LEADER 04088oam 2200529 450 001 9910815730103321 005 20190911112724.0 010 $a1-78326-431-4 010 $a1-84816-306-1 035 $a(OCoLC)864899470 035 $a(MiFhGG)GVRL8RCG 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000001168283 100 $a20130925h20142014 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurun|---uuuua 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aMaterials under extreme conditions $emolecular crystals at high pressure /$fRoberto Bini, Vincenzo Schettino, University of Florence, Italy 210 1$aLondon :$cImperial College Press,$d[2014] 210 4$d?2014 215 $a1 online resource (xvii, 354 pages) $cillustrations (some color) 225 0 $aGale eBooks 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-84816-305-3 311 $a1-306-18298-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aPreface; Foreword; Acknowledgments; Contents; 1. Introduction; 2. Historical Survey; 3. Elasticity and Equation of State; 3.1 Stress and strain; 3.2 Elasticity and anisotropy in molecular crystals; 3.2.1 Elastic constants; 3.2.2 Temperature and pressure dependence of the elastic constants; 3.2.3 Single crystals and polycrystals; 3.2.4 Variation of crystal parameters with pressure; 3.3 Parametric equations of state; 4. High-pressure Technical Survey; 4.1 The piston-cylinder device; 4.1.1 Large volume piston-cylinder apparatus; 4.2 The opposed anvil devices; 4.3 Multi-anvil devices 327 $a4.4 The diamond anvil cell4.4.1 Diamonds; 4.4.2 Gasket; 4.4.3 Loading techniques; 4.4.4 Compression media; 4.5 High- and low-temperature techniques; 4.5.1 Low-temperature devices; 4.5.2 Resistive heating; 4.5.3 Laser heating; 4.6 Pressure measurement; 4.7 Probing techniques based on electromagnetic radiation; 4.7.1 Optical spectroscopy; 4.7.1.1 Infrared spectroscopy; 4.7.1.2 Raman and Brillouin spectroscopy; 4.7.1.3 Non-linear optical techniques; 4.7.2 X-ray diffraction; 4.7.3 Neutron diffraction; 4.7.4 Nuclear magnetic resonance; 5. Principles of Chemical Reactivity Under Pressure 327 $a5.1 Pressure effects on chemical equilibria5.2 Pressure effects on reaction rates; 5.3 Environmental effects at high pressure; 5.4 Effects of high pressure on the electronic structure; 6. Chemical Reactions in Molecular Crystals; 6.1 Reversible reactions; 6.1.1 Solid nitrogen at high pressure: the archetypal energetic material; 6.1.2 Red oxygen; 6.1.3 Carbon dioxide: a multiform solid; 6.1.4 Formic acid; 6.1.5 Sulphur. Polymeric and molecular phases; 6.1.6 Symmetry breaking and ionization at high pressures; 6.1.7 Metallization at high pressures; 6.2 Irreversible reactions 327 $a6.2.1 Unsaturated hydrocarbons6.2.2 Aromatics and heteroaromatics; 6.2.3 Miscellanea; 6.2.4 Energetic materials; 6.2.5 Photochemistry at high pressures; Bibliography; Appendix A; Index 330 $aHigh-pressure materials research has been revolutionized in the past few years due to technological breakthroughs in the diamond anvil cell (DAC), shock wave compression and molecular dynamic simulation (MD) methods. The application of high pressure, especially together with high temperature, has revealed exciting modifications of physical and chemical properties even in the simplest molecular materials. Besides the fundamental importance of these studies to understand the composition and the dynamics of heart and planets' interior, new materials possessing peculiar characteristics of hardness 606 $aHigh pressure chemistry 606 $aMaterials at high pressures 606 $aMolecular crystals 615 0$aHigh pressure chemistry. 615 0$aMaterials at high pressures. 615 0$aMolecular crystals. 676 $a543 700 $aBini$b Roberto$01624295 702 $aSchettino$b Vincenzo 801 0$bMiFhGG 801 1$bMiFhGG 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910815730103321 996 $aMaterials under extreme conditions$93959215 997 $aUNINA