LEADER 03994nam 22006612 450 001 9910820671303321 005 20220416021659.0 010 $a1-78138-620-X 010 $a1-78138-894-6 010 $a1-84631-767-3 035 $a(CKB)2550000000108309 035 $a(EBL)1591003 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000736560 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12280650 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000736560 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10771773 035 $a(PQKB)10077130 035 $a(StDuBDS)EDZ0000127035 035 $a(UkCbUP)CR9781781386200 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC867105 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL867105 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10582944 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL878058 035 $a(OCoLC)801365216 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1591003 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1591003 035 $a(OCoLC)867929473 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000108309 100 $a20170307d2012|||| uy| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aBlack salt $eseafarers of African descent on British ships /$fRay Costello$b[electronic resource] 210 1$aLiverpool :$cLiverpool University Press,$d2012. 215 $a1 online resource (xxiii, 248 pages) $cdigital, PDF file(s) 300 $aTitle from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Jun 2017). 311 $a1-78138-014-7 311 $a1-84631-818-1 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aWorlds collide -- Destination uncertain -- A tar's life -- War under sail -- Blighty -- A question of rank -- From sail to steam -- Global conflict -- Sailortown under attack -- The Second World War -- After empire -- Epilogue. 330 $aDuring the Age of Sail, black seamen could be found in many shipboard roles in the Royal Navy, such as gunners, deck-hands and 'top men', working at heights in the rigging. In the later Age of Steam, black seamen were more likely to be found on merchantmen below deck; as cooks, stewards and stokers. Nevertheless, the navy was possibly a unique institution in that black and white could work alongside each other more than in any other occupation. In this fascinating work, Dr. Ray Costello examines the work and experience of seamen of African descent in Britain's navy, from impressed slaves to free Africans, British West Indians, and British-born Black sailors. Seamen from the Caribbean and directly from Africa have contributed to both the British Royal Navy and Merchant Marine from at least the Tudor period and by the end of the period of the British Slave Trade at least three percent of all crewmen were black mariners.Black sailors signed off in British ports helped the steady growth of a black population. In spite of racial prejudice in port, relationships were forged between sailors of different races which frequently ignored expected norms when working and living together in the isolated world of the ship.Black seamen on British ships have served as by no means a peripheral force within the British Royal and Mercantile navies and were not only to be found working in both the foreground and background of naval engagements throughout their long history, but helping to ensure the supply of foodstuffs and the necessities of life to Britain. Their experiences span the gamut of sorrow and tragedy, heroism, victory and triumph. 606 $aMerchant marine$zGreat Britain$xHistory 606 $aSailors, Black$zGreat Britain$xHistory 606 $aFreed persons$xSocial conditions$y19th century 607 $aGreat Britain$xHistory, Naval$y19th century 615 0$aMerchant marine$xHistory. 615 0$aSailors, Black$xHistory. 615 0$aFreed persons$xSocial conditions 676 $a387.508996041 700 $aCostello$b R.$0866197 801 0$bUkCbUP 801 1$bUkCbUP 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910820671303321 996 $aBlack salt$94118758 997 $aUNINA