chinese government encouraging the Cambodian government to enforce a ban on online gambling, the actions of non-state actors from China continue to be associated with the Chinese state as a whole and there is rising resentment towards the Chinese in Cambodia. The COVID-19 pandemic has temporarily halted cross-border trade between China and mainland Southeast Asia. This has negatively affected local farmers who are dependent on the Chinese market. 410 0$aTrends in Southeast Asia. 606 $aNon-state actors (International relations)$zChina 607 $aChina$xRelations$zSoutheast Asia 607 $aSoutheast Asia$xRelations$zChina 615 0$aNon-state actors (International relations) 676 $a341.2 700 $aHan$b Enze$01704563 801 0$bUkCbUP 801 1$bUkCbUP 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910820816903321 996 $aNon-state Chinese actors and their impact on relations between China and mainland Southeast Asia$94090659 997 $aUNINA