LEADER 05422nam 2200661 450 001 9910819201203321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a3-527-67592-2 010 $a3-527-67590-6 010 $a3-527-67593-0 035 $a(CKB)3710000000097412 035 $a(EBL)1658827 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001211537 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11687413 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001211537 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11206267 035 $a(PQKB)10835115 035 $a(OCoLC)875098593 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1658827 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10855737 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL586300 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1658827 035 $a(PPN)19653352X 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000097412 100 $a20140413h20142014 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aBridging heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis $econcepts, strategies, and applications /$fedited by Can Li and Yan Liu 210 1$aWeinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany :$cWiley-VCH,$d2014. 210 4$dİ2014 215 $a1 online resource (651 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a3-527-33583-8 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index. 327 $aBridging Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Catalysis; Contents; Preface; List of Contributors; Chapter 1 Acid-Base Cooperative Catalysis for Organic Reactions by Designed Solid Surfaces with Organofunctional Groups; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Bifunctional Catalysts Possessing Both Acidic and Basic Organic Groups; 1.2.1 Urea-Amine Bifunctional Catalyst; 1.2.2 Sulfonic or Carboxylic Acid-Amine Bifunctional Catalyst; 1.3 Bifunctional Catalysts Possessing Basic Organic Groups and Acid Sites Derived from Their Support Surface; 1.3.1 Organic Base-Catalyzed Reactions Enhanced by SiO2 327 $a1.3.2 Amine-Catalyzed Reactions Enhanced by Acid Site on Silica-Alumina1.3.3 Control of Acid-Base Interaction on Solid Surface; 1.3.4 Cooperative Catalysis of Acid Site, Primary Amine, and Tertiary Amine; 1.4 Prospect; References; Chapter 2 Catalytic Reactions in or by Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids: Bridging the Gap between Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis; 2.1 Introduction and Background; 2.2 Catalysis with IL-Supported or Mediated Metal Nanoparticles; 2.2.1 Preparation of MNPs in ILs; 2.2.1.1 IL Itself as the Reducing Agent; 2.2.1.2 Molecular Hydrogen as Reducing Agent 327 $a2.2.1.3 NaBH4 as the Reducing Agent2.2.1.4 Other Reducing Agents; 2.2.2 Characterization of IL-Supported or Mediated MNPs; 2.2.2.1 XPS and NMR; 2.2.2.2 SEM and TEM; 2.2.2.3 Molecular Dynamics Simulations; 2.2.3 Hydrogenation Reactions; 2.2.4 IL-Supported Pd NPs; 2.2.5 IL-Supported Pt and Ir NPs; 2.2.6 IL-Supported Ru NPs; 2.2.6.1 IL-Supported Rh NPs; 2.2.7 C-C Coupling Reactions; 2.2.7.1 Suzuki Reaction; 2.2.7.2 Mizoroki-Heck Reaction; 2.2.7.3 Stille Reaction; 2.2.7.4 Sonogashira Reaction; 2.2.7.5 Ullmann Reaction; 2.2.8 Brief Summary 327 $a2.3 Reactions Catalyzed by Solid-Supported IL: Heterogeneous Catalysis with Homogeneous Performance2.3.1 Introduction; 2.3.1.1 Design, Preparation, and Properties of Supported IL-Phase Catalysis; 2.3.2 Design, Preparation, and Properties of Silica Gel-Confined IL Catalysts; 2.3.2.1 Design, Preparation, and Properties of Covalently Supported IL Catalysts; 2.3.3 Catalytic Reaction with Supported IL Catalysts; 2.3.3.1 Catalytic Hydrogenation; 2.3.3.2 Selective Oxidation; 2.3.3.3 Catalytic Carbonylation Reaction; 2.3.3.4 Water-Gas Shift Reaction; 2.3.3.5 Isomerization and Oligomerization 327 $a2.3.3.6 Alkylation and Esterification Reactions2.3.3.7 Asymmetric Catalysis; 2.3.3.8 Enzyme Catalysis; 2.3.4 Brief Summary; 2.4 Outlook; References; Chapter 3 Heterogeneous Catalysis with Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials; 3.1 Introduction; 3.1.1 Ordered Mesoporous Silica; 3.1.2 Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials; 3.1.3 Heterogeneous Catalysis; 3.2 Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials; 3.2.1 General Advantages of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials; 3.2.2 Grafting and Co-Condensation; 3.2.2.1 Amine Groups; 3.2.2.2 Ionic Liquids (ILs); 3.2.2.3 Others 327 $a3.2.3 Periodic Mesoporous Organosilicas (PMOs) 330 $aThere are two main disciplines in catalysis research -- homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. This is due to the fact that the catalyst is either in the same phase (homogeneous catalysis) as the reaction being catalyzed or in a different phase (heterogeneous catalysis). Over the past decade, various approaches have been implemented to combine the advantages of homogeneous catalysis (efficiency, selectivity) with those of heterogeneous catalysis (stability, recovery) by the heterogenization of homogeneous catalysts or by carrying out homogeneous reactions under heterogeneous conditions. 606 $aHeterogeneous catalysis$xData processing 606 $aCatalysis$xIndustrial applications 615 0$aHeterogeneous catalysis$xData processing. 615 0$aCatalysis$xIndustrial applications. 676 $a541.395 702 $aLi$b Can 702 $aLiu$b Yan 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910819201203321 996 $aBridging heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis$93997100 997 $aUNINA LEADER 03190nam 22009015 450 001 9910954655903321 005 20220114183123.0 010 $a1-64469-288-0 024 7 $a10.1515/9781644692882 035 $a(CKB)4100000010659602 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6134205 035 $a(DE-B1597)541913 035 $a(OCoLC)1128061217 035 $a(DE-B1597)9781644692882 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000010659602 100 $a20200406h20202020 fg 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 14$aThe History of the civil war in Tajikistan /$fIraj Bashiri 210 1$aBoston :$cAcademic Studies Press,$d[2020] 210 4$dİ2020 215 $a1 online resource (327 pages) 225 1 $aCentral Asian studies 311 08$a1-64469-287-2 327 $aThe War Year -- The Emirate of Bukhara -- The Sovietization of Tajikistan -- End of an Era -- The Government of National Reconciliation -- Reinventing the Wheel -- The Path to Recovery. 330 $a"The book is about the Tajiks, a Muslim community in Central Asia, their Sovietization, and their bloody civil war. The conflict was about the type of constitution that Tajikistan should adopt: Communist, secular, or based on the Islamic Shari'a. The parliamentary discussions aimed at preventing a war, and the armed struggle that ensued are both discussed in detail. Events are seen through the eyes of Safarali Kenjaev, Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of Tajikistan at the time. The volume also includes the author's impressions and interviews gathered during his year-long residence (1993) in war-torn Tajikistan as IREX's man in Dushanbe."--$cProvided by publisher. 410 0$aCentral Asian studies. 606 $aHISTORY / Asia / Central Asia$2bisacsh 607 $aTajikistan$xHistory 610 $aBukhara. 610 $aCentral Asia. 610 $aCold War. 610 $aHanafi. 610 $aIran. 610 $aJadidists. 610 $aPerestroika. 610 $aShari?a. 610 $aSovietization. 610 $aTajik independence. 610 $aTajikistan Civil War. 610 $aTurkey. 610 $aWahhabism. 610 $aWorld War II. 610 $aamirs. 610 $aatheism. 610 $acadre. 610 $acivil war. 610 $acommunism. 610 $aeconomy. 610 $aethnicity. 610 $aglasnost?. 610 $aidentity. 610 $aideology. 610 $ainfrastructure. 610 $anineteenth century. 610 $anomenklatura. 610 $apolitics. 610 $apost-Soviet states. 610 $aradical Islam. 610 $areconstruction. 610 $areform. 610 $aregionalism. 610 $areligion. 610 $asecular state. 610 $asocialism. 615 7$aHISTORY / Asia / Central Asia. 676 $a958.6086 700 $aBashiri$b Iraj$0638120 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910954655903321 996 $aThe History of the civil war in Tajikistan$94382083 997 $aUNINA