LEADER 05633nam 2200649Ia 450 001 9910817064903321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-280-20333-1 010 $a9786610203338 010 $a0-309-53776-2 010 $a0-585-14957-7 035 $a(CKB)111004366660640 035 $a(OCoLC)567851072 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10060406 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000106831 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11122397 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000106831 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10132542 035 $a(PQKB)11026459 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3376837 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3376837 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10060406 035 $a(OCoLC)923266303 035 $a(EXLCZ)99111004366660640 100 $a20040925d1992 my 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aEcology /$fEcology Panel, Committee to Review the Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Program, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, National Research Council 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academy Press$d1992 215 $a1 online resource (162 p.) 225 0 $aAssessment of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Program ;$vII 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 $a0-309-04598-3 320 $aIncludes bibliographical reference. 327 $aAssessment of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Program -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- THE PRESENT STUDY -- MARINE BIRDS, MAMMALS, AND TURTLES -- BENTHIC PROCESSES -- FISHERIES AND ECOSYSTEMS -- GENERAL CONCLUSIONS -- GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS -- 1 Introduction -- OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF ACTIVITIES -- Magnitude and Management -- Environmental Concerns -- THE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES PROGRAM -- Mandate -- History of the Environmental Studies Program -- Development of a Studies Plan -- Implementation of Studies According to Lease-Sale Schedules -- MMS Support of Ecological Studies -- THE PRESENT STUDY AND REPORT -- 2 Principles of Assessment -- FOCUS AND GEOGRAPHIC EXTENT OF STUDIES -- ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABILITY: DETECTING THE EFFECTS OF OCS ACTIVITIES -- Testing Hypotheses -- Different Approaches for Different Species Groups -- STUDIES OF MARINE BIRDS, MAMMALS, TURTLES, AND ENDANGERED SPECIES -- Selection of Species for Study -- Distribution and Abundance -- Ecological Processes -- Relationship of Distribution to Oceanic Features -- Trophic Relationships -- Population Processes -- Community and Ecosystem Processes -- Specific OCS Impacts -- Effects of External Oiling -- Toxic Effects of Ingested Oil and Other Physiological Effects -- Trophic Effects -- Disturbance -- Other Potential Effects -- CHARACTERIZATION OF BENTHIC ENVIRONMENTS -- FISHERIES -- ECOSYSTEM MODELING -- 3 Analysis of the Program -- BIRDS -- Allocation of Program Effort -- Assessment of Results -- Selection of Species and Locations for Study -- Colony Inventories -- At-Sea Inventories -- Shoreline Habitat Inventories -- Colony Process Studies -- At-Sea Process Studies -- Effects Studies, Modeling, and Estimation of Risk -- Gaps in the Available Data -- Colony Inventories -- At-Sea Inventories -- Shoreline Habitat Inventories. 327 $aColony Process Studies -- At-Sea Process Studies -- Shoreline and Nearshore Process Studies -- Effects -- Models and Estimation of Risk -- Recommendations for Future Research -- Colony Inventories -- At-Sea Inventories -- Shoreline Habitat Inventories -- Colony Process Studies -- At-Sea Process Studies -- Shoreline Process Studies -- Effects and Risk Studies -- Modeling Studies -- Coordination, Cooperation, and Organization -- SEA TURTLES -- MARINE MAMMALS -- Introduction -- Environmental Studies Program and Results -- Inventory -- Effects -- Ecological Processes -- Gaps in Available Data -- Inventory -- Effects -- Ecological Processes -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- Inventory -- Effects -- Ecological Processes -- Data Management and Accessibility -- BENTHIC STUDIES -- Accomplishments of the Environmental Studies Program -- Shortcomings of the Environmental Studies Program -- Design of Benthic Monitoring Programs -- Understanding Benthic Processes -- Biogeochemical Concerns -- Statistical Analyses -- Biological Hierarchy -- Other Impacts -- Summary of Monitoring Design Requirements -- FISHERIES -- Information Needed -- ECOSYSTEM MODELING -- Biological Models Developed with MMS Funding -- Circulation Models -- Population Risk Models -- Ecosystem and Oil-Flux Models -- Fishery Models -- Drilling Discharges -- Evaluation of MMS Modeling Efforts -- 4 Conclusions and Recommendations -- CONCLUSIONS -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- References -- Appendix A Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources -- Appendix B Ecology Study Contracts Awarded by Minerals Management Service, 1973-1989. 517 3 $aEcology 606 $aContinental shelf$zUnited States 606 $aEnvironmental impact analysis$zUnited States 606 $aOffshore oil industry$xEnvironmental aspects$zUnited States 606 $aOil and gas leases$zUnited States 615 0$aContinental shelf 615 0$aEnvironmental impact analysis 615 0$aOffshore oil industry$xEnvironmental aspects 615 0$aOil and gas leases 676 $a333.8/2314/0973 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910817064903321 996 $aEcology$959519 997 $aUNINA