LEADER 05365nam 2200721 a 450 001 9910814278003321 005 20240313173614.0 010 $a1-118-56206-2 010 $a1-299-31493-7 010 $a1-118-61392-9 035 $a(CKB)2560000000100587 035 $a(EBL)1143598 035 $a(OCoLC)830161720 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000834167 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11411989 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000834167 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10980081 035 $a(PQKB)10063674 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1143598 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1143598 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10671564 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL462743 035 $a(PPN)175940665 035 $a(EXLCZ)992560000000100587 100 $a20120418d2012 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aSolar energy at urban scale /$fedited by Benoit Beckers 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aLondon $cISTE Ltd. ;$aHoboken, N.J. $cJohn Wiley & Sons$d2012 215 $a1 online resource (383 p.) 225 1 $aISTE 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-84821-356-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover; Solar Energy at Urban Scale; Title Page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; Introduction; The Authors; Chapter 1. The Odyssey of Remote Sensing from Space: Half a Century of Satellites for Earth Observations; 1.1. To improve the weather forecasts; 1.2. Technological challenges to spy and to map from orbit; 1.3. Toward global environmental observers in space; 1.4. The digital revolution of the ICTs for GIS applications; 1.5. Suggested reading; Chapter 2. Territorial and Urban Measurements; 2.1. Solar radiation at the Earth's surface; 2.2. Instrumentation 327 $a2.2.1. Fundamentals of solar irradiance measurements2.2.2. Solar radiometers; 2.2.2.1. Pyrheliometers; 2.2.2.2. Pyranometers; 2.2.2.3. World radiometric reference; 2.2.2.4. Radiometers calibration and uncertainty; 2.2.2.5. Classification of pyranometers; 2.2.3. Sunshine duration measurements; 2.2.3.1. Burning card method; 2.2.3.2. Pyranometric method; 2.2.4. Data quality assessment; 2.2.5. Data availability; 2.3. Radiation measurements in urban environment; 2.3.1. Description scales; 2.3.2. Urban site description; 2.3.3. WMO recommendations 327 $a2.3.3.1. Scope of measurements and measurement site selection2.3.3.2. Measurements and corrections; 2.4. Conclusions; 2.5. Acknowledgments; 2.6. Bibliography; Chapter 3. Sky Luminance Models; 3.1. CIE standard overcast sky (1955); 3.2. CIE standard clear sky (1996); 3.3. CIE standard general sky; 3.4. All-weather model for sky luminance distribution - Perez; 3.5. ASRC-CIE model; 3.6. Igawa all-sky model; 3.7. Absolute luminance; 3.8. Visualization; 3.9. Conclusion; 3.10. Bibliography; Chapter 4. Satellite Images Applied to Surface Solar Radiation Estimation; 4.1. The solar resource 327 $a4.2. Ground measurements of the solar resource4.2.1. Ground instruments; 4.2.2. The spatial variability of solar radiation; 4.3. Satellite images for SSI estimation; 4.4. Two different approaches for satellite-based SSI estimation; 4.4.1. SSI clear-sky models; 4.4.2. The inverse approach; 4.4.2.1. The calculation of the cloud coverage index; 4.4.2.2. The calculation of the GHI; 4.4.3. The direct approach; 4.5. Accuracy of satellite-based SSI estimations; 4.6. Use of satellite observations for high-resolution solar radiation estimation 327 $a4.6.1. High-resolution solar atlas of Provence-Alpes-Co?te d'Azur4.6.1.1. Model for the variation of the optical path length; 4.6.1.2. Model for sky obstruction effects by the orography; 4.6.1.3. Uncertainty analysis of the solar atlas; 4.6.1.4. Dissemination of the solar atlas; 4.6.2. Solar resource assessment at urban scale; 4.7. Bibliography; Chapter 5. Worldwide Aspects of Solar Radiation Impact; 5.1. Global energy budget at the Earth level; 5.2. The distribution of solar radiation on the Earth's surface; 5.2.1. Consequence of the unequal distribution of sunshine 327 $a5.2.2. Effect of the Earth's rotation 330 $a Increasing urbanization throughout the world, the depletion of fossil fuels and concerns about global warming have transformed the city into a physical problem of prime importance. This book proposes a multi-disciplinary and systematic approach concerning specialities as different as meteorology, geography, architecture and urban engineering systems, all surrounding the essential problem of solar radiation.It collects the points of view of 18 specialists from around the world on the interaction between solar energy and constructions, combining territorial, urban and architectural scal 410 0$aISTE 606 $aSolar energy 606 $aUrban climatology 606 $aEnvironmental engineering 606 $aCity planning 615 0$aSolar energy. 615 0$aUrban climatology. 615 0$aEnvironmental engineering. 615 0$aCity planning. 676 $a690.028/6 701 $aBeckers$b Benoit$f1969-$01652272 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910814278003321 996 $aSolar energy at urban scale$94124615 997 $aUNINA