LEADER 05703oam 22007215 450 001 9910818262803321 005 20240410034727.0 010 $a1-4648-0465-6 024 7 $a10.1596/978-1-4648-0464-9 035 $a(CKB)3710000000440158 035 $a(EBL)2081828 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001520150 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11979162 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001520150 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11525963 035 $a(PQKB)10631256 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC2081828 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL2081828 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11070635 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL809572 035 $a(OCoLC)910622071 035 $a(The World Bank)18494542 035 $a(US-djbf)18494542 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000440158 100 $a20150213d2015 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cn$2rdamedia 183 $anc$2rdacarrier 200 10$aResponding to the challenge of fragility and security in West Africa /$fAlexandre Marc, Neelam Verjee, and Stephen Mogaka, Fragility, Conflict, and Violence Group, World Bank 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cThe World Bank,$d2015. 215 $a1 online resource (pages cm) 225 1 $aAfrica Development Forum 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-4648-0464-8 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index. 327 $aCover; Contents; Foreword; Acknowledgments; About the Authors; Abbreviations; Introduction; Note; References; 1 An Overview of Conflict and Violence in West Africa; Tables; 1.1 Selected Conflicts in West Africa; The Nature of Violence and Conflict in West Africa; Figures; 1.1 State-Based Conflicts in Sub-Saharan Africa, by Subregion, 1960-2012; Boxes; 1.1 Violence after the End of the Cold War; 1.2 Fatalities from Organized Violence in West Africa, 1989-2012; 1.3 Estimates of Fatalities from Organized Violence in East, Central, and Southern Africa, 1989-2012 327 $a1.4 Combination of Drivers That Created and Sustained Conditions for Civil War in Co?te d'Ivoire1.2 Legacy of Guinea-Bissau's Protracted and Violent Anticolonial Insurgency; 1.3 Theories of Civil War and Political Violence: Greed versus Grievance; 1.4 Overlapping Forms of Violence in Nigeria; 1.5 Guinea-Bissau's Fragility Trap; 1.6 Subregional Conflict Systems: The Example of the Mano River Basin; Maps; 1.1 Conflict Systems in West Africa; The Rapidly Changing Nature of Violence in West Africa; Notes; References 327 $a2 Addressing Emerging Threats: Trafficking, Maritime Piracy, and Religious ExtremismThe Scourge of Narcotrafficking; 2.1 Flow of Cocaine from Latin America via West Africa to Europe; 2.1 Estimated Value of Flows of Some Trafficked Goods in West Africa; Maritime Piracy in the Gulf of Guinea; 2.2 Piracy Incidents in the Gulf of Guinea, 2012; The Rise of Religious Extremism in West Africa; 2.1 Niger: Holding Fast in a Troubled Neighborhood; Recommendations for Addressing Emerging Threats; Notes; References; 3 Tackling the Complex Challenges of Youth and Migration 327 $aThe Challenge of Youth Inclusion: Promise or Peril?Migration: A Subregion on the Move; 3.1 Intraregional Migration within the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS); Notes; References; 4 Redressing Regional Imbalances and Distributing Mineral Resource Revenues More Equitably; The Time Bomb of Regional Imbalances; 4.1 Access to Electricity and Education in the North and South of Co?te d'Ivoire, Ghana, Mali, and Nigeria; 4.2 Access to Electricity and Education in Nigeria, by Ethnicity and Religion, 2008 327 $a4.3 Access to Electricity and Education in Co?te d'Ivoire, by Ethnicity and Religion, 20134.4 Access to Electricity and Education in Ghana, by Ethnicity and Religion, 2009; Avoiding the "Resource Curse" by Recognizing and Addressing Social Grievances; 4.5 Gross Domestic Product and Significance of Extractive Industry Investment in West Africa, by Country, 2005 and 2012; 4.1 Lessons from Ghana on Transparency in Extractives; Notes; References; 5 Managing the Competition for Power in Order to Reduce the Fragility of Political Institutions; The Postcolonial Centralization of Power 327 $a5.1 Fatalities as a Result of Election-Related Violence in West Africa 330 $aSince independence, the West African sub-region has been an arena for a number of large-scale conflicts and civil wars, as well as simmering and low-intensity uprisings. Contrary to perceptions, West Africa in its post-independence history has experienced fewer conflict events and fatalities from conflict than the other sub-regions on the continent. The turn of the millennium has witnessed the recession of large-scale and conventional conflict, and it has ushered in new and emerging threats. The specters of religious extremism, maritime piracy, and narcotics trafficking threaten toundermine so 410 0$aWorld Bank e-Library. 606 $aNational security$zAfrica, West 606 $aConflict management$zAfrica, West 606 $aPolitical stability$zAfrica, West 615 0$aNational security 615 0$aConflict management 615 0$aPolitical stability 676 $a303.6/90966 700 $aMarc$b Alexandre$f1956-$01609544 702 $aVerjee$b Neelam 702 $aMogaka$b Stephen 712 02$aWorld Bank.$bFragility, Conflict and Violence Group, 801 0$bIEN/DLC 801 1$bIEN 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910818262803321 996 $aResponding to the challenge of fragility and security in West Africa$94075722 997 $aUNINA