LEADER 04392nam 2200661Ia 450 001 9910820604803321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-283-89038-0 010 $a0-8122-0728-9 024 7 $a10.9783/9780812207286 035 $a(CKB)3240000000068554 035 $a(OCoLC)811411235 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10594436 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000713835 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11493264 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000713835 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10658765 035 $a(PQKB)11446812 035 $a(DE-B1597)449512 035 $a(OCoLC)1013948351 035 $a(OCoLC)979741272 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780812207286 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3441711 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10594436 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL420288 035 $a(OCoLC)932312474 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3441711 035 $a(EXLCZ)993240000000068554 100 $a20070604d2008 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aIslamic gardens and landscapes /$fD. Fairchild Ruggles 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aPhiladelphia $cUniversity of Pennsylvania Press$dc2008 215 $a1 online resource (291 p.) 225 0 $aPenn studies in landscape architecture 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 $a0-8122-2514-7 311 $a0-8122-4025-1 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 241-253) and index. 327 $tFront matter --$tContents --$tPreface --$t1. The Islamic Landscape --$t2. Making the Desert Bloom --$t3. The Science of Gardening --$t4. Organizing the Earth --$t5. Trees and Plants --$t6. Representations of Gardens and Landscape --$t7. Imaginary Gardens --$t8. The Garden as Paradise --$t9. The Here and Hereafter --$t10. A Garden in Landscape --$t11. Religion and Culture --$tList of Gardens and Sites --$tGlossary --$tNotes --$tBibliography --$tIndex --$tAcknowledgments 330 $a"In the course of my research," writes D. Fairchild Ruggles, "I devoured Arabic agricultural manuals from the tenth through the fourteenth centuries. I love gardening, and in these texts I was able to enter the minds of agriculturalists and botanists of a thousand years ago who likewise believed it was important and interesting to record all the known ways of propagating olive trees, the various uses of rosemary, and how best to fertilize a garden bed. "Western admirers have long seen the Islamic garden as an earthly reflection of the paradise said to await the faithful. However, such simplification, Ruggles contends, denies the sophistication and diversity of the art form. Islamic Gardens and Landscapes immerses the reader in the world of the architects of the great gardens of the Islamic world, from medieval Morocco to contemporary India. Just as Islamic culture is historically dense, sophisticated, and complex, so too is the history of its built landscapes. Islamic gardens began from the practical need to organize the surrounding space of human civilization, tame nature, enhance the earth's yield, and create a legible map on which to distribute natural resources. Ruggles follows the evolution of these early farming efforts to their aristocratic apex in famous formal gardens of the Alhambra in Spain and the Taj Mahal in Agra. Whether in a humble city home or a royal courtyard, the garden has several defining characteristics, which Ruggles discusses. Most notable is an enclosed space divided into four equal parts surrounding a central design element. The traditional Islamic garden is inwardly focused, usually surrounded by buildings or in the form of a courtyard. Water provides a counterpoint to the portioned green sections. Ranging across poetry, court documents, agronomy manuals, and early garden representations, and richly illustrated with pictures and site plans, Islamic Gardens and Landscapes is a book of impressive scope sure to interest scholars and enthusiasts alike. 606 $aIslamic gardens 606 $aGardens, Persian 615 0$aIslamic gardens. 615 0$aGardens, Persian. 676 $a712.0917/67 700 $aRuggles$b D. Fairchild$01595535 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910820604803321 996 $aIslamic gardens and landscapes$93916514 997 $aUNINA