LEADER 11247nam 2200649 a 450 001 9910817775003321 005 20240410172146.0 010 $a1-61728-403-3 035 $a(CKB)2670000000041868 035 $a(EBL)3020789 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000416868 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12182439 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000416868 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10422233 035 $a(PQKB)10081993 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3020789 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3020789 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10680927 035 $a(OCoLC)923664036 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000041868 100 $a20090501d2009 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aEnergy research developments$b[electronic resource] $etidal energy, energy efficiency and solar energy /$fKenneth F. Johnson and Thomas R. Veliotti, editors 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aNew York $cNova Science Publishers$dc2009 215 $a1 online resource (396 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-60692-680-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aIntro -- ENERGY RESEARCH DEVELOPMENTS:TIDAL ENERGY, ENERGY EFFICIENCYAND SOLAR ENERGY -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- MULTIPLE EFFECT DISTILLATION OF SEAWATERWATER USING SOLAR ENERGY - THE CASEOF ABU DHABI SOLAR DESALINATION PLANT -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. History of Abu Dhabi Solar Desalination Plant -- 3. Description of Abu Dhabi Solar Desalination Plant -- 3.1. Plant Description -- 3.1.1. The Solar Heat Collector Subsystem -- 3.1.2. The Heat Accumulator Subsystem -- 3.1.3. MED Evaporator Subsystem -- 3.2. Design Features -- 4. Measurements and Data Acquisition System -- 4.1. Measuring the Heat Collected in Block F -- 5. Data Analysis -- 5.1. Calculating the Solar Radiation on Absorber Plate -- 5.2. Calculating the Amount of Heat Collected and Collector Outlet WaterTemperature -- 5.3. Calculating the Performance of the Evaporator -- 5.3.1. Calculating the Brine Concentration for Each Effect -- 5.3.2. OHTC of Heater (First Effect) -- 5.3.3. Average OHTC of Other Evaporator Effects -- 5.3.4. Average OHTC of Preheaters -- 5.3.5. OHTC of Condenser -- 5.3.6. Evaporator Economy -- 6. Weather Condition in Abu Dhabi -- 7. Operating Characteristics -- 7.1. Heat Collecting Subsystem -- 7.1.1. Heat Collector Efficiency -- Instantaneous Heat Collection Efficiency -- 7.1.2. Daily Heat Collection Efficiency -- 7.2. Heat Accumulator System -- 7.2.1. Heat Loss from the Heat Accumulator -- 7.2.2. Thermal Stratification Ratio -- 7.3. Evaporating System -- 7.3.1. Evaporator Performance -- Overall Heat Transfer Coefficients -- 7.4. Performance of the Plant -- 8. Plant Maintenance and Modifications -- 8.1. Heat Collecting System -- 8.1.1. Cleaning the Solar Collector Field -- 8.1.2. Corrosion of the Collector Air Vent Valves -- 8.1.3. Vacuum Loss Inside Glass Tubes -- 8.1.4. Scale Prevention. 327 $a8.1.5. Anti-corrosion Chemical for Use in the Heat Collecting Water -- 8.1.6. Measures against Power Failure -- 8.2. Evaporating System -- 8.2.1. Evaporator Pump Maintenance -- 8.2.2. Inspection of the Evaporator -- 8.2.3. Change in Operating Sequence -- 8.2.4. Modification of the System for Injecting Anti-scale Chemical -- 8.2.5. Modification of the Method of Feeding Sealing -- Water to the Priming Vacuum Pump -- 9. Simulation Program and its Validation -- 9.1. Simulation Program -- 9.1.1. Outline -- 9.1.2. Flow Chart of the SOLDES Program -- 9.1.3. Program Input and Output Data -- 9.1.4. Mathematical Models -- 9.2. Comparison of Simulation and Actually Measured Values -- 10. Evaluation of the Test Plant -- 10.1. Optimum Operating Conditions -- 10.2. Simulation Results -- 10.3. Evaluation of the Solar Plant -- 11. Economic Considerations and Comparisonwith Conventional MED Plants -- 11.1. Basic Economic Parameters -- 11.2. Capital Equipment Cost -- 11.2.1. Capital Cost of MED Evaporator -- 11.2.2. Capital Cost of Solar Thermal Collectors -- 11.2.3. Capital Cost of Heat Accumulator -- 11.2.4. Capital Cost of Steam Generator for Conventional MED Systems -- 11.2.5. Capital Cost of Diesel Generator -- 11.3. Operation and Maintenance Expenses -- 11.3.1. Consumable Chemical Expenses -- 11.3.2. Electrical Energy Consumption -- 11.3.3. Spare Parts Cost -- 11.3.4. Personnel Cost -- 11.4. Estimating the Cost of Water Produced -- 12. Results of the Economic Study -- Acknowledgement -- Conclusion -- Nomenclature -- Greek symbols -- Subscripts -- Appendix. Physical Properties of Seawater -- References -- DYNAMICS AND ENERGETICS OF THE M2 SURFACEAND INTERNAL TIDES IN THE ARCTIC OCEAN:SOME MODEL RESULTS -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Model -- 3. Model Results -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- TIDAL POWER- MOVING AHEAD -- Abstract -- Introduction. 327 $aTidal Barrages -- Tidal Lagoons -- Tidal Turbines -- Tidal Current Turbines around the World -- The Prospects for Tidal Power -- Conclusions: Issues and Options -- References -- NEW SOLID MEDIUM FOR ELECTROCHEMISTRYAND ITS APPLICATION TO DYE-SENSITIZEDSOLAR CELLS -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Properties of Polysaccharide Solids Containing Excess Water -- Solid Medium for Electrochemistry -- Overview for Electrochemistry in Solid -- Electrochemical Characteristics in Polysaccharide Solid Media -- Conclusive Remarks -- Ionically Conductive Solid of Polysaccharide -- Overview for Ionically Conductive Solid -- Ionic Conductivity of Polysaccharide Solids -- Conclusive Remarks -- A Solid Medium wherein Molecular Diffusion Takes Place theSame as in a Liquid but Convection ss Prohibited -- Molecular Diffusion and Bulk Convection -- Prohibition of Bulk Convection in Polysaccharide Solids -- Conclusive Remarks -- Application of Polysaccharide Solids to a Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell -- Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell and its Solidification -- Experimental and Results for Solid-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell -- Conclusive Remarks -- Conclusion and Future Scopes -- References -- PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATIONOF A MULTI-STAGE SOLAR STILL -- Abstract -- Nomenclature -- Greek Letters -- Subscripts -- Introduction -- Position of the Problem -- Experimental Setup and Measurement Device -- Results -- Influence of the Heat Flux Density -- Influence of the Temperature of Feed Water -- Influence of the Water Feed Flow Rate -- Determination of the Production of a Multi-Stage Solar Distiller -- Conclusion -- References -- DESIGN AND SIZING OF A DIGESTERCOUPLED TO AN AIR SOLAR COLLECTOR -- Abstract -- Nomenclature -- Introduction -- Family Digestor -- Operating Basis -- Description -- The Sizing -- Low Temperature Solar System -- Operating Principle -- Description -- Solar Collector. 327 $aHeat Storage in the Packed Bed -- Sizing -- Estimation of Biogaz Production -- Conclusion -- References -- FLUID INCLUSION MICROTHERMOMETRY AND GASCHEMISTRY IN GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM, JAPANAND ITS APPLICATION FOR THE STUDYOF FLUID EVOLUTION -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Microthermometry -- 2.1. Estimation of Reservoir Temperature -- 2.2. Evaluation of Geothermal Potential -- 3. GAS Chemistry -- 3.1. Crushing Experiments -- 3.2. Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry -- 3.2.1. Analytical Method -- Individual Gas Analytical Method -- Bulk Gas Analytical Method -- 3.2.2. Interpretation of Gas Analytical Data -- Individual Gas Analytical Data -- Bulk Gas Analytical Data -- 3.2.3. Bulk Gas Composition of Fluid Inclusion from GeothermalFields in Japan -- 3.3. Case Studies of Fluid Inclusion from Geothermal Fields,Northeastern Japan -- 3.3.1. Mori Geothermal Field -- Formation of Ca-Rich Hypersaline Brine and CO2-Rich Fluid -- Gas Evolution in the Reservoir Fluid -- 3.3.2. Matsukawa Geothermal Field -- 3.3.3. Kakkonda Geothermal Field -- Characterization of the Upflow Zone -- Gas Evolution in the Reservoir Fluid -- Origin of the Reservoir Fluid -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- SIZE DEPENDENT INTERFACE ENERGY -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Scope -- Overview -- Solid-Liquid Interface Energy -- The Bulk Solid-Liquid Interface Energy ?sl0 -- ?sl0(Tm) for Elemental Crystals -- ?sl0(Tm) for Organic Crystals -- ?sl0(Tm) for Intermetallic Compounds and Oxides -- ?sl0(Tm) in Metals: fcc Versus bcc -- The Size Dependence of Solid-liquid Interface Energy ?sl(D) -- The Determination of Nucleus-liquid Interface Energy ?sl(Dn,Tn) -- ?sl(Dn,Tn) for Metallic and Semiconductors Elements -- ?sl(Dn,Tn) for Alkali Halides -- Solid-Solid Interface Energy -- The Bulk Solid-solid Interface Energy ?ss0 -- The Size Dependence of Solid-solid Interface Energy ?ss(D). 327 $aSolid-Vapor Interface Energy or Surface Energy -- The Bulk Surface Energy ?sv0 -- The Size-Dependent Surface Energy ?sv(D) -- Liquid-Vapor Interface Energy or Surface Tension -- The Bulk Surface Tension ?lv0 and its Temperature Coefficient ??lv0 -- Determination of ?lv0(Tm) Values -- Determination of ??lv0(Tm) Values -- Estimation of ?lv0(T) and ??lv0(T) Functions -- The Size Dependence of Surface Tension ?lv(D) -- Summary and Further Prospects -- Acknowledgement -- References -- SUSTAINABLE USE OF ENVIRONMENTALRESOURCES: OPTIMIZATIONOF LOGISTICS OPERATIONS -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Sustainable Use of Resources -- 1.2. The Role of Environmental Decision Support Systems -- 1.2.1. Forest Biomass Use for Energy Production -- 1.2.2. Solid Waste Management in Urban Areas -- 2. Supply Chain Optimization for Forest Biomass Use for EnergyProduction -- 2.1. Strategic Planning: Formalization of the Decision Problem -- 2.2. Tactical Planning: Formalization of the Decision Problem -- 2.3. The Case Study -- Results -- 2.3. System Implementation -- 3. Logistics Aspects of Solid Waste Managementin Urban Areas: Formalization of Multi-ObjectiveOptimization Problems -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. The MSW Decision Problem -- 3.3. The MODM Approach -- 3.4. The Formalization of the MODM Decision Problem -- 3.4.1.Objectives -- 3.4.2.Constraints -- 3.5. The Case Study -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- NORTH AMERICAN OIL SANDS: HISTORYOF DEVELOPMENT, PROSPECTS FOR THE FUTURE* -- Abstract -- Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Introduction -- World Oil Sands Reserves and Resources[4] -- What Are Oil Sands? -- U.S. Oil Sand Resources -- Canadian Oil Sand Resources -- History of Development -- Role of Industry and Government -- U.S. Oil Sands -- Canadian Oil Sands -- Oil Sands Production Process -- Extraction Process -- Production Technology -- Upgrading[46]. 327 $aCost of Development and Production. 606 $aRenewable energy sources$xResearch 606 $aOcean wave power 606 $aEnergy conservation 606 $aSolar energy 615 0$aRenewable energy sources$xResearch. 615 0$aOcean wave power. 615 0$aEnergy conservation. 615 0$aSolar energy. 676 $a621.042 701 $aJohnson$b Kenneth F.$f1965-$01650351 701 $aVeliotti$b Thomas R$01650352 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910817775003321 996 $aEnergy research developments$93999674 997 $aUNINA