LEADER 04941nam 2200697Ia 450 001 9910816580603321 005 20230207214102.0 010 $a1-5017-1617-4 010 $a0-8014-5777-7 010 $a0-8014-5901-X 024 7 $a10.7591/9780801459016 035 $a(CKB)2670000000079160 035 $a(EBL)3138035 035 $a(OCoLC)768692668 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000482672 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11306146 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000482672 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10529337 035 $a(PQKB)11047997 035 $a(OCoLC)966763020 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse51930 035 $a(DE-B1597)478479 035 $a(OCoLC)979968106 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780801459016 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3138035 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10457657 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL759700 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3138035 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000079160 100 $a20101007d2010 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnn#---|u||u 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 14$aThe ambiguities of experience$b[electronic resource] /$fJames G. March 210 $aIthaca, N.Y. $cCornell University Press$d2010 215 $a1 online resource (164 p.) 225 1 $aThe messenger lectures 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 0 $a1-336-28414-5 311 0 $a0-8014-4877-8 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFront matter --$tCONTENTS --$tPREFACE --$t1. THE PURSUIT OF INTELLIGENCE --$t2. LEARNING THROUGH REPLICATING SUCCESS --$t3. LEARNING THROUGH STORIES AND MODELS --$t4. GENERATING NOVELTY --$t5. THE LESSONS OF EXPERIENCE --$tREFERENCES --$tINDEX 330 $a"The first component of intelligence involves effective adaptation to an environment. In order to adapt effectively, organizations require resources, capabilities at using them, knowledge about the worlds in which they exist, good fortune, and good decisions. They typically face competition for resources and uncertainties about the future. Many, but possibly not all, of the factors determining their fates are outside their control. Populations of organizations and individual organizations survive, in part, presumably because they possess adaptive intelligence; but survival is by no means assured. The second component of intelligence involves the elegance of interpretations of the experiences of life. Such interpretations encompass both theories of history and philosophies of meaning, but they go beyond such things to comprehend the grubby details of daily existence. Interpretations decorate human existence. They make a claim to significance that is independent of their contribution to effective action. Such intelligence glories in the contemplation, comprehension, and appreciation of life, not just the control of it."-from The Ambiguities of Experience In The Ambiguities of Experience, James G. March asks a deceptively simple question: What is, or should be, the role of experience in creating intelligence, particularly in organizations? Folk wisdom both trumpets the significance of experience and warns of its inadequacies. On one hand, experience is described as the best teacher. On the other hand, experience is described as the teacher of fools, of those unable or unwilling to learn from accumulated knowledge or the teaching of experts. The disagreement between those folk aphorisms reflects profound questions about the human pursuit of intelligence through learning from experience that have long confronted philosophers and social scientists. This book considers the unexpected problems organizations (and the individuals in them) face when they rely on experience to adapt, improve, and survive. While acknowledging the power of learning from experience and the extensive use of experience as a basis for adaptation and for constructing stories and models of history, this book examines the problems with such learning. March argues that although individuals and organizations are eager to derive intelligence from experience, the inferences stemming from that eagerness are often misguided. The problems lie partly in errors in how people think, but even more so in properties of experience that confound learning from it. "Experience," March concludes, "may possibly be the best teacher, but it is not a particularly good teacher." 410 0$aMessenger lectures. 606 $aOrganizational learning 606 $aExperience$xSocial aspects 606 $aIntellect$xSocial aspects 615 0$aOrganizational learning. 615 0$aExperience$xSocial aspects. 615 0$aIntellect$xSocial aspects. 676 $a302.3/5 700 $aMarch$b James G$0112534 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910816580603321 996 $aThe ambiguities of experience$94047120 997 $aUNINA